International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU)
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Papua Stone Burning Tradition in the Perspective of Fine Art Symbolism, Ritual, and Cultural Expression
Full text linkThe tradition of stone burning is one of the traditional rituals on the island of Papua, stone burning is the cultural identity of the Papuan people. This ritual is not only a method of cooking in general but also contains symbolism, rituals, and cultural expressions that are rich in social, spiritual and aesthetic values. This research aims to analyze the tradition of the ritual of stone burning in the perspective of fine art with a focus on elements of symbolism, ritual and cultural expression. Data were obtained from several sources collected from various literatures such as books, articles and related journals. The results of the study show that the tradition of stone burning from the perspective of fine art is not only a tradition of eating together, but this tradition when viewed from symbolism can be interpreted as a very beautiful visual aesthetic in representing the cultural identity and spirituality of the Papuan people. Then the fine art perspective of cultural expression can be realized through installations, visual motifs, or collaborative works that reflect the values of tradition and modernity, and the ritual stage has a rich narrative and can be translated into visual and contemporary art
Reason Behind Teaching Philosophical Mindset to Teachers Given the of Philosophical Mindset Aspects
Full text linkMindful people make wise decisions in scientific, economic, political, social and religious fields and are far from stagnation, deviation and petrification; however, people without a philosophical mind who live solely by using memory, relying on past methods and without thinking cannot analyze situations and choose the best way. Any activity of a teacher in the classroom is formed from a kind of philosophical insight. In every aspect of education, there is an implicit or explicit theory that stands between the teacher and the work he does (Bagheri, 2019). However, this influence on the teacher's work process may not be visible to the teacher himself. Today's educational systems must train forces who are capable of understanding the complex world and are creative and innovative in managing and leading it. Therefore, training thoughtful and creative people requires its own methods. Education can provide a suitable platform and situation for this. In today's world, education in schools must support both self-directed learning and reflection, criticism, and creative thinking in order to fulfill its mission. In this study, the method of document analysis and conceptual analysis was used, and among the three types of analytical methods, which are concept interpretation, conceptualization, and evaluation of concept structure, the concept interpretation method was used. The findings of this study showed that explaining and teaching philosophical mindset and its components among teachers strengthens and develops their capabilities, as a result of which this issue is spread among students
EFL Speaking Classroom in Four Remote High Schools: Exploring the Impacts of EFL Teachers’ Speaking Competence to Their Speaking Instructional Practices
Full text linkThis study was to determine to explore the impact of EFL teachers' speaking competence on their speaking instructional practices in schools located in tourist destinations and remote areas in Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The research design was a case study conducted at four remote high schools in Bantul. Data sources included classroom observations and interviews with four English teachers. The research instruments consisted of observation checklist and guided interviews. The findings revealed that teachers' speaking competence influences their teaching speaking. The competence also influences their speaking instruction in the classroom. In conclusion, teachers who have good competence in speaking can provide impacts in the learning process. Teachers can be models of language used effectively, provide valuable feedback, optimize role-playing activities, improve students' speaking and vocabulary skills, and motivate students to be able to deliver effective instructions in their speaking process.
Comparative Study of Criminal Protection of the Rights of Future Generations in Iranian Criminal Law and International Documents
Full text linkThe rights of future generations are one of the important topics of intergenerational justice; By that, the natural resources that have been inherited from the previous generation to the current generation are transferred to the future generation; Worrying about the rights of future generations is the common pain of all humanity, and this research is necessary for this reason. Indiscriminate use of natural resources, in addition to its effects and unfortunate consequences on the current generation, causes concerns for The future generations have also become so that in this regard, the international assemblies consider it their duty to recognize the rights of the future generations and take an important step to protect them, first of all, the concept of the rights of the future generations by approving the United Nations Charter of 1945 and then by issuing a declaration Stockholm entered international law in 1972, which was discussed in binding and non-binding documents, and as a result, it entered the domestic law of some countries. But in the meantime, some believe that Iran's criminal law has not paid attention to the future generations. In this research, we are trying to investigate this issue and answer the question whether Iran's criminal law has paid attention to the rights of future generations or not. Based on the findings of this research, which was written in a descriptive and analytical method, there are clearly principles of the constitution and other special laws, including articles of the Islamic Penal Code, dedicated to the rights of future generations
Ensuring Legal Protection for Fixed-Term Workers Terminated Before Contract Expiration: Upholding the Principle of Justice
Full text linkTermination of employment (PHK) of workers with a fixed-term employment agreement (PKWT) before the end of the contract period is a complex problem, especially in the context of legal protection. This study aims to analyze the ratio legis regulation of compensation and damages obligations for PKWT workers who are laid off before the end of the contract period and to develop a concept of legal protection based on the principle of justice. This study uses a normative research method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The theoretical approaches used include the theory of the welfare state law, the theory of legal protection, and the theory of legal objectives. The study results indicate that the ratio legis regulation of compensation and damages obligations aims to provide legal certainty for PKWT workers in a vulnerable position. Although Article 62 of Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower regulates compensation in the amount of wages until the end of the contract period, this provision conflicts with Article 17 of PP No. 35 of 2021 which regulates the obligation to provide compensation. This conflict of norms creates legal uncertainty that has the potential to harm workers. The concept of legal protection for PKWT workers must be based on the principle of justice that emphasizes the balance of rights and obligations between workers and employers. This protection includes the provision of rights to compensation, severance pay, and sosial security that are fair and proportional. The principle of equal protection is important to ensure that the rights of PKWT workers are equal to those of permanent workers in the context of layoffs before the end of the contract. This study concludes that the regulation of legal protection for PKWT workers requires harmonization of regulations to ensure legal certainty and justice in accordance with the principles of labor law.
Criminal Liability of Political Parties in Corruption Offenses
Full text linkPolitical parties play a strategic role in advancing democracy; however, they face various issues that negatively impact these organizations. The primary issues include, first, the involvement of political parties in various corruption cases, which diminishes their public image and trust; second, the legal debates surrounding the criminal liability of political parties implicated in corruption; and third, the challenge of imposing criminal sanctions on political parties or corporations recognized as legal entities involved in corruption offenses. Establishing political parties or legal entities as legal subjects provides a foundation for categorizing them as liable under the Anti-Corruption Law and the National Criminal Code. Philosophically, the justification here is the concept of legal personality that validates political parties or corporations as legal subjects. Sanctions may be imposed if a political party is proven guilty of corruption, referencing Articles 46 and 47 of the National Criminal Code. Article 20(7) of the Anti-Corruption Law also supports the imposition of fines as a primary punishment with an additional one-third increase on the maximum penalty. This responsibility is grounded in Article 20 of the Anti-Corruption Law, which specifies the accountability of corporations and/or their management. The findings suggest that judges should consider the trial’s legal evidence, demonstrating the benefits political parties gained from the crime, to justify their criminal liability. Additionally, legislators should revise current laws related to the criminal liability of political parties as corporate entities
Historical Analysis of the Conflict Between Palestine and Israel and Its Relation to Islamic Law and International Law
Full text linkThis analysis explores the history of the ongoing conflict between the State of Palestine and Israel, focusing on aspects of Islamic law and related international law. This conflict, which originated from territorial disputes and historical rights, has involved various political, economic, and social aspects. At the level of international law, this study examines the implementation of UN resolutions and regional agreements that have been formulated to resolve this conflict. Meanwhile, its relation to Islamic law is analyzed through the principles of sharia law that may be the basis for resolving the conflict. By combining the perspectives of international law and Islamic law, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of the existing legal framework in dealing with the conflict. In addition, this study also evaluates the impact of the conflict on human rights and regional stability. The results of this analysis are expected to provide in-depth insight into the conflict between the State of Palestine and Israel, as well as stimulate further discussion on settlement efforts that are in accordance with the principles of law that apply internationally and in the context of Islamic law
PT. Cosmotech Multi Mandiri Branding Strategy to Increase International Cooperation with PT Metoo Beauty International
Full text linkTo understand and communicate a brand to consumers requires a branding strategy. A branding strategy can help build and realize long-term goals in a business. The branding strategy implemented by PT Cosmotech Multi Mandiri is by collaborating with Chinese companies. This study aimed to determine the branding strategy, obstacles in implementing the branding strategy, and the results of implementing the branding strategy at PT Cosmotech Multi Mandiri using SWOT analysis techniques. This research was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods. The results of this study are the branding strategy carried out by PT Cosmotech Multi Mandiri, namely through social media, such as Instagram, Facebook, Youtube, and the website, and the development of Dianika Skincare. The obstacles faced by the company during the branding strategy are the lack of variety of branding strategies implemented by PT Cosmotech Multi Mandiri and the competition between the branding strategies that PT Cosmotech Multi Mandiri has implemented with other companies. The results of implementing a branding strategy are that many potential customers come to collaborate after seeing the published branding strategy, developing new consumer products as a sense of satisfaction in the collaboration process; Instagram, Youtube, and Website social media branding strategies are more likely to attract consumers, and Facebook branding strategies and the development of Skincare Dianika as the Company's Original Product have little chance of attracting consumers
Transformation and Commodification of the Meras Gandrung Ritual Culture as a Cultural Identity of Banyuwangi
Full text linkMeras Gandrung is a ritual carried out by the Banyuwangi community to mark the readiness to become a Gandrung dancer. Along with the development of the times, the Meras Gandrung ritual has undergone a process of transformation and commodification which has more or less shifted several aspects of the Meras Gandrung ritual. The purpose of this study is to describe the Meras Gandrung ritual, the transformation that occurs in the Meras Gandrung ritual and the commodification that occurs in the Meras Gandrung ritual. This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological research type. Data collection techniques through unstructured interviews, observations and relevant literature reviews. The results of this study indicate that the Meras Gandrung ritual is part of the culture in Banyuwangi as a sign that a Gandrung dancer is ready to become a Gandrung dancer and enter society. Everyone can become a Gandrung dancer but not everyone can become Gandrung. The Meras Gandrung ritual is a sign that someone has gone through various processes and is ready to graduate as a Gandrung dancer. The Meras Gandrung ritual has undergone a transformation along with the development of the times. The transformation process includes the learning process of prospective Gandrung and the shifting function of the Meras Gandrung ritual. Not only undergoing transformation, the Meras Gandrung ritual also undergoes commodification. The commodification process makes the Meras Gandrung ritual a commercial performance. Commodification in the context of the Banyuwangi Meras Gandrung ritual refers to the process in which the cultural practice becomes an object for commercial or marketing purposes.
A Comparative Study of the Question of Honor in Sadegh Chubak’s Tangsir and Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mocking Bird
Full text linkThis comparative study endeavors to analyze the question of honor and the means through which it is gained or restored in two novels chosen from two apparently distant territories and nations ; i.e. , Sadegh Chubak’s Tangsir and To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. This study analyzes the process through which the protagonists of both novels find themselves entangled in the controversial web of maintaining honor which has been either lost or on the verge of being lost with unbearable consequences. Both novels are contextualized and the embedded images and symbols are analyzed in this paper