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Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Rhizome and Fruit Extracts of Susube (Meistera aculeata (Roxb.) Škorničk. & M.F. Newman) from Southeast Sulawesi.
Full text linkSusube (Meistera aculeata (Roxb.) Škorničk. & M.F.Newman) is one of the species of the zingiberaceae family that grows in Southeast Sulawesi, especially in Konawe Regency. The fruit of this plant is often consumed and used as a cooking spice by the native. Meanwhile, the compounds content and bioactivity of the rhizome and fruit which is a characteristic of the Zingiberaceae family, has never been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to identify compounds contained in the rhizome along with their antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. The research method used is experimental research, starting with qualitative phytochemical screening in ethanol exctract and then continued with antioxidant (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl or DPPH) and cytotoxicity assay (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test or BSLT). The results of the phytochemical screening indicate that the ethanol extract of the Susube rhizome and fruit contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins. Antioxidant activity was determined based on the ability to reduce DPPH radicals and was calculated by determining the IC50 value, while toxicity was assessed based on shrimp larvae mortality and calculated by determining the LC50 value. The study results show that the IC50 values for the ethanol extract of Susube rhizome, fruit and the positive control ascorbic acid are 4.9 µg/mL, 4,5 µg/mL and 2.2 µg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the LC50 values for the ethanol extract of Susube rhizome, fruit, and the positive control potassium bichromate are 578 µg/mL, 958 µg/mL, and 2.8 µg/mL, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Susube rhizome and fruit (Meistera aculeata (Roxb.) Škorničk. & M.F.Newman) exhibits toxic effects on shrimp larvae (≤1,000 mg/L). Additionally, its ethanol extract shows very strong antioxidant effects in scavenging DPPH free radicals. Therefore, this study suggests that the Susube rhizome and fruit extract warrants further investigation as a promising candidate for treatment or prevention of diseases, supporting the potential of Southeast Sulawesi\u27s local natural resources for phytopharmaceutical or herbal medicin
PENDAMPINGAN IDENTIFIKASI KAWASAN LAPANGAN JALAN KEBUMEN CIREBON UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA ARSITEKTUR KOTA CIREBON
Full text linkKota Cirebon memiliki kekayaan peninggalan arsitektur masa lalu. Kawasan bersejarah yang belum banyak dikembangkan lebih lanjut adalah Cirebon 0 Km yakni Lapangan Kebumen dan juga sebagai bekas area Benteng VOC. Kawasan ini terlihat kehilangan identitas sebagai kawasan kota lama era Kolonial dan tidak tertata dengan baik serta terkesan mati. Oleh karena itu sesuai dengan visi-misi arsitektur Unpar untuk mengembangkan potensi lokal di Jawa Barat diangkat ke tataran global, maka tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah upaya pendampingan identifikasi bangunan kuno peninggalan Belanda awal untuk mendukung penghidupan kawasan ini menjadi tempat wisata kota yang berbasis pada nilai-nilai lokal sehingga dapat mendukung kemajuan pariwisata Kota Cirebon ke depan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya ke arah revitalisasi yakni penghidupan sebuah area kota maupun kawasan yang telah menurun fungsinya dari kehidupan sosial dan budaya maupun dalam aspek ekonomi. Metode awal yang dilakukan adalah dengan identifikasi bangunan melalui pemetaan dan pendokumentasian bangunan yang diduga cagar budaya. Hasil yang dikerjakan pada tahap ini adalah berupa identifikasi dan kajian bangunan tua untuk dapat nantinya diangkat sebagai cagar budaya untuk era kolonial awal di Cirebon. Hasil pengadian kepada masyarakat ini dapat digunakan sebagai landasan untuk penetapan menuju kawasan cagar budaya dan kegiatan tahun berikutnya berupa pengembangan konsep revitalisasi arsitektural kawasan tua kolonial awal Cirebon dalam mendukung pariwisata kota.
Kata kunci: Lapangan Kebumen, identifikasi, cagar budaya, kolonial, pemetaan.
ABSTRACT
The city of Cirebon has a wealth of architectural heritage from the past. An undeveloped historical area is Cirebon 0 Km, namely Kebumen Field, which was also the site of the former VOC Fort. This area seems to have lost its identity as an old colonial city and is poorly organized and appears lifeless. Therefore, in line with Unpar\u27s architectural vision and mission to develop the local potential of West Java to a global level, the objective of this community service activity is to assist in the identification of ancient Dutch colonial buildings to support the revitalization of this area into a city tourist destination based on local values, thereby supporting the future development of tourism in the city of Cirebon. Therefore, efforts towards revitalization are needed, namely the revitalization of urban areas and regions that have declined in terms of social and cultural life as well as economic aspects. The initial method used is the identification of buildings through mapping and documentation of buildings suspected of being cultural heritage sites. The results of this stage are the identification and study of old buildings that can later be designated as cultural heritage sites for the early colonial era in Cirebon. The results of this community service can be used as a basis for establishing a cultural heritage area and next year\u27s activities in the form of developing a concept for the architectural revitalization of Cirebon\u27s early colonial old town to support city tourism.
Keywords: Kebumen Square, identification, cultural-heritage, colonial, mapping
PEMANFAATAN IKAN TERI (Stolephorus sp.) DALAM PEMBUATAN JAJANAN RINGAN TINGGI KALSIUM: UPAYA PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN TULANG DAN GIGI BAGI CIVITAS AKADEMIK UNIVERSITAS HASANUDIN
Full text linkJajanan ringan merupakan makanan pendamping yang sangat digemari semua umur terutama kaum remaja dan mahasiswa. Namun jajanan ringan umumnya tidak memperhatikan pemenuhan gizi berupa karbohidrat, lemak dan protein apalagi mikromineral seperti Kalsium. Pengabdian Masyarakat ini bertujuan memanfaatkan ikan teri (Stolephorus sp.) dalam pembuatan jajanan ringan tinggi kalsium sebagai upaya peningkatan kesehatan tulang dan gigi bagi civitas akademika Universitas Hasanuddin. Kegiatan didahului dengan pelatihan kewirausahaan dan pembuatan prototipe jajanan ringan tinggi kalsium berupa kerupuk tahu dan kentang dengan penambahan ikan teri 20% yang merupakan konsentrasi yang paling diterima pada uji hedonic. Pengabdian ini berhasil membuat kerupuk tahu tinggi Kalsium (T-Kal) dan kerupuk kentang tinggi Kalsium (K-Kal) yang telah mendapatkan legalitas P-IRT untuk dihilirisasi di lingkungan kampus Universitas Hasanuddin.
Kata kunci: Ikan teri, jajanan ringan,tinggi kalsium, kesehatan, tulang, gigi.
ABSTRACT
Snacks are a very popular side dish for all ages, especially teenagers and students. However, snacks generally do not pay attention to nutritional requirements in the form of carbohydrates, fat and protein, let alone microminerals such as calcium. This community service aims to utilize anchovies (Stolephorus sp) in making light snacks high in calcium as an effort to improve bone and teeth health for the Hasanuddin University academic community. Following entrepreneurship training and research, a prototype of a high-calcium snack was developed in the form of tofu and potato crackers, with the addition of 20% anchovies, which proved to be the most accepted concentration in the hedonic test. This dedication succeeded in making tofu crackers high in Calcium (T-Kal) and potato crackers high in Calcium (K-Kal), which have obtained P-IRT legality to be distributed in the Hasanuddin University campus environment.
Keywords: Anchovies, snacks, high calcium, health, bones, teeth
PEMANFAATAN BIOAKTIVATOR MIKROBAT UNTUK MENDUKUNG PRODUKSI PADI ORGANIK
Full text linkProgram Pengembangan Usaha Produk Intelektual Kampus (PPUPIK) dengan tema "Pemanfaatan Bioaktivator Mikrobat untuk Mendukung Produksi Padi Organik" dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Tompobulu, Kabupaten Maros, Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Mei-Desember 2025.Program ini bertujuan mengembangkan teknologi bioaktivator berbasis konsorsium lima mikroba unggul sebagai alternatif ramah lingkungan dalam sistem pertanian padi organik. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi kegiatan penyuluhan kepada 30 peserta kelompok tani, demonstration plot seluas 2 hektar dengan desain split plot, produksi bioaktivator menggunakan bioreaktor 1.000 liter, dan evaluasi pertumbuhan serta produktivitas tanaman. Bioaktivator Mikrobat mengandung bakteri penambat nitrogen (2,25 × 10⁹ cfu/ml), pelarut fosfat (5,47 × 10⁷ cfu/ml), penghasil zat pengatur tumbuh (4,67 × 10⁷ cfu/ml), pengendali hayati (3,25 × 10⁷ cfu/ml), dan pendegradasi selulosa (2,51 × 10⁴ cfu/ml). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi Mikrobat meningkatkan produktivitas padi dari 5,6 ton/ha (kontrol) menjadi 7,68 ton/ha atau meningkat 37,1%. Selain peningkatan produktivitas, aplikasi Mikrobat juga menunjukkan efektivitas tinggi dalam pengendalian biologis dengan menurunkan intensitas serangan penyakit busuk bulir terlihat pada kontrol 11,25% serangan dan pada perlakuan hanya 3,75% serangan. Berdasarkan aspek ekonomi terdapat penghematan biaya produksi, sekaligus dapat meningkatkan pendapatan. Program ini berhasil menciptakan model bisnis berkelanjutan dengan respon positif petani untuk adopsi teknologi. Teknologi bioaktivator Mikrobat terbukti efektif meningkatkan produktivitas padi organik, mengurangi ketergantungan pada input kimia sintetis, dan mendukung keberlanjutan ekonomi petani.
Kata kunci: berkelanjutan, konsorsium, bakteri, padi organik, PPUPIK, produktivitas.
ABSTRACT
The Campus Intellectual Product Business Development Program (PPUPIK) with the theme "Utilization of Mikrobat Bioactivator to Support Organic Rice Production" was carried out in Tompobulu Subdistrict, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi, from May to December 2025. This program aims to develop a bioactivator technology based on a consortium of five superior microbes as an environmentally friendly alternative in organic rice farming systems. The implementation methods included counseling activities for 30 farmer group participants, a two-hectare demonstration plot with a split plot design, bioactivator production using a 1,000-liter bioreactor, and evaluation of plant growth and productivity. Mikrobat Bioactivator contains nitrogen-fixing bacteria (2.25 × 10⁹ CFU/mL), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (5.47 × 10⁷ CFU/mL), growth regulator-producing microorganisms (4.67 × 10⁷ CFU/mL), biocontrol agents (3.25 × 10⁷ CFU/mL), and cellulose-degrading bacteria (2.51 × 10⁴ CFU/mL). Research results showed that the application of Mikrobat increased rice productivity from 5.6 tons/ha (control) to 7.68 tons/ha, an increase of 37.1%. In addition to increased productivity, the application of Mikrobat also demonstrated high effectiveness in biological control by reducing the intensity of grain rot disease attacks, as seen in the control group with 11.25% incidence and only 3.75% incidence in the treatment group. From an economic perspective, this can reduce production costs while simultaneously increasing income. This program successfully created a sustainable business model, garnering a positive response from farmers regarding the adoption of technology. Mikrobat bioactivator technology has proven effective in increasing organic rice productivity, reducing dependence on synthetic chemical inputs, and supporting the economic sustainability of farmers.
Keywords: Sustainable, consortium, bacteria, organic rice, PPUPIK, productivity
Evaluasi Pengelolaan Lanskap Taman Bunga New Celosia Bandungan
Full text linkPengelolaan Taman Bunga New Celosia Bandungan menghadapi sejumlah tantangan yang berdampak pada kualitas dan keberlanjutan taman sebagai destinasi wisata seperti pengelolaan taman yang kurang optimal, hal ini dibuktikan adanya beberapa area taman yang kurang terawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengelolaan lanskap taman bunga tersebut serta merumuskan strategi pengelolaan yang tepat dan berkelanjutan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, analisis SWOT, serta pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner kepada pengelola dan pengunjung. Dari 5 variabel (Sumber daya manusia (SDM), alat dan bahan, struktur organisasi, metode, dan biaya) yang mempengaruhi pengelolaan taman, terdapat 1 variabel yang memiliki tingkat kepentingan rendah yaitu struktur organisasi karena nilai bobot yang ditetapkan 1 sedangkan variabel yang memiliki tingkat kepentingan tinggi adalah sumber daya manusia karena memiliki nilai bobot 5. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan lanskap Taman Bunga New Celosia berada pada kuadran I (strategi grow) yang menekankan pada penguatan sistem pengelolaan, optimalisasi sumber daya manusia, serta peningkatan pemeliharaan tanaman dan fasilitas. Strategi pengelolaan yang dapat ditawarkan adalah dengan memanfaatkan kekuatan dan peluang yang ada, serta penekanan pada perbaikan kelemahan dan mitigasi ancaman untuk memastikan keberlanjutan taman bunga sebagai wisata taman bunga.
The management of Bandungan\u27s New Celosia Flower Park faces a number of challenges that impact on the quality and sustainability of the park as a tourist destination such as sub-optimal park management, as evidenced by several areas of the park that are poorly maintained. This study aims to evaluate the management of the flower garden landscape and formulate an appropriate and sustainable management strategy. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, SWOT analysis, and data collection through observation, interviews, and questionnaires to managers and visitors. Of the 5 variables (human resources (HR), tools and materials, organizational structure, methods, and costs) that affect park management, there is 1 variable that has a low level of importance, namely the organizational structure because the assigned weight value is 1 while the variable that has a high level of importance is human resources because it has a weight value of 5. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the landscape management of the New Celosia Flower Park is in quadrant I (grow strategy) which emphasizes strengthening the management system, optimizing human resources, and increasing plant and facility maintenance. The management strategy that can be offered is to take advantage of existing strengths and opportunities, as well as emphasis on improving weaknesses and mitigating threats to ensure the sustainability of the flower garden as a flower garden tour
PENYULUHAN METODE PENGENDALIAN HAMA ULAT GRAYAK FRUGIPERDA YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN MENGGUNAKAN FEROMON SEKSUAL KEPADA PETANI DI DESA LABUAN TOPOSO
Full text linkCorn is one of the leading food commodities in Central Sulawesi. Among the obstacles to corn farming is the Grayak Frugiperda caterpillar pest attack, better known as the fall armyworm (FAW), which can reduce farmers\u27 corn production. This community service activity aims to socialize FAW pest control technology for farmers in Labuan Toposo Village, Labuan District, Donggala Regency which is one of the corn planting centers using the sexual pheromone trap technique. The socialization uses a counseling method by implementing a participatory approach. The stages of activity include counseling and demonstration, installing the sexual pheromone traps at the demonstration plots, evaluation, and monitoring. The success indicators were determined by using a pre-test and post-test to evaluate the increase in farmers\u27 knowledge and skills regarding FAW pests and their control techniques using sexual pheromone control. The results showed that this community service activity was quite successful, as indicated by the large number of farmers and agricultural extension workers who attended and their enthusiasm in participating in the activity. This success is also indicated by the significant increase in farmers\u27 knowledge about FAW pests and their control techniques from the low category (score <50%) to high (score >70%). Furthermore, it is expected that farmers can adopt these socialized environmentally friendly control techniques so that they do not depend on chemical pesticides in pest control. In addition, it is recommended that farmers receive more frequent counseling on more environmentally friendly pest control techniques. --- Jagung merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan unggulan di Sulawesi Tengah. Salah satu kendala dalam usahatani jagung adalah serangan hama ulat grayak frugiperda atau yang lebih dikenal dengan nama fall armyworm (FAW) yang dapat menurunkan produksi jagung petani. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasikan teknologi pengendalian hama ulat Grayak bagi petani di Desa Labuan Toposo, Kecamatan Labuan, Kabupaten Donggala yang merupakan salah satu sentra penanaman jagung dengan menggunakan teknik perangkap feromon seksual. Sosialisasi ini menggunakan metode penyuluhan dengan menerapkan pendekatan partisipatif. Tahapan kegiatan meliputi penyuluhan dan demonstrasi, pemasangan perangkap feromon seksual di demplot, evaluasi, dan monitoring. Indikator keberhasilan ditentukan dengan menggunakan pre-test dan post-test untuk menilai peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani mengenai hama ulat grayak dan teknik pengendaliannya dengan pengendalian feromon seksual. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini cukup berhasil, yang diindakasikan oleh banyaknya petani dan penyuluh pertanian yang hadir serta antusiasme mereka dalam mengikuti kegiatan. Keberhasilan kegiatan ini juga ditandai oleh peningkatan pengetahuan petani tentang hama FAW dan teknik pengendaliannya dari kategori rendah (skor<50%) menjadi tinggi (skor >70%). Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pengabdian, petani diharapkan dapat mengadopsi teknik pengendalian hama FAW yang ramah lingkungan yang telah disosialisasikan sehingga tidak lagi bergantung pada pestisida kimia dalam pengendalian hama tersebut. Selain itu disarankan agar petani lebih sering mendapatkan penyuluhan teknik pengendalian hama yang lebih ramah lingkungan.
PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK BERBASIS BUDIDAYA LARVA BLACK SOLDIER FLY (BSF) DI BANK SAMPAH UNIT SIPANAIKANG DALLE, KOTA MAKASSAR
Full text linkThis community service program (PKM) was conducted with the aim of introducing and transferring Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larva cultivation technology as an ecological and economic solution for managing household organic waste in urban areas. The target partners were members of BSU Sipanaikang Dalle, RW 04, Mario Sub-district, Mariso District, Makassar City, consisting of 35 members of the PKK women’s group. The program implemented a participatory approach through training, direct demonstration, and the handover of simple cultivation tools. Collaboration among the academic team, the Makassar City Environmental Agency (DLH), and community partners ensured an effective transfer of knowledge and technology. The outcomes included the establishment of two household-scale BSF urban farms, the production of approximately 10 kg of BSF larvae per month, and the successful training of all 35 members in BSF cultivation techniques. This activity not only reduced the volume of organic waste but also created new household-scale economic opportunities. Furthermore, it fostered environmental awareness and serves as a model of research-based community engagement and appropriate technology application that can be replicated in other urban areas to support sustainable community-based development. --- Sasaran mitra dari kegiatan PKM ini adalah dari BSU Sipanaikang Dalle, RW 04, Kelurahan Mario, Kecamatan Mariso, Kota Makassar yang beranggotakan 35 orang, terdiri dari ibu PKK. Mereka telah aktif mengelolah sampah anorganik, namun sampah organik belum terkelolah. Program ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan dan mentransfer teknologi budidaya larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) sebagai solusi ekologis dan ekonomis dalam pengelolaan sampah organik rumah tangga kepada masyarakat urban. Pendekatan yang digunakan meliputi pelatihan partisipatif, demonstrasi langsung budidaya BSF, serta serah terima perangkat teknologi sederhana. Kegiatan ini melibatkan kolaborasi antara tim akademik, pemerintah daerah (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Makassar), dan mitra komunitas. Narasumber utama dalam kegiatan ini dari DLH Makassar. Program berhasil mewujudkan beberapa luaran penting. Pertama, terbangunnya dua unit urban BSF farm skala rumah tangga yang berfungsi sebagai pusat pembelajaran sekaligus produksi. Kedua, dari pengolahan limbah organik yang dilakukan, dihasilkan larva BSF dengan kapasitas sekitar 10 kg per bulan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan alternatif bernilai ekonomis. Ketiga, sebanyak 35 anggota BSU berhasil terlatih dalam budidaya larva BSF, sehingga mereka tidak hanya mampu mengurangi volume sampah organik, tetapi juga berpotensi menciptakan peluang usaha baru berbasis lingkungan. Dampak lain dari kegiatan ini adalah tumbuhnya kesadaran lingkungan dan munculnya peluang ekonomi alternatif skala rumah tangga. Kegiatan ini menjadi contoh praktik pengabdian berbasis riset dan teknologi tepat guna yang dapat direplikasi di wilayah urban lainnya dalam rangka mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan berbasis komunitas
VISUALISASI EMOSI DALAM NOVEL CERITA KULKAS: KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA: VISUALISASI EMOSI DALAM NOVEL CERITA KULKAS: KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA
No full textNovel Cerita Kulkas memiliki objek kulkas sebagai pusat representasi emosional, sehingga menciptakan pengalaman membaca yang kuat secara imajinatif. Analisis diperlukan untuk memberikan dampak terhadap pemahaman pembaca tentang tanda-tanda visual dalam kehidupan sehari-hari merefleksikan kondisi emosional dan sosial manusia, terutama terkait kesepian, memori, dan hubungan antarmanusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce. Fokus penelitian diarahkan pada analisis ikon, indeks, dan simbol menurut semiotika Peirce untuk mengungkap hubungan antara tanda visual dalam narasi dan makna yang dibangun pengarang melalui relasi representamen, objek, dan interpretasi, sehingga memungkinkan penafsiran yang fleksibel terhadap efek visual bahasa dan lapisan simbolis objek-objek rumah tangga dalam teks sastra. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pembacaan mendalam terhadap teks untuk mengidentifikasi tanda-tanda visual, mengklasifikasikannya berdasarkan teori Peirce, dan menafsirkan makna denotatif serta konotatifnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanda visual dalam novel berfungsi sebagai media penyampaian makna emosional, kritik sosial, dan kondisi psikologis toko
A Study On The Use Of Retelling Story Technique In Teaching Speaking Skill
Full text linkRetelling story is widely used as a technique to support students’ speaking development in English language classrooms. This study aims to describe how the retelling story technique is implemented in speaking classes and to examine its effects on students’ speaking skills at different academic levels. This study employed a qualitative library research design by analyzing five previous research studies that investigated the use of retelling story in teaching speaking skills. The selected studies were conducted at different educational levels and were reviewed to identify instructional procedures, supporting media, and reported learning outcomes. The results of the analysis show that all five studies applied the retelling story technique through three main stages: pre-retelling activities, during-retelling activities, and post-retelling activities. These stages were consistently referred to as before, during, and after retelling activities. The implementation of the technique was often supported by additional media and methods, such as YouTube videos, picture series, and guided questions, to help students understand and retell stories more effectively. Furthermore, the findings indicate that students at different academic levels showed improvement in their speaking skills after the application of the retelling story technique. Students became more active in classroom interaction and demonstrated increased confidence in expressing ideas orally. The reviewed studies also reported that students were more motivated and independent when retelling stories. Overall, the findings suggest that the retelling story technique has a positive effect on students’ speaking skills and can be considered an effective strategy for teaching speaking in EFL classrooms.
Constructing The State’s Financial Identity: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of The Indonesian Government’s Fiscal Narrative In Sri Mulyani Indrawati’s 2025 Budget Speech
Full text linkThis study analyzes how the Indonesian government constructs its fiscal narrative and financial identity through Sri Mulyani Indrawati’s 2025 Budget Speech. Using Fairclough’s three-dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis, it examines linguistic features, production processes, and the socio-political context surrounding the speech. The qualitative analysis focuses on lexical choices, modality, rhetorical structuring, intertextual references, and the institutional setting of the national budgeting process. The findings show that the speech functions as more than a fiscal report; it strategically shapes public understanding of state finance. Technical economic terminology is interwoven with greetings, moral cues, and nationalist references to project authority, responsibility, and cultural legitimacy. Institutional framing and references to established economic doctrines further reinforce credibility. The speech ultimately serves two purposes: to legitimize fiscal decisions before lawmakers and to cultivate public trust by stressing stability, resilience, and collective responsibility. This demonstrates how budget speeches construct coherent narratives that support policy direction and state authority