International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU)
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Comparative Analysis of the Effects of High-Stakes English Exams on Students' Views of Teachers' Teaching Qualities
Get PDFHigh stakes exams might have an impact on test takers' learning objectives. It is unclear how the high-stakes English exams have affected students' evaluations of EFL teachers' teaching qualities, given their diverse academic backgrounds. Thus, the goal of this study was to bridge the knowledge gap by employing a mixed method of embedded research design and collecting data via questionnaire, Focused Group Discussion (FGD), and document analysis. The questionnaire was administered to a stratified random sample of 382, 12th grade students. The students with their one-semester academic achievements were selected from eight secondary schools (Arjo Gudetu, Biftu Gimbi, Biftu Nekemte, Darge, Gimbi, Guliso, Sena Gimbi and Sire) found in East and West Wollega zones, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, multivariate and one-way ANOVA. The data gathered through document analysis and FGD were to substantiate the questionnaire. The contents of the five consecutive years of past Ethiopian Secondary School Leaving Certificate English Examination (ESSLCEE) questions were analyzed quantitatively. The qualitative method was used to conduct FGD with the selected student participants of different academic achievement levels from each school. The recorded data was subsequently transcribed, translated, analyzed, and discussed thematically. From the study, it is noteworthy that students with varying academic backgrounds exhibit washback variability. Although there are variations in mean scores between students with varying levels of academic achievement, these differences are not statistically significant when it comes to the students' perceptions of teachers’ teaching qualities. That is, the high-stakes ESSLCEE has a greater detrimental impact on the low-achieving groups than it does on the high-achieving ones.The findings imply that there are disparities in students' views about their EFL teachers teaching qualities because of the washback of the high-stakes English examination. The study's conclusions have led to the forwarding of recommendations, and the findings have implications for test takers, educators, testers, curriculum designers and policy makers in Ethiopia and elsewhere
Dancing with the Invisible: Trance as a Medium of Cultural and Spiritual Dialogue in Javanese Folk Tradition
Get PDFThis paper examines the phenomenon of trance in Javanese traditional dance traditions, viewing it as an artistic endeavor rather than a psychological peculiarity. Trance is understood as a type of communication between the human and supernatural realms, with significant roots in local traditions. Using an ethnographic method and the Solah Ebrah model, the study carefully documents and analyzes cultural behaviors associated with trance states in performance. Using Kurath's six-step ethnographic method: observation, description, laboratory research, analysis of dance forms and events, synthesis, and conclusion. The study examines the complexities of possession in folk dance from psychological, Islamic, socio-cultural, and performative viewpoints. The findings help to broaden our understanding of trance in performance and provide a helpful reference for future dance studies
The Influence of Academic Stress and Smartphone Addiction on Academic Procrastination Among Public Senior High School Students in Yogyakarta City
Get PDFThis study aims to investigate the influence of: (1) academic stress on academic procrastination among high school students, (2) smartphone addiction on academic procrastination among high school students, and (3) the combined effect of academic stress and smartphone addiction on academic procrastination. This research employed a quantitative correlational approach. A total of 404 high school students in yogyakarta city were selected using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique from a population of 9,354 students. Data were collected using three scales: academic stress, smartphone addiction, and academic procrastination, all of which were validated by two expert reviewers and tested for reliability. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression, preceded by assumption tests including normality, linearity, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity.The results revealed that: (1) academic stress (x₁) had a significant influence on academic procrastination (y), with a negative direction. This means that the higher the level of academic stress experienced by students, the lower their tendency to procrastinate; (2) smartphone addiction (x₂) had a positive and significant effect on academic procrastination (y). The more addicted students were to smartphones, the higher their tendency to delay academic tasks; and (3) simultaneously, both independent variables—academic stress and smartphone addiction—significantly contributed to academic procrastination. Although the direction of influence differed, the regression analysis showed that the combination of both variables could explain the variability in academic procrastination behavior among high school students.Keywords: Academic Stress, Smartphone Addiction, Academic Procrastination
Deterrent Effect in System Criminalization Corruption: A Comparative Study System Criminalization of Indonesia and Singapore
Get PDFCorruption is an extraordinary crime that has a broad impact on the social, political and economic stability of a country. In Indonesia, the effectiveness of the punishment system against corruption offenders is often questioned due to weak penalties, slow judicial processes, and low legal certainty. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the corruption punishment system in Indonesia and Singapore through the deterrent effect theory approach which consists of three main principles: certainty, speed, and severity of punishment. This study uses a normative juridical approach and comparative law method, by analyzing key regulations, recent case studies, and secondary data from journals and research reports. The results show that Singapore has been able to consistently apply the principles of deterrent effect through strict laws, independent law enforcement agencies, and efficient judicial processes. Meanwhile, the punishment system in Indonesia still faces structural and cultural challenges that hinder the effective eradication of corruption. This study concludes that a comprehensive application of the deterrent effect theory can be an important foundation for corruption sentencing reform in Indonesia. This reform includes improving regulations, strengthening institutions, accelerating the legal process, and building a legal culture that supports integrity and accountability
Integrating Web-Based Physics E-Book and Problem-Based Learning to Enhance Critical Thinking and Learning Independence in Multicultural Classrooms
Get PDFThe integration of educational technology and culturally responsive pedagogy is essential in enhancing 21st-century skills among students. This study aims to develop and evaluate a web-based physics e-book supported by a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model to foster critical thinking and self-regulated learning in the topic of static fluids. The study, conducted in a multicultural senior high school setting in Indonesia, follows the ADDIE development model: Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The sample included students from grade XI MIPA at SMA Negeri 1 Banguntapan, divided into one experimental and two comparison groups. Instruments included expert validation checklists, essay-based critical thinking tests, and self-regulated learning questionnaires. Feasibility was evaluated through expert judgment and student readability feedback, while effectiveness was assessed using Generalized Linear Model (GLM) and Eta Square statistics. Results show that the e-book is highly feasible and significantly effective in improving students' critical thinking and learning independence. Importantly, the design also considers diverse cultural learning needs, supporting equity and inclusion in science education. The findings highlight the potential of integrating web-based media and PBL in promoting culturally inclusive, autonomous, and higher-order thinking education
The Survival of Intangible Cultural Expressions and Traditions from Globalization: An Overview of Indonesia’s Legal Protection
Get PDFDeveloping countries urgently need legal protection of traditional cultural expressions because globalization could impact cultural values due to human thought development, rapid technology, and the economic principles people use. On the other side, International organizations began developing efforts and strategies to protect global culture, such as the United Nations (UN). One of the organizations assigned by the UN is the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). This study uses the normative legal method to deal with legal issues relating Legal Protection of Cultural Expressions to Maintain Cultural Traditions From The Flow of Globalization. The result shows that Communities are presented with global culture but must maintain traditions binding their social relations through the meanings created, maintained, and internalized. This dilemmatic reality creates difficulties when people want to maintain a traditional culture full of meaning for their survival. Moreover, globalization’s erosion of solidarity, togetherness, and patriotism could threaten traditional values inherited and preserved for a long time. Maintaining culture requires managing, documenting, and disseminating information and knowledge. This could be realized using the sophistication of information and communication technology on the local and national cultural noble values
Babaran Punakawan: Become a Pancasila-Minded Disability in Completing Learning with Character Education
Get PDFRebirth the traits of the Punakawan or Babaran Punakawan character into learning for students with intellectual barriers that are packaged with character education in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum. Babaran Punakawan which is part of Indonesia's cultural heritage has a rich and deep meaning of giving birth to values. Explores how the Punakawan character, despite facing obstacles, is able to embody the spirit of Pancasila in the learning process related to character education. The problem focus of this research development idea is as follows: 1) How can the Punakawan character be used as a suitable model for young people with intellectual disabilities in facing challenges in learning?, 2) How can we effectively integrate the values of Pancasila into character education for people with intellectual disabilities, to help them complete their studies while developing a strong character and the spirit of Pancasila with the character of Punakawan? Using a development research method using a qualitative approach, and thorough observations were made so as to create a learning media that would facilitate learning for students with intellectual disabilities to strengthen character education in their personalities by practicing good character in their daily lives. This research examines the process of cultivating Punakawan characters in people with intellectual disabilities who have the spirit of Pancasila by complementing their learning with character education. Through a qualitative approach, this research aims to explore effective strategies and methods in building the character of Punakawan and integrating Pancasila values in the context of character education for persons with disabilities. The results show that a holistic approach, including social support, differentiation approach, and positive identity reinforcement, has a positive impact on the formation of Punakawan's Godly personality, Pancasila. This research highlights the importance of a diverse approach to character education to ensure that people with disabilities can reach their full potential and make a positive contribution to society
Integrated Disaster Communication of Government Public Relations in Disaster Management of Mount Merapi Eruption, Sleman Regency
Get PDFNatural disaster management requires an integrative communication approach to minimize negative impacts on communities and tourists in at-risk areas, such as the Mount Merapi area. This study discusses the implementation of integrative disaster communication carried out by various parties, including the Sleman Regency BPBD, community institutions, local governments, and the tourism sector. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study method, with primary data collection techniques carried out through FGD and in-depth interviews with the Sleman Regency BPBD which acts as the main coordinator in collecting, managing, and disseminating information during pre-, during, and post-disaster. This study also identifies the role of local communities and non-governmental organizations in disaster mitigation based on local wisdom. Secondary data collection techniques are obtained through internet sources, documents, and related journals. Data analysis techniques use the Mile & Huberman Models, data triangulation is carried out to obtain data validity. The results of the study indicate that integrated coordination between platforms and sectors, supported by effective regulations, is the key to reducing community uncertainty and increasing tourist confidence in disaster management. These findings emphasize the importance of a collaborative and dialogical approach in disaster communication to support sustainable tourism in disaster-prone areas
Comparative Study of Employment Contract and Contracting
Get PDFEmployment contracts and contracting agreements are two types of legal entities pertaining to the lease of persons. Despite their similarities, each has its own specific characteristics that distinguish them from one another. The most important difference lies in the fact that in an employment contract, the worker is entirely subordinate to the employer, whereas this is not the case in a contracting agreement. In the latter, the contractor independently manages the work and delivers it to the client upon completion. This article attempts to highlight the criteria for distinguishing between these two types of agreements and to explain the benefits and outcomes associated with each
Critique and Strategies for Confronting the Political Governance of Modern Ignorance from the Perspective of the Quran
Get PDFThis article seeks to explain the definition of the political governance of modern ignorance. It puts forward the hypothesis that the political governance of modern ignorance aims to eliminate divine governance and separate religion from politics. The method used in this research is interpretative-interrogative. The results obtained in this article indicate that the political governance of modern ignorance, denies and rejects God and revelation in the realm of society and politics. This thought is based on hostility and opposition to divine teachings and follows the desires of the self, arrogance, and sedition. In this study, the foundations of modern ignorance are criticized from the perspective of the Holy Quran, and its invalidity is explained. The Quranic strategies to confront the foundations and behaviors of the political governance of modern ignorance emphasize concepts such as God-centeredness, anti-arrogance, and the intertwining of religion and politics, and in all decisions, approaches, and behaviors, adherence to the commands and prohibitions of the divine word is considered