International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU)
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Alternatives to Imprisonment, a Solution to Reforming the Perpetrator
Get PDFIn the 19th century, which witnessed the emergence of criminological ideas and attention to the knowledge of the roots of crime and the approach of fighting the causes and not the effects of crime, a fundamental change occurred in the purpose of punishing the perpetrators. From now on, reforming and re-socializing the perpetrators and fighting the causes of crime was the main goal of punishment. However, there was not much change in the method and type of punishment and prison remained the common tool and method of punishing criminals. With the passage of time and the experience of countries in the use of the maximum prison sentence, there was no noticeable change in achieving the goal of reducing the number of crimes. Therefore, from now on, the prison sentence was faced with serious questions and challenges. Criminology thinkers came up with a new solution to deal with criminals, for which the idea of humanism and a reform-oriented approach in to criminal policy was put forward as an idea. The product of this effort is to achieve diversity and variety of society's reaction against lawbreakers, one of which is referred to as "alternatives to prison". Afghanistan's criminal justice system, influenced by modern criminal ideas and learning from other countries, introduced prison alternatives officially and broadly into the criminal justice system in 2016. This article has discussed and analyzed the theoretical framework, the reasons for turning from prison and rehabilitative punishment to "alternatives", as well as the public and private conditions of using alternatives to imprisonment, the mechanism of its executive guarantee, and the positive effects of this type of reaction. In addition to explaining "deprivation of social rights" as one of the alternative examples of imprisonment, in the legal and judicial penal policy of Afghanistan, it has been explored and evaluated. In this study, the efficiency and effectiveness of the new policy towards the perpetrators and its reformative effect have been evaluated more than prison punishment.
The Existence of Purbo Asmoro Puppeteers in the Digital Era
Get PDFThis article aims to describe the existence of puppeteer Ki Purbo Asmoro in the digital era. The method used in exploring this is using library research, in the process of collecting information and obtaining data is done by reviewing notes, books, journals, documentation, and other sources that may be relevant to the topic of the article written. The results of the analysis carried out regarding the existence of puppeteer Ki Purbo Asmoro in the digital era are 1) The condition of shadow puppetry in Solo is quite good, which has the support of the government in terms of funding facilities, training, and infrastructure. 2) The survival of shadow puppetry includes factors such as the innovation and creativity of puppeteers in the face of globalization, namely the development of puppeteer Ki Purbo Asmoro's innovation in the development of the wayang style in his performances. Pakeliran garapan wayang style is a new packaging concept in an overnight format. Social media plays an important role for Ki Purbo Asmoro in developing the existence of shadow puppet culture, namely through the Purbo Asmoro Official YouTube channel. Through his YouTube channel, it contains educational values regarding puppet knowledge. 3) The main elements of the work culture ecosystem include: encouraging innovation and creativity in helping to organize puppet shows that are relevant and adapt to change. 4) The positive impact of the existence of puppeteer Ki Purbo Asmoro is to increase public interest in puppet culture from an early age in the younger generation. Education and learning about puppet content. Social media becomes a forum that makes it easier for puppet artists to organize various plays, knowledge in puppet shows. Inspiring the younger generation in encouraging young people to develop an interest in wayang art to be used as learning
The Use of Audio-Visual Learning Media and The Application of the Jigsaw Model in Teaching Arts and Culture at the Junior High School Level in Rural Areas
Get PDFLow educational quality is one of the challenges faced by schools in the rural areas. Factors hindering the success of art education include students' low interest, inadequate facilities and infrastructure in the school environment, educators' qualifications and quality not matching the field they teach, resulting in less competent educators in the arts. Furthermore, the education curriculum may not be relevant to the needs of the rural areas. Additionally, some students lack knowledge of national anthems, are unfamiliar with the lyrics, and cannot sing them with the correct melody. The importance of educators in rural areas is evident in addressing these issues. Educators must be professional, innovative, and creative in devising appropriate teaching strategies and models. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 5 Satu Atap Tanah Pinoh, with seventh-grade students as the subjects of the study. The research results demonstrate that students show an improvement in the quality of their learning when using audio-visual media and implementing the Jigsaw model in teaching arts and culture at junior high schools in rural areas. The study indicates that students can utilize this learning approach to enhance their skills both within and outside the school environment
Optimizing Rice Production: Innovative Cultivation Practices at the Farmer Level
Get PDFThe success of lowland rice cultivation is supported by the application of appropriate cultivation technology. The application of this technology is important to ensure optimal production achievement. The increasing population of Indonesia every year increases the demand for rice. To meet this need, the rice cultivation techniques applied by farmers need to be considered. Production factors are related to the application of cultivation techniques, including variety selection, fertilization, irrigation, and control of plant pests, all of which affect the results of lowland rice production. The research was conducted through a survey, by collecting data from farmer groups who own rice fields in South Bolaang Mongondow Regency, which includes Bolaang Uki District, Popodu and Salongo Villages and Pinolosian District, Kombot Village. The application of agricultural technology in South Bolaang Mongondow Regency is still not optimal, mainly due to the financial limitations of farmers. In general, 40% of farmers achieve production of 2-2.5 tons/ha and this shows that increasing access to technology and financial support is very important to increase productivity among farmer
The Effect of Permissive Indulgent Parenting, Social Media Usage, and Peer Interaction on the Moral Development of Adolescent Junior High School Students in Kecamatan Langsa Kota
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the effect of: (1) permissive indulgent parenting, the use of social media and peer interaction on the moral development of adolescents, (2) permissive indulgent parenting on the moral development of adolescents, (3) the use of social media on the moral development of adolescents, (4) peer interaction on adolescent moral development, 5) permissive indulgent parenting and use of social media on adolescent moral development; (6) permissive indulgent parenting and peer interaction on adolescent moral development; (7) the use of social media and peer interaction on the moral development of adolescents.The method used was quantitative with a correlational research design. The sample size was determined using Slovin's formula with a population of 1800 and a sample size of 327. The sampling technique used was proportional stratified random sampling. Data collection involved several scales, including permissive indulgent parenting scales, social media use scales, peer interaction scales, and adolescent moral development scales. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression analysis, accompanied by several assumption tests, namely normality test, linearity test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test. The results of this study indicate the following: (1) Permissive indulgent parenting, social media use, and peer interaction significantly influence adolescent moral development. This means that collectively, permissive indulgent parenting, social media use, and peer interaction can predict adolescent moral development. (2) Permissive indulgent parenting has a negative and significant effect on adolescent moral development. (3) The use of social media has a positive and significant impact on the moral development of adolescents. (4) Peer interaction also has a positive and significant impact on adolescent moral development. (5) permissive indulgent parenting and the use of social media has a significant effect on the moral development of adolescents; (6) permissive indulgent parenting and peer interaction has a significant effect on adolescent moral development; (7) the use of social media and peer interaction has a positive and significant effect on the moral development of adolescents
The Symbolic Meaning, Educational Value of the Offering Dance in Natuna Regency, Riau Islands in the Semiotic Perspective of Roland Barthes
Get PDFThe word offering contains the exact same meaning as the word, namely as an offering for the guests present. This dance has become an iconic tradition of the Malay community, especially Riau and the Riau Islands because the dance is always displayed as the opening of the event. Persembahan Dance is a characteristic as well as an identity of the Malay community that is friendly to others. Based on the results of the research, it can be obtained: 1) The form of Presentation of Offering Dance includes movement, floor patterns, makeup and clothing, props and accompanying music, 2) The symbolic meaning contained in the dance composition is: (a) upholding tepak movement: maintaining each other's speech and manners, (b) the movement of the sapudi footprint: humble attitude, (c) open greeting movement: must respect each other, (d) areca nut movement: easily accept the presence of the outside world, (e) puteri movement: elegance, beauty and gentleness of Malay women, (f) pancung sauk movement: we must be careful in our actions and words, (g) intersection of open attitudes, (h) twin picking movements: everything that is well cared for will continue to be preserved in its authenticity, (i) the movement of the state fence: very protective of its customs and culture, (j) the movement of the beni series: having a sense of "Shame", (k) the movement of closing greetings: never forget the customs. (l) Junjung Tepak Floor Pattern: If we fellow humans must be kind, (m) Jermal Buka pattern: an open attitude of Malay culture towards every culture that comes from outside, (n) Kite Pattern: never forget their identity and cultural customs, (o) Padjung Tepak Floor Pattern: reject other cultures if they feel that they are not in the same direction or if they are betrayed. (p) twin dome floor pattern: maintaining the rules in the custom, (q) closing greeting floor pattern: having a very open principle, (r) the accompanying music of the Offering Dance, namely the violin, bebano and accordion, (s) the makeup using realistic makeup that increases the beauty and elegance of the dancers, (t) the fashion of the Offering Dance using a kebaya lapuh made of songket weaving. (v) dance property: Tepak Sirih. (3) The educational values contained in the Offering Dance in Natuna Regency, Riau Islands (a) aesthetic value, (b) religious value, (c) cultural value, (d) value of mutual respect and respect, (e) value of responsibility, (f) value of mutual cooperation
Representation of Fufufafa Issue in Public Discourse: A Study of Teun A. van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis
Get PDFThis research examines the representation of the “Fufufafa” issue in public discourse using Teun A. van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis approach. This issue reflects how ideological and power forces play a role in shaping public narratives, particularly through social media such as Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok, as well as online mass media such as Kumparan and BBC News. The analysis highlights how dominant actors in society use discourse to defend their position and reinforce a particular agenda. The results show that social media accelerates the spread of this issue, creates polarization among the public, and contributes to the formation of public opinion that is often influenced by narratives modified according to the interests of dominant actors. Through critical discourse analysis, this research also reveals the power imbalance hidden behind the discourse and the important role of social media in directing public perception
Penal Mediation Regulations as Modernization of Indonesian Law from Criminal Code (WVS) to National Criminal Code
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze penal mediation in the Criminal Code (WvS) and the National Criminal Code in the form of modernization that will be in effect in 2026. The focus of the discussion in this study is the development of the concept of penal mediation in the Indonesian criminal law system from the old Criminal Code (WvS) to the National Criminal Code. Significant differences between the regulation of penal mediation in the old Criminal Code and the new Criminal Code, and how they have implications for the modernization of Indonesian criminal law. Optimizing the application of penal mediation in the context of the modernization of Indonesian criminal law. The results of this study conclude that the development of penal mediation in the National Criminal Code, when compared to the old Criminal Code (WvS), broadens the scope of penal mediation, based on the theory of restorative justice. That the concept of penal mediation regulated in the National Criminal Code has included the concept of restorative justice, in addition, the National Criminal Code has expanded the role of law enforcement in facilitating penal mediation, and provides greater discretion in choosing case resolution. Provides greater space for the participation of victims and perpetrators in case resolution; Emphasizes restoration of relationships and compensation. Integrating penal mediation into the criminal justice system. Creating flexibility in case handling
Optimizing Sports Human Resources to Enhance Physical Literacy and Foster Sports Participation
Get PDFDevelopment Sports in Karanganyar Regency face challenges in improving the quality and quantity of sports human resources, physical literacy, and sports participation. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method with a survey type to evaluate the three dimensions. Sampling techniques include stratified random sampling for sports human resources and multi-stage random sampling for physical literacy and sports participation. Data were collected from three sub-districts representing various levels of regional development and analyzed using the Sport Development Index (SDI). The results showed that the sports human resource dimension was in the low category with an index of 0.0004, physical literacy was in the medium category with an index of 0.6211, and sports participation was also in the low category with an index of 0.2666. These findings emphasize the need for optimization of sports human resources to improve physical literacy and sports participation as a whole. Recommendations include improving sports infrastructure, developing training and certification of human resources, and more effective physical literacy programs
Development of Augmented Reality Integrated Teaching Materials to Improve The Critical Thinking Ability of Gen-Z Students at Primary School Level
Get PDFThis research aims to learn how to develop augmented reality-integrated teaching materials. Apart from that, to determine the effect of using augmented reality-integrated teaching materials in improving students' critical thinking abilities. The research approach used is a research and development approach. The population in this study were all students of the fifth level of Ampenan 5th State Elementary School for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research design used in this research is the ADDIE model design (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The data collection technique was carried out using a questionnaire. After the data is collected, data analysis is carried out to achieve the research objectives. The results of data analysis show that the validation score for teaching material products is at 95% from media experts, and 95% from material experts. Based on this score, it can be concluded that Augmented Reality integrated teaching materials have high validity. Practitioner assessments of teaching materials show results in the very good category. The results of the effectiveness test show that there is a significant difference between the pretest and post-test results, which means that it shows that there is an influence of the application of Augmented Reality integrated teaching materials on the critical thinking abilities of grade 5th students on digestive organs, science, and science content at Ampenan 5th State Elementary School