Jurnal Online Universitas Pertahanan (Indonesian Defense University)
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TRANSITION TO NUCLEAR WAR: INDONESIAN PERSPECTIVE RESPONSE USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS AND STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS METHOD
Full text linkSince the end of World War II, the use of nuclear power as a weapon of war has been criticized for causing the deaths of up to 55 million people. Then there was a shift in the use of nuclear power from military to peaceful purposes, such as economic goals, and many countries built nuclear reactors as an alternative to conventional fuels. In addition, nuclear power can also serve as a very strong deterrent factor to prevent open war. Indonesia's geographical position is currently surrounded by countries that own nuclear reactors, such as North Korea, Iran, Russia, China, and India, followed by the formation of the AUKUS alliance of Australia, the United Kingdom (U.K.), and the United States (U.S.). With the geopolitical conditions and escalation in the region, Indonesia should take precautionary measures to avoid a nuclear war in the region. This study aims to identify the best anticipatory steps that can be taken by conducting in-depth Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and extracting data using questionnaires from ten academics, diplomats, nuclear experts, military personnel, and professionals, which results in several alternative options. The option is then analyzed to identify which is the best by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and confirmed with Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT ) Analysis. Based on the findings of the analysis, the sequence of anticipatory steps that must be taken is as follows: 1) through diplomacy; 2) through the strengthening of defense equipment; 3) participation in certain alliances, either temporarily or permanently, and 4) building a national nuclear capability as a deterrent. As a result, diplomacy remains the primary option for resolving the region's escalatio
U.S. INDO-PACIFIC STRATEGY: THE UTILIZATION OF THE U.S.-AUSTRALIA MILITARY ALLIANCE AS PART OF THE U.S. BALANCE OF POWER STRATEGY TO RESPOND TO CHINA INFLUENCE IN INDO-PACIFIC REGION
Full text linkOne of the U.S. intentions in Indo-Pacific is to counter a new rising giant of China. The U.S. government has recognized China as a competitive actor. An effort to promote U.S. security interests in the Indo-Pacific region serves as an option to safeguard their national interest. The U.S. alliance network is considered one of the most lasting and successful parts of U.S. Foreign Policy since World War II. The member of its alliance has adapted to several changes in international events, including in the post-Cold War era, the rivalry tended to be centered between two major powers. Australia is not the exception. Several bilateral and multilateral approaches to implementing its Mutual Defense Treaty have been integrated and enhanced. This study aims to elaborate on the U.S.-Australia Military Alliance as part of the U.S. Balance of Power Strategy to respond to China's Influence in Indo-Pacific Region. The study will use an explanatory research method by explaining rather than describing the studied phenomena that depart from the qualitative approach. In the end, the study concludes that the U.S. is actively involved with Australia as its military alliance through ANZUS, the Quad, and AUKUS; those all considered the effort encountered by the U.S. to respond to China's Influence in the Indo-Pacific Region
THE POLICY OF JOINT DEFENSE REGIONAL COMMAND I OF THE INDONESIAN MILITARY (KOGABWILHAN I TNI) IN SUPPORTING STATE DEFENSE
Full text linkJoint Defense Regional Command I (Kogabwilhan I) is the Operation Main Command (Kotamaops) of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI or Tentara Nasional Indonesia) which is directly under the Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Kogabwilhan I’s task is to act as an initial follower and restorer in the event of a conflict in its territory, both for War Military Operations (WMO) and Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW) as well as a deterrent in the event of a threat. The current phenomenon is that the organizational readiness of units in the Natuna area is not yet ideal, the readiness of human resources, especially the Indonesian National Armed Forces units in the Natuna area, is still limited, and the support for facilities and infrastructure of the Indonesian National Armed Forces units in the Natuna area is not adequate, and the implementation of operational activities in the Indonesian National Armed Forces units in the Natuna area. Natuna is not optimal. The purpose of this study is to provide government input on the implementation of Joint Defense Regional Command I (Kogabwilhan I) policies in supporting the national defense. This study uses a qualitative method which is an understanding of social phenomena from several participant perspectives. The results achieved are by the theory of Policy Implementation related to Resources, Communication, Disposition, and Bureaucratic Structure, a strategy is needed to revamp the bureaucratic structure and recalculate budget resources. Â
OPTIMALISASI MATA PELAJARAN GEOGRAFI SEBAGAI MEDIA PENANAMAN KESADARAN BELA NEGARA PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Full text linkTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengkaji optimalisasi penanaman nilai-nilai bela negara melalui mata pelajaran Geografi serta implementasinya pada siswa sekolah menengah atas. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data berupa dokumen dan arsip, dengan teknik pengambilan data yaitu studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu terdapat lima materi pada mata pelajaran Geografi yang dapat dioptimalisasi sebagai media penanaman kesadaran bela negara. Materi tersebut adalah 1) Posisi strategis Indonesia sebagai poros maritime dunia, 2) Pengelolaan sumber daya alam Indonesia, 3) Ketahanan pangan, industri dan energi, 4) Mitigasi bencana, 5) Keragaman Budaya Indonesia. Metode pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan untuk penanaman nilai cinta tanah air dan kesadaran bela negara adalah melalui studi kasus
KAMPANYE DIVERSIFIKASI PANGAN LOKAL MAJEMUK WUJUD BELA NEGARA GENERASI MUDA MENUJU KETAHANAN PANGAN NASIONAL MELALUI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Full text linkRendahnya tingkat ragam konsumsi pangan atau pola pangan harapan (PPH) disebabkan oleh tidak tercapainya target ketersediaan pangan, kesulitan akses pangan lokal, dan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan ragam pangan lokal, serta minimnya informasi terkait pemasaran pangan lokal. Hal ini menjadi paradoks, mengingat Indonesia dikaruniai lahan yang luas dan subur. Ini merupakan ancaman nonmiliter, ketidakterpenuhinya kebutuhan pangan di suatu bangsa akan berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakstabilan ekonomi dan politik. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji bagaimana memperkuat diversifikasi pangan lokal guna mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap impor pangan dari luar negeri dan menuju ketahanan pangan nasional oleh generasi muda dengan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi. Metode yang digunakan ialah dengan cara pendekatan kualitatif eksploratif, dengan cara studi literatur dan menganalisis fenomena, kejadian atau keadaan pangan nasional terutama produksi dan konsumsi pangan lokal. Dari penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa kampanye diversifikasi pangan lokal dapat dilakukan melalui iklan layanan masyarakat seperti poster, foto, komik, film pendek, lagu, jingle ataupun podcast. Seluruh kampanye ini dikemas dengan bahasa yang menarik dan kekinian ala anak muda, sehingga hal ini akan menarik perhatian masyarakat terutama generasi muda. Generasi muda yang memiliki semangat tinggi dan dengan jumlahnya yang mendominasi di Indonesia menjadikan generasi muda sebagai agent of change menuju ketahanan pangan. Dengan pemanfaatan teknologi tersebut kampanye diversifikasi pangan akan mudah dan cepat dilakukan. Hal ini merupakan impementasi kesadara bela negara dalam kontes mendukung kemandirian pangan, kedaulatan pangan dan pemenuhan gizi rakyat Indonesia yang disertai dengan perbaikan ekonomi pelaku usaha pangan lokal
DENTISTS' ROLE IN STRENGTHENING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE SYSTEM
Full text linkNational defense is a form of effort to maintain state sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national safety. In Indonesia, the national defense system is used in the form of a universal people's defense system that involves all resources prepared by the government and is carried out in a total, integrated, directed, and sustainable manner. The common people's defense and security system is used in dealing with various threats. Military threats place the Indonesian National Army (TNI) as the main component, while non-military threats place Ministries/Institutions as the main component. This study will identify how dentists can play a role in strengthening the defense system in Indonesia. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with data collection techniques through literature studies and field observations. The results showed that in strengthening the defense system, dentists had the following roles namely 1) examination and treatment of the dental and oral health of soldiers, when the condition of the teeth is not good, it would interfere with the personnel’s performance in the field; 2) in military operations, dentists also play a role in recording the ante mortem of troops; and 3) in the field of review, plays a very large role in identifying disaster victims, this is because teeth are the only part of the body that has a good level of resistance. Military dentists as one of the professionals in the health sector in Indonesia play an active role in strengthening the national defense system, but the distribution of human resources for health workers is still not evenly distributed throughout Indonesia. There needs an effort to manage dental health personnel so that the rights of every Indonesian citizen in the health sector, especially dental health, can be fulfilled optimally.Â
SECURING NATIONAL AND REGIONAL ENERGY: INDONESIA'S POLICY IN THE TRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE PROJECT
Full text linkThe regional cooperation policy for the development of the Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline (TAGP) megaproject is one of Indonesia's efforts to secure national energy sources. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the policies that have been implemented by the Indonesian Government in responding to various problems of energy insecurity in the gas sector. Indonesia's policy to actively participate in the TAGP project is believed to be one of the solutions to overcoming the national and regional gas energy crisis, besides, energy security caused many various other security issues. This article uses a non-traditional security perspective to see why and how energy security become a huge issue today. The result that we found, in this case, is that the effectiveness of the policy cannot be assessed optimally, for example, the guaranteed stability of natural gas energy security at the national level and regional, both in terms of availability, distribution, and affordability that still needs continuous improvement
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDONESIAN DEFENSE INDUSTRY BY USING SYSTEMS THINKING APPROACH
Full text linkThe independence of the national defense industry is crucial in supporting the national defense system to ensure the survival and existence of the nation and state through its impact on defense capability, and national economic, and technological development. But until now there are still phenomena that show the weaknesses of the national defense industry, both in concept and practice. This study aims to explain and analyze the weaknesses of the national defense industry and propose recommendations for solutions to overcome these problems. This study uses a qualitative approach, a methodology that involves interpretation to understand and explain certain phenomena. The analytical tool used is systems thinking, which can see this phenomenon in a bigger, dynamic, and interrelated picture through a system model. The results of this study indicate that the problem we are facing includes a small defense industry’s budget, lacking resources and technology, the need for raw materials, and pseudo-practices by the domestic defense industry. The proposed solution system model demonstrates how to develop the national defense industry by implementing the mandate of (Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2012 Concerning the Defense Industry), introducing defense product innovation through national and international defense industry exhibitions to increase investment opportunities, and implementing (Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2020 Concerning Job Creation) to involve private industry in the development of a strategic defense industry. Finally, the independence of the national defense industry will realize operational readiness into real operational capabilities, so that the independence of national defense will be achieved and the integrity of the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia will be maintained. This condition will immediately build the spirit of nationalism of Indonesian citizens.Â
PELIBATAN BADAN INTELIJEN NEGARA DALAM PENANGANAN KASUS GAGAL GINJAL AKUT DI INDONESIA
Full text linkKasus gagal ginjal akut di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan sejak Agustus 2022 dan pasien meninggal juga bertambah menjadi 179 orang hingga awal November 2022. Sejumlah kementerian dilibatkan termasuk insitusi kepolisian untuk melakukan penyelidikan terhadap dugaan adanya tindak pidana. Namun, Badan Intelijen Negara (BIN) tidak dilibatkan dalam penanganan kasus gagal ginjal akut tersebut padahal BIN memiliki rekam jejak yang baik dalam penanganan kasus kesehatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan pentingnya melibatkan BIN dalam menangani kasus gagal ginjal akut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BIN perlu dilibatkan dalam penanganan kasus gagal ginjal akut di Indonesia karena BIN memiliki kapasitas dan kapabilitas baik dari segi fasilitas, sumber daya manusia, hingga aturan hukum
PEMBENTUKAN SIKAP RELA BERKORBAN MAHASISWA MELALUI MATA KULIAH PATRIOTISME
Full text linkPembangunan karakter menjadi salah satu misi penting yang telah diatur oleh pemerintah melalui berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan. Presidan Joko Widodo bahkan memasukkan misi pembangunan karakter ke dalam Nawa Cita yang digagasnya. Salah satu karakter yang tengah gencar digaungkan oleh pemerintah adalah karakter bela negara. Sebagai Kampus Kebangsaan, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya mencanangkan mata kuliah Patriotisme. Selain sebagai mata kuliah penciri universitas, Patriotisme juga bertujuan untuk membentuk karakter mahasiswa. Salah satu tujuan dari mata kuliah Patriotisme adalah membentuk karakter rela berkorban mahasiswa yang merupakan salah satu unsur dari nilai bela negara. Dengan adanya mata kuliah Patriotisme, mahasiswa Universutas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya diharapkan memiliki karakter kebangsaan yang kokoh. Mata kuliah Patriotisme juga bertujuan agar mahasiswa tak hanya memahami pelajaran yang didapat di kelas, namun juga mempraktikkan nilai tersebut di lingkungannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan sampel diambil dari mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti mata kuliah Patriotisme. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga merupakan bagian dari evaluasi pembelajaran. Dalam penelitian ini, instrumen penelitian menggunakan angket dengan Skala Likert sehingga tiap jawaban di dalam angket memiliki tingkatan skor tertentu. Dari hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap nilai yang diajarkan dalam mata kulaih Patriotisme lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tingkat praktiknya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa dan praktiknya.Kata Kunci: Mahasiswa, Karakter Rela Berkorban, Patriotism