International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU)
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The Role of the Judge's Knowledge in Proving the Crime with the Approach of Comparative Jurisprudence with an Emphasis on the Law of Afghanistan
Full text linkThe knowledge of the judge as one of the evidences to prove the claim and the ways of establishing the crime is the Islamic jurisprudence and law, and since the main origin of the relevant laws of Afghanistan is jurisprudence, it was necessary that the basis and scope of the knowledge of the judge and the quality of citing and issuing judgments according to It should be examined from a jurisprudential and legal point of view. The purpose of this research is to analyze jurisprudential data based on comparative jurisprudence and the procedures of the Afghan legal system in the field of validity of the knowledge of the judge by adopting the analytical descriptive research method. The research findings show that the famous opinion of Imamiyya jurists has become famous among jurists by citing rational and narrative evidence (verses, narrations, and consensus) on the acceptance of the judge's knowledge in proving the crime. Of course, the infallible Imam (a.s.) can rule according to his knowledge, but there is a difference of opinion among the jurists about the non-infallible judge. Some of the jurists, who may be famous, think that the judge in all crimes, including the rights of God, such as Adultery, and theft, and the rights of the slave, such as retribution and Qazf, can act according to their knowledge. The famous opinion of late Sunni jurists is that the judge's knowledge is not valid regarding the right of God and the right of the servant. However, in the expressions of some modern and contemporary Sunni scholars as well as the position of the Afghan legal system, the validity of the judge's knowledge is used in the cases in which he gained knowledge. Because; Compared to other proofs, this science is stronger than the science obtained through other methods of proof
Addressing Barriers to English Language Learning: Insights from Teachers in a Rural West Nusa Tenggara School
Full text linkThis study examines the barriers to English language learning in rural Indonesian school, with focus on a Junior High School in Sumbawa Island. Using a qualitative method, data were collected through interviews and classroom observations. Thematic analysis revealed several key barriers, including low student motivation, inadequate learning resources, challenges with pronunciation, limited exposure to English, and restricted vocabulary development. These obstacles impede students’ proficiency in in English, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. In response, teachers have implemented innovative strategies such as 1) Enhancing student motivation and engagement; 2) Utilizing teacher's voice for listening activities; 3) Incorporating body language and gestures to facilitate understandin
Civic Culture in a Multi-Religious Society: A Case Study of the Sekaran Community
Full text linkThis article discusses the role of civic culture in the context of a multi-religious society, using a case study of the community in Sekaran Village, located in Kayen Kidul Subdistrict, Kediri Regency, East Java Province. The people of Sekaran represent the social reality of Indonesia, where various religions and beliefs coexist harmoniously. This research aims to explore how civic culture plays a key role in fostering tolerance, cooperation, and social integration amidst religious diversity. The research method used is a qualitative approach through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and content analysis of both primary and secondary data. The findings show that the Sekaran community possesses a strong civic culture, reflected in inclusive attitudes, mutual respect, and a spirit of communal cooperation (gotong royong). Interfaith collaboration in daily activities such as religious ceremonies, traditional rituals, and social events strengthens the sense of unity and togetherness among community members
Legal Implications of the Merger Policy of Bank Mandiri Syariah, Bni Syariah and Bri Syariah into Bank BSI
Full text linkThe merger of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI), which resulted from the combination of three Islamic banks owned by Himbara, aims to strengthen the structure and improve efficiency in the Islamic banking system in Indonesia. However, this process brings legal challenges relating to contractual alignment, data protection, and compliance with sharia principles. This study aims to (1) assess the extent to which the BSI merger complies with applicable laws, (2) identify legal issues that arise during and after the merger process, and (3) formulate a legal approach to risk management. The methodology used in this research is a juridical-normative approach, through analysis of regulations and documents related to the merger. The results of the analysis show that harmonization of contracts based on DSN-MUI fatwa is very important, as well as the need for the establishment of a compliance unit that has cross-sector functions. Customer data integration requires a system capable of protecting data and regulating technology in accordance with the PDP Law and POJK 6/2022. Therefore, it can be concluded that the management of the BSI merger must be based on the principles of prudence, transparency, and strengthening integrated sharia governance to support stability in the Islamic financial system at the national level
Integrating Multiple Intelligences into Project-Based Learning: Its Potential to Enhance Students’ Mathematical Literacy and Curiosity
Full text linkMathematical literacy and curiosity have become essential competencies for the increasingly complex and dynamic demands of the 21st century. These competencies can be developed through mathematics learning by selecting an appropriate learning approach. One of the approaches currently recommended is the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) approach. However, effective learning should also consider students’ diverse intelligence tendencies, known as Multiple Intelligences (MI). This article employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. In this review, the researcher systematically collected journal articles from the Scopus, ProQuest, ERIC, and Google Scholar databases. The reviewed articles were limited to publications from 2016 to 2025. From the search results, twenty articles most relevant to the research keywords were carefully selected. These articles were identified and analyzed to examine the potential of mathematics learning through Multiple Intelligences-based Project-Based Learning in enhancing students’ mathematical literacy and curiosity. Based on a synthesis of theoretical perspectives and supported by relevant empirical findings, it can be concluded that Multiple Intelligences-based Project-Based Learning has strong potential to improve students’ mathematical literacy and foster their curiosity
The Effectiveness of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in Improving Students’ Numeracy Skills and Learning Motivation in Junior High School
Full text linkThis study aims to describe the effectiveness of contextual and scientific learning in improving students’ numeracy skills and learning motivation in material of SPLDV in junior high school. This research is a quasi-experiment with pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The population in this study was grade VIII junior high school students in Mukomuko, Bengkulu, Indonesia. The samples in this study were students of class VIII A as the experimental and students of class VIII B as the control class. The instruments used in the research was numeracy skill test and learning motivation questionnaire. Data was analyzed using for one sample, followed by one sample t-test. Then data was analyzed using for two independent samples, followed by an independent sample t-test. The results showed that: (1) contextual learning (CTL) was effective in improving students’ numeracy skills and motivation on the material of SPLDV in junior high school, (2) scientific learning was not effective in improving students’ numeracy skills and learning motivation on the material of SPLDV in junior high school, and (3) the differences in effectiveness type of learning occur in numeracy skills, with contextual learning better for improving students' numeracy skills
The Role of Principal Leadership and Teacher Performance in Improving the Graduate Quality
Full text linkPrincipal leadership plays an important role in formulating a vision, and mission, and creating a conducive learning environment, which is oriented towards improving student learning outcomes. This study aims to (1) describe principal leadership, teacher performance, and graduate quality of Nurul Hakim Islamic Junior High School, (2) Analyze the role of principal leadership in improving the quality of graduates of Nurul Hakim Islamic Junior High School, (3) analyze the role of teacher performance in improving the graduate quality of Nurul Hakim Islamic Junior High School. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. The location of the study was Nurul Hakim Islamic Junior High School. Data and information were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The research informants consisted of the principal and teachers. Data analysis used triangulation. The study results showed that (1) the principal implemented visionary leadership and role model leadership to operate Nurul Hakim Islamic Junior High School. Teachers showed good performance at school because they were able to adapt teaching methods that were appropriate to students' needs and were able to create an effective teaching and learning process. The graduate quality has increased, both in terms of academics and non-academically. (2) The leadership role of the principal as an educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, and motivator has proven to be able to improve graduate quality. (3) Teacher performance also plays a key role in improving the graduate quality. This is evident from the competence of teachers who can adapt teaching methods that are appropriate to the needs of students, and they could create an effective teaching and learning process. This achievement is supported through the optimization of educators by providing facilities for professional education, teacher religious studies, MGMP, workshops, and education seminars
Effectiveness of Constitutional Implementation in the National Legal System: Analysis of the Gap between Principles and Reality
Full text linkThis study examines the effectiveness of constitutional implementation in national legal systems with a focus on the gap between principles and reality. The constitution, as a fundamental document that regulates governance and citizens' rights, serves as a normative foundation for the legal system. However, in practice, there are often significant differences between what is stipulated in the constitution and how these principles are implemented in the field. This literature review explores various theories and concepts related to constitutional implementation, including the roles of constitutional courts, legislative bodies, and executives in ensuring compliance with the constitution. In addition, it also examines factors that influence the effective implementation of the constitution, such as the quality of human resources, the availability of legal infrastructure, and legal culture in society. This study also assesses various case studies in various countries to identify common patterns and factors that contribute to the gap between constitutional principles and legal practice. The findings of this study indicate that although constitutions are often formulated carefully and comprehensively, the main challenge lies in their consistent and effective implementation. In conclusion, the effective implementation of the constitution requires special attention to the harmonization of constitutional principles and existing legal practice, as well as continuous improvement in the mechanisms for implementing and supervising the law
A Contemplation on Avicenna’s Arguments on Immateriality of the Soul
Full text linkTotal intellectual immateriality of rational soul is one of the major subjects in philosophy and anthropology among Muslims, especially Avicenna. Avicenna has provided several arguments to prove the intellectual immateriality of rational soul, using the position and insensibility of intelligible forms, the unlimited power of the soul in the perception of intelligible forms, and rational soul being needless of physical tools in some of its perceptions. In the present study, the mentioned arguments are explored and criticized, demonstrating that they cannot prove the total intellectual immateriality of the rational soul, that is, its complete lack of matter and the properties of matter (volume and mass). Therefore, it seems that other viewpoints such as the materiality of soul in the time of creation and its singularity after creation due to substantial motion(point of view of mulla sadra shirazi) or imaginary immateriality of soul since the creation humans until his death, replace the Avicenna's and his followers viewpoints
Technology Integration in Teaching English to Young Learners: Challenges and Strategies
Full text linkThis study explores the integration of technology in teaching English to Young Learners (EYL) at Mataram University Language Support Unit. This research examines the types of technology utilized, challenges encountered, and strategies adopted to enhance the learning experience. A qualitative approach was employed, using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) with eight EYL tutors to gather in-depth data. The results reveal that tools such as Quizizz, Live Worksheets, WhatsApp, and YouTube are frequently integrated into teaching. While these tools enhance engagement and learning, challenges such as unstable internet connections and unequal access to gadgets persist. Tutors mitigate these challenges by preparing alternative materials and encouraging collaborative learning. The findings suggest that technology integration in EYL classrooms significantly supports student engagement and language acquisition, but a balanced language approach with traditional methods is necessary to address limitations. This study provides practical insights for educators to optimize technology use in early language learning contexts.