International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU)
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The Relationship Between Numeracy and Mathematics Self-Efficacy of Senior High School Students in Pekalongan Regency
Get PDFThis study aims to describe the numeracy profile and mathematics self-efficacy (MSE) of high school students in Pekalongan Regency based on school strata and examine the relationship between the two. The study used a quantitative survey method with 366 grade 11 students selected through stratified proportional random sampling. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, correlation, crosstab and chi-square. The results showed that students' numeracy was in the basic category, with significant differences between school strata (p < 0.05). Students' MSE is in the moderate category, with the strength dimension as the highest achievement. There was a significant positive relationship between numeracy and MSE (r = 0.407, p < 0.05), as well as a linear relationship between numeracy and MSE categories with = 49.626 (p < 0.05). This study underscores the importance of educational interventions to improve numeracy and MSE simultaneously
Feminism Movement as a Catalyst for Democratization in Iran 2022-2024
Get PDFIn this research analyzes how the women's movement in Iran between 2022 and 2024 served as a catalyst in the process towards democracy in the country. The beginning of the movement's revival began after the death of Mahsa Amini, which sparked massive protests led by women with the cry "Women, Life, Freedom." The movement not only calls for freedom of dress, but also fights for broader human rights, including the right to expression, political involvement, and legal justice. With a qualitative approach and using the theoretical frameworks of Islamic feminism and participatory democracy, the research assesses the various forms of resistance perpetrated by women, from street demonstrations to online campaigns and legal advocacy, as well as the repressive response of the Iranian government that includes detention, torture, and execution. This research also explores how religious understanding contributes to the sustainability of patriarchal domination and how Islamic feminists such as Amina Wadud counter this with a more equitable and inclusive hermeneutic approach. In the context of state imposed repression, support from the international community, including Western countries and human rights institutions, strengthens the success of this movement as part of the global effort towards democracy and gender equality. The selection of the 2022–2024 period is based on the momentum of the women's movement resurgence following the death of Mahsa Amini, which marked a significant transformation in the trajectory of feminist struggles as a catalyst for democratization in Iran. The analysis shows that the feminism movement in Iran has been instrumental in driving significant socio political change and has created more opportunities for women to be involved in the public sphere. With the active involvement of women in fighting for their rights and freedoms, this movement shows that democracy cannot be realized without the presence of women as key actors in the process of change
Development of Augmented Reality Book Media Containing Cultural Diversity to Improve Global Diversity Insights of 5th Grade Elementary School Students
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop an Augmented Reality Book (AR Book) containing cultural diversity content to enhance fifth-grade students’ global multicultural awareness. The development employed the ADDIE model, involving validation by material and media experts, limited trials (one-to-one, small group, and field trials), and an effectiveness test using a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design. The AR Book was validated as feasible (material expert = 80.9%, media expert = 90%) and rated very practical by both teachers and students (>90%). Effectiveness testing involved SD Negeri 17 Badau (experimental) and SD Negeri 15 Badau (control). The experimental class, which used the AR Book, showed an increase from an average score of 75.45 to 89.60 (N-Gain = 0.526, medium), while the control class increased from 70.45 to 77.18 (N-Gain = 0.301, low to medium). Independent and paired sample t-tests confirmed significant differences (p < 0.05). Qualitative findings also indicated high student engagement, enthusiasm, and interaction. These results demonstrate that the AR Book is a feasible, practical, and effective medium that not only improves academic achievement but also fosters multicultural awareness, aligning with the goals of Civic Education and the Pancasila Student Profile
The Persona and Shadow of Young Hye in Han Kang’s Novel Vegetarian
Get PDFThis article analyzes the character Young Hye in Han Kang's novel Vegetarian using Carl Gustav Jung's literary psychology approach, specifically the concepts of persona and shadow archetypes. The purpose of this study is to identify the dynamics of Young Hye's personality based on three narrative perspectives. The method used is qualitative research with literature study techniques. The results show a tension between the suppressed social persona and the shadow that emerges through bodily resistance. The conclusion of this study highlights an identity crisis resulting from the conflict between social structure and the unconscious mind
AI and the Future of Islamic Pedagogy: Developing an Ethical Framework for Hybrid Religious Learning
Get PDFThis study aims to describe the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in religious learning at Syech Yusuf Integrated Islamic Elementary School in South Sangatta, analyze the application of Islamic ethical values in the interaction between teachers, students, and technology, and develop an ethical framework that can serve as a guide for the use of AI in Islamic pedagogy at the elementary education level. This study uses a qualitative case study method with an ethnopedagogical approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with teachers and school administrators, and documentation analysis. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns of application of Islamic ethical values in AI-based learning. The results show that AI technologies, such as a speech recognition-based Qur'an memorization application, an automated assessment system, and a learning dashboard, are used effectively as pedagogical aids without diminishing the central role of teachers. Teachers act as ethical mediators who ensure AI practices remain aligned with maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, particularly in fostering the values of adab (moral behavior), amanah (responsibility), and ihsan (spiritual excellence). This research produces an "Integrative Islamic Ethical AI Framework" built on three key principles: Digital Adab, Digital Amanah (Trust), and Digital Maslahah (welfare). This framework demonstrates how AI can improve learning efficiency while maintaining spiritual accountability through the concept of muraqabatullah (the divinely-approved principle), which is the digital awareness that technology use is under divine supervision. Theoretically, this study expands the discourse on Islamic ethics in using AI in education. At the same time, practically, it offers a model for faith-based schools to build an AI-assisted learning ecosystem that is equitable, inclusive, and grounded in spiritual values
Examining the Impact of the Stock Market on Investment and Economic Growth in Germany
Get PDFAccording to a number of economic thinkers, the "stock market" and especially the "stock market" are very important and influential issues for investment and economic growth in the present era. This issue is important because investment and achieving economic growth require resources and financing. Many investors face a lack or shortage of resources, for which various solutions have been proposed in the economy, including stock market transactions, and for nearly a century, the "stock market" has been considered a suitable market for meeting financial needs. This research seeks to answer the question of whether the "stock market" plays a role in providing capital for investment and economic growth in Germany? If the answer is yes, this research is library-based in terms of citation, descriptive-analytical in terms of data, and statistical in terms of data. In this research, the statistics of the stock market index and national income during the years 2003 to 2024 have been regressed with the Eviews software. The findings of the study indicate that the “German Stock Exchange Market” has played a valuable role in investment, and investment in economic growth. In this market, stray capital is collected and ultimately made available to investors through the sale of shares
Reconstruction of Public Interest Interpretation in Land Acquisition for Tourism Areas Under Indonesia’s Post-Job Creation Law Framework
Get PDFLand is a fundamental resource crucial to economic and social activities. Land ownership and utilization policies directly impact its value, production potential, and social justice. One perspective holds that property rights protect vulnerable groups, ensuring their safety from displacement. In Indonesia, land regulation is grounded in Article 33, paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, which mandates state control over land to yield the greatest benefit for the people. However, the enactment of Law No. 6 of 2023 has broadened the definition of "public interest," raising concerns about its effects on land acquisition in tourism areas. This study explores the legal framework governing land acquisition and the shifting meaning of public interest, especially in the post-Omnibus Law era. Employing a normative legal research approach with a descriptive qualitative method, this study utilizes secondary data to analyze emerging regulatory challenges. The findings indicate that the wide interpretation of public interest could lead to potential misuse, impacting local communities and indigenous groups. Strengthening regulatory oversight and ensuring community participation in decision-making are crucial for balancing national development goals with social and environmental sustainability. In the long term, revising Law No. 6 of 2023 is essential to provide better legal protection for affected communities, prevent excessive land commercialization, and uphold the principles of agrarian justice. This research provides a critical perspective on the evolution of land policy, stressing participatory governance and legislative reform to enhance protection for all stakeholders involved
Methods of Formation and Development of Leadership Skills in Young People
Get PDFThis study is devoted to the study of ways to increase the personal and social potential of young people in the process of formation and development of leadership skills. The importance of leadership skills for young people plays an important role in the development of society, implementation of innovations and effective management of future generations. The research examines the theoretical foundations of leadership, psychological characteristics, as well as methods of developing abilities through educational institutions and the family environment. Methods of motivating young people, developing teamwork skills, decision-making, time management and creative thinking using modern technologies and online platforms are also covered. The results of the study help to identify effective approaches to developing leadership skills among young people and offer practical recommendations
Transforming Medical Education: The Impact of Flipped Classrooms on the Reading Comprehension of Iranian ESP Students
No full textTraditional teacher-centred methods in medical education often lead to passive learning, hindering students' engagement with complex clinical scenarios. This study examines the flipped classroom model's effect on reading comprehension among Iranian medical students, comparing it to traditional lecture-based methods and assessing its impact across different proficiency levels. A mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was employed, involving 100 first-year medical students divided into flipped classroom and traditional lecture groups. Quantitative data were collected using the TOEFL ITP Reading Comprehension test, administered before and after the intervention, and analyzed through independent samples t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. Qualitative data were gathered via semi-structured interviews with 15 participants and analyzed using grounded theory. Results indicated that the flipped classroom group achieved significantly higher post-intervention scores compared to the traditional group, with intermediate-proficiency learners benefiting most. However, low-proficiency students showed no significant improvement, suggesting that the intervention's benefits are influenced by baseline skill levels. Qualitative themes highlighted enhanced engagement, collaborative learning, and challenges with self-regulation and cognitive load, particularly among low-proficiency students. These findings underscore the flipped classroom's potential to improve reading comprehension in medical education, especially for intermediate learners, while emphasizing the need for tailored support to address self-regulation and cognitive load challenges for low-proficiency students. The study advocates for adopting flipped instruction in medical education, complemented by strategies such as tiered resources and metacognitive training, to optimize learning outcomes and better prepare future healthcare professionals
Analysis of Students Errors in Using WH Questions
Get PDFThe objective of this research are; 1). To identify students’ errors in forming WH questions. 2). To describe the challenges students face when learning English WH questions. The data collection tehniques used were; class observation, interview, and documentation. Researcher used qualitative methods. Qualitative analysis includes transcription and examination of audio recordings as well as examining the results of student worksheets, using thematic analysis to detect and analyze errors made by grade IX (ninth) students when creating WH questions. As for the research obtained there are several errors were found from some of the questions given, namely: there is no auxiliary verb before the subject, the wrong preposition, such as the verb "wait" requires the preposition "for," writing some vocabulary that is not right, wrong in translation, sentences that are not accurate in the context of time, and the use of verbs that are not appropriate. Additionally, there are several things that make students find it difficult to make WH questions, include student language background, lack of auxiliary, lack of practical experience, and cause of cultural and cognitive barriers