Jurnal Online Universitas Pertahanan (Indonesian Defense University)
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DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN LITTORAL STATES DI SELAT MALAKA MELALUI KERANGKA PATROLI SELAT MALAKA
Get PDFSelat Malaka sebagai salah satu selat yang memiliki nilai strategis dalam perdagangan dunia kerap menghadapi berbagai ancaman keamanan non-tradisional. Sesuai dengan UNCLOS, littoral states seperti Indonesia, Singapura, dan Malaysia berkewajiban untuk menjaga keamanan di wilayah perairan Selat Malaka agar perdagangan dan ekonomi dunia tidak terganggu. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana kerangka kerjasama Malacca Straits Patrol (MSP) dibentuk sebagai sebuah kerjasama yang dibentuk oleh littoral states dalam rangka menjaga stabilitas keamanan di wilayah perairan Selat Malaka. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif melalui studi pustaka. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan konsep kerja sama pertahanan dan diplomasi pertahanan. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa MSP yang terdiri atas Malacca Straits Sea Patrol (MSSP), “Eyes-in-the-Sky†Combined Maritime Air Patrols (EiS), dan MSP Intelligence Exchange Group (IEG) merupakan salah satu bentuk aktivitas diplomasi pertahanan berupa multilateral contacts between military officials dan multilateral military exercise yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan rasa percaya dan kapabilitas pertahanan masing-masing negara.Kata Kunci : selat malaka, the malacca straits patrol framework, ancaman, kerjasama pertahanan, diplomasi pertahana
KONTRIBUSI SUMBER DAYA ALAM DALAM DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN: STUDI KASUS BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Get PDFBrunei Darussalam merupakan negara yang kaya akan sumber daya alam seperti minyak bumi dan gas alam. Sumber pendapatan negaranya sangat bergantung pada sektor migas. Ketika harga minyak dunia turun, hal ini juga berpengaruh pada perekonomian Brunei Darussalam sehingga pemerintah Brunei Darussalam memangkas anggaran pertahanannya pada tahun 2015 sebesar 25%. Namun, pada tahun 2018, anggaran pertahanan Brunei Darussalam mencapai B$ 492,754,700, meningkat 12,9% dari anggaran tahun sebelumnya. Penelitian ini berfokus kepada sektor migas Brunei Darussalam yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap anggaran pertahanan Brunei Darussalam. Besaran anggaran pertahanan suatu negara akan mempengaruhi kekuatan pertahanan, termasuk aktivitas diplomasi pertahanan didalamnya. Konsep yang digunakan untuk menganalisis studi ini adalah konsep diplomasi pertahanan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat key results area dalam pertahanan Brunei Darussalam, yaitu integritas wilayah, kapasitas militer, mendukung pendekatan whole-of-nation, diplomasi pertahanan yang efektif, keterlibatan militer dalam misi internasional, sumber daya manusia berkualitas tinggi, dan image pertahanan yang berwibawa dan kredibel.Kata Kunci : Brunei Darussalam, diplomasi pertahanan, sumber daya ala
UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TO MEET WATER LOGISTIC SUPPORT IN THE MARITIME BORDER: STUDY AT NAVY POST, LABUAN BAJO, EAST NUSA TENGGARA
Get PDFThe availability of clean water is a large part of the main problem in the area of West Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Eventhough there is correlation between factors of adequate water, health and economic development. One area that represents this condition is in the village of Labuan Bajo. The enchantment of the tourist island of Flores found in West Manggarai Regency, where Labuan Bajo is the gateway to entering the tourist charm is a place that tourists really want to visit. As a government effort to tighten border supervision and safeguards the Labuan Bajo maritime, the government formed the Indonesian Navy post. Therefore, the availability of clean water is needed in the area, besides to meet the needs of the Labuan Bajo community, improve facilities and infrastructure to bring in many tourists, also for fulfilling the logistical support of the Navy's headquarters. To meet water needs, there are 2 options that are expected to solve the problem, namely (1) mapping of underground water in the village of Labuan Bajo and pumping it using electric power from the voltaic photo results, and (2) when there is no item (1) then pumping water from the reservoir is available at a distance about 3 km from the village of Labuan Bajo. Considering the contour of the area, the needed to make new reservoirs and water pumping systems from the reservoir available, so that an adequate level of water is obtained for drain water to the village. Mapping of underground water is carried out with using the geoelectric method. If option 1 is successful, then the system that is built can be used as a model of pumping underground water, mainly in the area of West Manggarai Regency that needed it. Then the water obtained will be processed through the Reverse Osmosis process to produce ready to drink water.Keywords: clean water supply, photovoltaic, renewable energy, rural area, water pum
ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF IRON SAND PROCESSING INTO SPONGE IRON IN ORDER TO SUPPORT THE DEFENSE INDUSTRY OF STEEL RAW MATERIALS
Get PDFThe number of iron sand reserves is mostly spread in the coastal waters of Indonesia, from the coast of Sumatra, the southern of Java to Bali, the beaches of Sulawesi, beaches in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), and the northern coast of Papua. Total reserves for ore are 173,810,612 tons and metal as much as 25,412,652.62 tons. But its utilization was not optimal because PT. Krakatau Steel, and PT. Krakatau Posco has produced steel plates only 24,000 to 36,000 tons per year. While the need for steel plates for the shipping industry each year requires 900,000 tons per year. With the need for raw material for steel plates in the form of iron sponges with Fe ≥ 60%, PT. Krakatau Steel is still imported from abroad. The proof is PT. Krakatau Steel before and during the year 2000 still imported Iron Ore Pellets from the countries of Sweden, Chille and Brazil for 3,500,000 tons per year. This condition is the cause of the national steel industry unable to compete with the foreign steel industry because imported raw materials are subject to import duties. This is an opportunity to build a steel raw material company because all this time the steel raw material industry in Indonesia has only two companies. This condition encourages the manufacture of iron sponges, with the process of making iron sponges with technology adapted to installed production capacity. This study analysed the manufacture of iron sponges using Cipatujah iron sand, as raw material for the manufacture of iron sponges, with the results obtained in the form of iron sponges with the highest levels of Fe ≥60.44%. This can be used for the purposes of raw materials for steel making PT. Krakatau Steel (PT. KS), because so far PT. KS claims that Fe 60% local sponge iron products. This can encourage the independence of steel raw materials, which impacts on the independence of the defence industry. But the government must also protect and prioritize steel raw materials for national production for national steel production. With the national government steel industry, the consortium of vendors supplying raw material (iron sponge) to maintain the quality and supply of continuous sponge iron.Keywords: iron sand, iron pellet, iron spong
UNDERSTANDING PEACE STUDIES AS PART OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Get PDFPeace Studies is a discipline that is derived from International Relations. With the development of International Relations, they are dealing with cases related to conflicts and wars between states, as well as states with non-states. For this reason, Peace Studies was born so that it can focus on discussing issues surrounding conflict, war, and resolution efforts. Peace Studies in general are associated with the concept of conflict resolution. One method of conflict resolution in Peace Studies is the concept of conflict transformation. Conflict transformation is not only aimed at stopping conflict and to change patterns of negative relations between conflicting parties, but also to change the political, social and economic structure that causes the patterns of negative relations. Peace Studies offers a new analysis of how International Relations should look at the complexity of relations between actors. The author did not conduct field research related to this article, but conduct a conceptual research through literature study. The purpose of this article is to see how Peace Studies can help answer problems in International Relations related to conflicts or wars that occur internationally.Keywords: peace studies, conflict, armed conflict, violence, and conflict transformatio
MODEL INTERNALISASI SOFT SKILL BELA NEGARA BAGI MAHASISWA FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK (FISIP) MELALUI KEGIATAN TERINTEGRATIF DAN BERKELANJUTAN
Get PDFArtikel ini adalah hasil dari penelitian kelembagaan, yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model internalisasi soft skill bela negara bagi mahasiswa FISIP UPN “Veteran†Yogyakarta dalam menghasilkan lulusan yang memiliki karakter bela negara. Dalam penelitian ini, beberapa tahapan dilakukan, yaitu tahap pertama dalam merumuskan soft skill bela negara yang dijabarkan dari nilai-nilai dasar bela negara. Tahap selanjutnya adalah menyusun bentuk-bentuk kegiatan yang dilakukan mulai diterima sebagai mahasiswa baru hingga mahasiswa lulus. Kegiatannya terdiri dari kegiatan kurikuler, ko-kurikuler, dan ekstra kurikuler. Tahap ketiga adalah mengatur tahapan internalisasi soft skill bela negara berdasarkan bentuk kegiatannya. Tahap internalisasi dimulai dengan tahap pengenalan, kesadaran, penguatan, aktualisasi dan penguatan lebih lanjut. Tahap ketiga ini adalah model internalisasi soft skill pertahanan negara yang terintegrasi dan berkelanjutan.Kata Kunci: internalisasi, soft skills, bela negara, integratif, berkelanjuta
MAINTAINING NATION SOLIDITIES THROUGH RENEWABLE ENERGY MANAGEMENT BASED ON MUTUAL COOPERATION
Get PDFThe community is one of the potential sources for building solidity, strength and defense for the Indonesian people. However, building on the condition of the Indonesian nation's solidity in the midst of current globalization has many challenges. One of them is by trying to condition people who are united in maintaining the solidity of the nation. The research method in this study used literature studies and previous research observation of the author. The result is an analysis of the role of community solidity in managing renewable energy towards energy independence supporting national defense forces, through the implementation of basic energy self-management including: (1) awareness of the importance of citizen solidity in managing renewable energy through solid community participation in a community so as not only normative appeals, but there needs to be clear regulations regarding the active involvement of the community in supporting the 23% renewable energy mix program in 2025; (2) the community becomes the driving force of solidarity in energy management that has succeeded in facilitating other communities in providing energy independently and contributing to the growth of people's economy in supporting national defense.Keywords: Community Solidity, Energy, Self-Managemen
INTERNALIZATION MODEL OF SOFT SKILL OF STATE DEFENSE FOR STUDENTS OF FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCES THROUGH INTEGRATIVE AND SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITIES
Get PDFThis article is the result of institutional research, which aims to develop a model of internalization of state defense soft skills for FISIP students of UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta who can graduate with state defense character. In this article, several stages were carried out, namely, the first stage in formulating the state defense soft skills derived from the basic values of state defense. The next stage is to arrange the forms of activities carried out starting to be accepted as new students until students being graduated. The activities consist of curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. The final stage is to arrange the stages of internalization of state defense soft skills based on the forms of the activities. The internalization stage begins with the stages of introduction, awareness, reinforcement, actualization and further strengthening. This third stage is a model of internalization of integrated and sustainable state defense soft skills.Keywords: internalization, soft skills, state defense, integrated, sustainabl
ANALISIS DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN INDONESIA DALAM MENGHADAPI KRISIS SEMENANJUNG KOREA GUNA MENJAGA STABILITAS KAWASAN ASIA TENGGARA
Get PDFDalam perspektif keamanan, wilayah Indonesia dan kawasan Asia Tenggara secara keseluruhan merupakan kawasan yang strategis baik dalam aspek ekonomi, politik, maupun militer. Kondisi ini juga memiliki potensi dan tantangan yang kompleks dan berisiko menimbulkan ketegangan antar negara. Pasca Perang Korea dan Perang Dunia ke II perkembangan krisis di Semenanjung Korea masih terus berlanjut. Kemudian Korea Utara memilih untuk membangun kapabilitas militer yang semakin meningkat. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang berdekatan dengan wilayah Semenanjung Korea dan kondisi ini dapat memberikan dampak terhadap kedaulatan dan keamanan negara Indonesia, khususnya kegiatan uji coba nuklir yang telah dilakukan oleh Korea Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia dan bagaimana peran para aktor yang terlibat dalam menanggapi isu tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini membahas isu tersebut dengan teori konstruktifis dan konsep diplomasi pertahanan dalam proses analisisnya. Hasil pembahasan penelitian ini adalah bentuk diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia dalam menanggapi krisis di Semenanjung Korea.Kata Kunci : ASEAN, diplomasi pertahanan, denuklirisasi, strategi pertahanan, keamanan kawasa
CHINA COERCIVE DIPLOMACY THROUGH SOUTH CHINA SEA CONFLICT AND BELT & ROAD INITIATIVES
Get PDFThis paper studies Chinese coercive diplomacy by first analyzing the South China Sea (SCS) issue from the perspective of China national interest which has Belt Road Initiatives (BRI) political agenda (formerly known as OBOR). Through BRI, China will be a counterweight to the world economic power in countering US hegemony. This paper aims to describe the coercive form of China diplomacy which has been implemented through both phenomena and to analyze China coercive diplomacy using theory and relevant concept. To achieve those goals, this paper employs qualitative research method as well as national interest and neorealism theory. The findings of this paper suggest that, in reflection of China-Sri Lanka bilateral experience, BRI is one of debt-track diplomacy of China commodities in maintaining energy and economy security. This paper is expected to be one of the studies about South China Sea which can see BRI more in the opportunities it bring