Tokyo Woman's Christian University Repository / 東京女子大学学術情報リポジトリ
Not a member yet
6362 research outputs found
Sort by
<論文>日本の生鮮果物需要関数の推定 : 消費者行動（1991－2017年）を知る手掛かりとして
Get PDF線形支出体系（Linear Expenditure System : LES）を用いた需要関数の推定は、R.Stone（1954）の研究以来さまざまな財について多くの研究がなされてきたが、近年では少なくなってきている。本稿では、日本の生鮮果物15品目の需要関数を、1991 － 2017 年の政府公表のデータ（『家計調査年報』と『消費者物価指数年報』）を用いて推定し、LES から導かれるこのシンプルな需要関数が今日でもなお有用な分析方法であることを明らかにする。同時に、標準的ミクロ経済学にある、完全競争下で収支均等のもと効用最大化をはかる「合理的な」消費者行動理論が、現実経済の家計の消費行動にどの程度当てはまるのかを確認することを目的とする。本稿の分析を通じて、生鮮果物（総数）、すいか、ぶどう、いちご、柿、桃、みかん、梨、グレープフルーツの 9 品目について良好な推定結果が得られた。そして、ミクロ経済学の完全競争下の消費者行動理論が、日本の家計における生鮮果物の消費行動の分析を通じて、その妥当性が改めて確認された
見知らぬ他者との相互作用が及ぼす心理的影響 : 通学時の経験を用いたフィールド実験
Get PDFDoes the experience of connecting with strangers make us happy? To answer this question, Epley & Schroeder (2014) instructed American commuters on trains and buses to have a conversation with a stranger, to remain disconnected, or to commute as normal. They showed that participants reported a more positive experience when they connected with strangers than when they did not.Given some cross-cultural evidence that Japanese people are less likely to interact with strangers than Americans (e.g., Patterson et al., 2007), this study aims to investigate whether the consequence of connecting with strangers is the same in Japan as in the U.S.We instructed Japanese university students to connect with strangers during their commute (connection condition), to remain disconnected (solitude condition), or to commute as normal (control condition). The results showed that participants in the connection condition experienced a relatively more positive mood than those in the other conditions, but the difference was not significant. Further analyses showed that the more responses the participants received from others when they talked to them, the more positive a mood they experienced.The results indicate that the Japanese often fail to have positive interactions with strangers due to their implicit norm that they should not disturb others, but they also have positive experiences when they are successfully able to interact
Arrietty Comes Home : Studio Ghibli\u27s The Borrower Arrietty and Its English-language Dubs
Get PDFStudio Ghibli’s animated feature, The Borrower Arrietty (2010), is an adaptation of Mary Norton’s classic British children’s novel, The Borrowers (1952). It belongs in a tradition of Ghibli films adapted from, or influenced by, British children’s books, including Howl’s Moving Castle (2004) and Memories of Marnie (2014). In relocating the story to Japan and transferring it to the screen, Ghibli made numerous changes, reflecting the change of medium and cultural context.In most cases, English-language dubs for Ghibli films are produced by Disney-Pixar, using American voice actors. Uniquely, for The Borrower Arrietty two English-language dubs were created: one released by Disney as The Secret World of Arrietty (2012), and the other by Studio Canal in the UK, as Arrietty (2011), employing a largely British cast. The scripts, characterisation and cultural reference points differ markedly in these two dubs, both from each other and from Ghibli’s Japanese script.This article explores the transmission of Norton’s story across cultures, using a comparative analysis of the Japanese-language film and the two English-language dubs̶with appropriate reference to Norton’s novel. It argues that many of the changes are related to cultural differences between Japan, the USA and the UK, differences that extend beyond language and the material world to matters of narrative convention and (particularly in the case of Disney) attitudes to character and family relationships. Nevertheless, it cautions against glib conclusions about“national character”, noting the number and complexity of the factors involved
中国珠江デルタ工業化の構造的特徴 : 東アジア社会変動の一考察として
Get PDFThe coastal districts of China have been industrializing since the 1980s. The nine cities in the Zhujian Delta in Guangdong Province were the earliest cases of industrialization in China which implemented the reform and opening-up policies. The industrialization of this area has three characteristics below. （1） Regional division of labour between Guangdong cities and Hong Kong/ Macau （Qian Dian Hou Chang）. （2） The “Three-plus-one” trading-mix （San Lai Yi Bu）, which means the combination of four types of transnational trade, namely the processing of materials supplied by overseas clients, the assembly of equipment supplied by overseas clients, the production of goods based on samples provided by overseas clients and the compensation transaction of offsetting the pre-rented equipment fee by sales.（3） Internal migrant workers from rural districts to industrial cities （Nong Ming Gong） under the Chinese residential registration system. Incidentally, industrial workers migrated from rural districts have been increasing in these districts and social problems in the field of social security, education etc. have been observed. 中華人民共和国では、1998年12月に共産党が改革開放路線への転換を正式に決定して以来、市場経済の制度を採り入れ、また外国企業による投資を受け入れることにより、沿海部を中心に工業化が進行して都市と工業地帯が拡大した。本稿では、中国沿海部で最初に工業化を進めた珠江デルタ地域を対象として、こうした社会変動の論理を解明する。そこでは、第一に、「前店後廠」と呼ばれる広東省の工業都市と香港・マカオとの地域間分業構造が形成されて、前者の工業化と後者の脱工業化が同時進行した。第二に、広東省における輸出志向の工業は、「三来一補」と呼ばれる委託生産を主要な取引形態とした。このことにより、中国は、土地と労働力という固有の資源を活用しながら、製造設備、部品素材、科学技術という不足していた資源を外国から導入できた。第三に、内陸部農村に本籍を有する労働者が沿海部に移住して工業労働に携わり、「農民工」と呼ばれた。沿海部工業地帯に農村を出自とした賃金労働者が集積し、定住化が進むにつれて、社会保障や次世代の教育といった分野で社会政策上の課題が発生している
