International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU)
Not a member yet
3217 research outputs found
Sort by
Political–Security Strategies for Conflict Resolution in Pakistan Based on Maximum Participation According to the Jurisprudence of Ahl al-Bayt
Full text linkGrounded in the jurisprudential foundations of the Ahl al-Bayt (Shi‘i legal tradition), this article formulates a political–security strategy of “maximal participation and acceptance of outcomes” to mitigate and resolve political conflicts in Pakistan. Using a descriptive–analytical method and library sources, the study first clarifies the concepts of strategy and conflict, then maps the main types of conflicts—political, cultural, and economic—within Pakistan’s context. The proposed framework rests on three pillars: political system efficiency, trust-building between state and society, and the enhancement of public satisfaction. It argues that theologically rooted principles—God-centered governance, rule of law, justice, equality, and non-violence—can transform adversarial competition into constructive participation. The paper’s contribution is an operational set of indicators for assessing maximal participation (e.g., transparency, accountability, social security, and distributive justice) and linking them to policy–security mechanisms for de-escalation. Findings suggest that when broad-based participation is coupled with institutional effectiveness and mutual trust, cycles of political instability are likely to diminish and pathways for stable governance and dispute resolution expand
Central Papua Government Policy on Forest Protection in Nabire Regency in the Perspective of Environmental Security
Full text linkThis research explores the Central Papua Government's measures related to forest protection in Nabire Regency from an environmental security perspective. The forest in Nabire, located in Central Papua, is an important ecosystem that has exceptional biodiversity and serves as a major source of livelihood and income for local communities. However, it is under serious threat from illegal logging, land conversion, and industrial exploitation including oil palm plantations and mining, with indigenous communities often sidelined in decision-making processes. The Central Papua Provincial Government has implemented a number of conservation policies, including forest rehabilitation, tree replanting, and partnerships with local communities and non-governmental organizations, to maintain forest sustainability and improve community welfare conditions. This research applies the environmental security framework and green theory to evaluate how effective these policies are in protecting environmental security as well as the rights of indigenous peoples. The findings of this analysis show that active government involvement and collaboration with indigenous peoples are essential to reduce the rate of forest destruction, although challenges in implementation on the ground are still very significant, especially related to law enforcement and capacity building of indigenous peoples
Ethical Challenges of Development in Organization from Islam Perspective
Full text linkThe ethical challenges of development in organizations from the perspective of Islam are complex, persistent, and emerging issues that each society and organization must seek to understand, analyze, and explain in accordance with their culture, values, and ethical standards. This article, using thematic analysis research methodology, attempts to identify the ethical challenges of development in organizations from an Islamic perspective. After extensive examination of Islamic sources, the researcher has determined that the ethical challenges of development in organizations from an Islamic perspective can be categorized under more than 120 fundamental themes at three levels: belief, behavior, and organizational structure. These challenges are identified as anti-development themes. Challenges at the belief level include fatalism, condemnation of worldly life, asceticism, contentment, patience, acceptance and submission, superstition, nostalgia, ancestor worship, and rigid traditionalism. Anti-development behaviors include dogmatism, violence, sectarianism, political movements, internal discord, fragmentation, tribalism, apathy, negligence, and resistance to modernization. Anti-development structures consist of authoritarianism, totalitarianism, and centralized governance. The most significant challenges contributing to the lack of development and progress in organizations and societies are: at the belief level -condemnation of worldly life, fatalism, superstition, nostalgia, and rigid traditionalism; at the behavioral level -dogmatism, violence, negligence, resistance to modernization, and tribalism; and at the structural level -authoritarianism, totalitarianism, and centralized governance, which have played a major role in the underdevelopment of organizations in Islamic countries
The Relationship Between Numeracy and Mathematics Self-Efficacy of Senior High School Students in Pekalongan Regency
Full text linkThis study aims to describe the numeracy profile and mathematics self-efficacy (MSE) of high school students in Pekalongan Regency based on school strata and examine the relationship between the two. The study used a quantitative survey method with 366 grade 11 students selected through stratified proportional random sampling. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, correlation, crosstab and chi-square. The results showed that students' numeracy was in the basic category, with significant differences between school strata (p < 0.05). Students' MSE is in the moderate category, with the strength dimension as the highest achievement. There was a significant positive relationship between numeracy and MSE (r = 0.407, p < 0.05), as well as a linear relationship between numeracy and MSE categories with = 49.626 (p < 0.05). This study underscores the importance of educational interventions to improve numeracy and MSE simultaneously
Feminism Movement as a Catalyst for Democratization in Iran 2022-2024
Full text linkIn this research analyzes how the women's movement in Iran between 2022 and 2024 served as a catalyst in the process towards democracy in the country. The beginning of the movement's revival began after the death of Mahsa Amini, which sparked massive protests led by women with the cry "Women, Life, Freedom." The movement not only calls for freedom of dress, but also fights for broader human rights, including the right to expression, political involvement, and legal justice. With a qualitative approach and using the theoretical frameworks of Islamic feminism and participatory democracy, the research assesses the various forms of resistance perpetrated by women, from street demonstrations to online campaigns and legal advocacy, as well as the repressive response of the Iranian government that includes detention, torture, and execution. This research also explores how religious understanding contributes to the sustainability of patriarchal domination and how Islamic feminists such as Amina Wadud counter this with a more equitable and inclusive hermeneutic approach. In the context of state imposed repression, support from the international community, including Western countries and human rights institutions, strengthens the success of this movement as part of the global effort towards democracy and gender equality. The selection of the 2022–2024 period is based on the momentum of the women's movement resurgence following the death of Mahsa Amini, which marked a significant transformation in the trajectory of feminist struggles as a catalyst for democratization in Iran. The analysis shows that the feminism movement in Iran has been instrumental in driving significant socio political change and has created more opportunities for women to be involved in the public sphere. With the active involvement of women in fighting for their rights and freedoms, this movement shows that democracy cannot be realized without the presence of women as key actors in the process of change
Development of Augmented Reality Book Media Containing Cultural Diversity to Improve Global Diversity Insights of 5th Grade Elementary School Students
Full text linkThis study aimed to develop an Augmented Reality Book (AR Book) containing cultural diversity content to enhance fifth-grade students’ global multicultural awareness. The development employed the ADDIE model, involving validation by material and media experts, limited trials (one-to-one, small group, and field trials), and an effectiveness test using a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design. The AR Book was validated as feasible (material expert = 80.9%, media expert = 90%) and rated very practical by both teachers and students (>90%). Effectiveness testing involved SD Negeri 17 Badau (experimental) and SD Negeri 15 Badau (control). The experimental class, which used the AR Book, showed an increase from an average score of 75.45 to 89.60 (N-Gain = 0.526, medium), while the control class increased from 70.45 to 77.18 (N-Gain = 0.301, low to medium). Independent and paired sample t-tests confirmed significant differences (p < 0.05). Qualitative findings also indicated high student engagement, enthusiasm, and interaction. These results demonstrate that the AR Book is a feasible, practical, and effective medium that not only improves academic achievement but also fosters multicultural awareness, aligning with the goals of Civic Education and the Pancasila Student Profile
The Persona and Shadow of Young Hye in Han Kang’s Novel Vegetarian
Full text linkThis article analyzes the character Young Hye in Han Kang's novel Vegetarian using Carl Gustav Jung's literary psychology approach, specifically the concepts of persona and shadow archetypes. The purpose of this study is to identify the dynamics of Young Hye's personality based on three narrative perspectives. The method used is qualitative research with literature study techniques. The results show a tension between the suppressed social persona and the shadow that emerges through bodily resistance. The conclusion of this study highlights an identity crisis resulting from the conflict between social structure and the unconscious mind
AI and the Future of Islamic Pedagogy: Developing an Ethical Framework for Hybrid Religious Learning
Full text linkThis study aims to describe the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in religious learning at Syech Yusuf Integrated Islamic Elementary School in South Sangatta, analyze the application of Islamic ethical values in the interaction between teachers, students, and technology, and develop an ethical framework that can serve as a guide for the use of AI in Islamic pedagogy at the elementary education level. This study uses a qualitative case study method with an ethnopedagogical approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with teachers and school administrators, and documentation analysis. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns of application of Islamic ethical values in AI-based learning. The results show that AI technologies, such as a speech recognition-based Qur'an memorization application, an automated assessment system, and a learning dashboard, are used effectively as pedagogical aids without diminishing the central role of teachers. Teachers act as ethical mediators who ensure AI practices remain aligned with maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, particularly in fostering the values of adab (moral behavior), amanah (responsibility), and ihsan (spiritual excellence). This research produces an "Integrative Islamic Ethical AI Framework" built on three key principles: Digital Adab, Digital Amanah (Trust), and Digital Maslahah (welfare). This framework demonstrates how AI can improve learning efficiency while maintaining spiritual accountability through the concept of muraqabatullah (the divinely-approved principle), which is the digital awareness that technology use is under divine supervision. Theoretically, this study expands the discourse on Islamic ethics in using AI in education. At the same time, practically, it offers a model for faith-based schools to build an AI-assisted learning ecosystem that is equitable, inclusive, and grounded in spiritual values
The Contribution of Sumbanese Migrant Construction Workers in Denpasar
Full text linkThis research examines the significant contribution of the Sumbanese people who migrated to Denpasar Island in supporting the city's infrastructure development. The phenomenon of Sumbanese migration to Denpasar in the late 90s is increasing. This is due to the rapid growth of infrastructure that drives the economy and supports tourism in Denpasar, Bali. The presence of Sumbanese people in Denpasar contributes to the economic and housing development there. Qualitative research, incorporating sources from observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies, reveals that Sumbanese labour with expertise in basic construction is in high demand among foremen who recruit it directly from Sumba to Denpasar. In addition, Sumbanese labour can also meet the needs of the service sector and domestic assistants. This research discusses how this migration is a solution to the economic limitations of the Sumbanese community and how it impacts the economy in Denpasar and Sumba. They send their remittances to Sumba to improve the standard of living of their families in Sumba. Even after gaining work experience in Denpasar and returning to Sumba, new job opportunities can arise there. However, their presence in Denpasar must also face adaptation challenges. Therefore, collaborative efforts are needed between the local government of East Nusa Tenggara, especially Sumba, and the Denpasar City government to improve the workforce's welfare and quality of life so that they can contribute positively to sustainable development in Denpasar City
Perception, Animo, and Expectations Towards the Development of Regional Language, Literature, and Culture
Full text linkBased on a survey conducted by the Language and Book Development Agency, Ministry of Education and Culture conducted from 1991 to 2019, Indonesia has 718 regional languages. This linguistic richness has given birth to a wealth of literature and culture (Saphir Whorf's Theory of Language Relativity). The richness of language, literature, and culture needs to be preserved and developed to achieve progress (Law No. 5 of 2017). That is why FBSB UNY opened a Doctoral Study Program in Language, Literature, and Regional Culture FBSB UNY which received an operational permit in 2024. As a new study program and predicted to be futuristic to advance regional languages, literature, and culture in Indonesia, it is necessary to explore how much enthusiasm and perception of the academic community towards the advancement of language, literature, and culture, their interest in becoming scientists of language, literature, and regional culture and their hopes for the advancement (development) of regional languages, literature, and culture. The research used an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional approach. The research subjects were 119 lecturers in charge of language, literature, and regional culture, IKADBUDI, ADISABDA, and various lecturers, researchers, and reviewers of various inter-, multi-, and transdisciplinary sciences who are members of APEBSKID. The instrument was a questionnaire developed using Google Forms. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended and open-ended questions. Validation was carried out using construct validity and peer discussion. Analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics. The results showed that 57% had very high perceptions, enthusiasm, and expectations or strongly agreed, 36% had high perceptions, enthusiasm, and expectations or agreed, and 7% had less perceptions, enthusiasm, and expectations. With these results, it is hoped that input to Basatrada S3 will increase, as it comes from all over Indonesia, and the 2024 survey found that Indonesia has 720 regional languages. Collaboration with Language Centers throughout Indonesia is necessary. Therefore, more intensive socialization and promotion are needed