Universitas Hasanuddin: e-Journals
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Uji Awal Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Benalu Jati Dendropthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. Sebagai Kandidat Antikanker Menggunakan Metode BSLT
Get PDFBenalu Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. yang tumbuh pada pohon jati dikenal dalam pengobatan tradisional memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas sitotoksik dari ekstrak etanol daun benalu jati sebagai kandidat antikanker dengan menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Daun benalu dikeringkan, diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, dan diuji terhadap larva Artemia salina untuk menilai tingkat toksisitas awal. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak memiliki nilai LC₅₀ sebesar XXX µg/mL, yang menunjukkan potensi toksik yang signifikan terhadap larva uji. Semakin rendah nilai LC₅₀, semakin tinggi potensi sitotoksik yang dimiliki oleh ekstrak tersebut. Uji BSLT digunakan sebagai pendekatan awal untuk menyaring senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi sebagai antikanker sebelum dilakukan pengujian lebih lanjut pada sel kanker manusia. Penelitian ini mendukung pemanfaatan D. pentandra sebagai sumber kandidat senyawa alami antikanker dan menjadi dasar untuk studi lanjutan, termasuk isolasi senyawa aktif dan uji in vitro terhadap sel kanker spesifik. Hasil ini juga menegaskan pentingnya eksplorasi tumbuhan parasit yang sering diabaikan sebagai sumber daya bioaktif yang potensial
Kontribusi Teknologi, Modal, dan Keterampilan Petani Terhadap Produktivitas Bawang Merah
Get PDFSuboptimal agricultural performance highlights the need to investigate the roles of technology adoption, capital accessibility, and farmers’ skills in improving farm productivity. This study aimed to assess the extent to which these three variables influence the productivity of shallot farms in Bungin Subdistrict, Enrekang Regency. Conducted in February 2025, this research employed a quantitative approach using survey methods for data collection. Structured questionnaires were administered to 60 randomly selected farmers. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression preceded by classical assumption testing to ensure the model’s validity. The results demonstrate that technology adoption, capital, and farmer skills have a statistically significant simultaneous effect on productivity. Partially, technology adoption shows a positive and significant influence, whereas capital and farmer skills exhibit a significant negative effect. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.378 suggests that these variables moderately explain the variations in productivity. These findings underscore the importance of effective implementation and management of production factors at the farm level. Thus, agricultural policy interventions that support technological accessibility, efficient capital allocation, and capacity building among farmers are essential for enhancing sustainable agricultural productivityKinerja usahatani yang belum optimal mendorong pentingnya telaah terhadap kontribusi adopsi teknologi, permodalan, dan kompetensi petani dalam meningkatkan produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sejauh mana adopsi teknologi, ketersediaan modal, serta tingkat keterampilan petani memengaruhi produktivitas usahatani bawang merah di wilayah Kecamatan Bungin, Kabupaten Enrekang. Studi ini dilaksanakan pada Februari 2025 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei sebagai teknik pengumpulan data utama. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada 60 petani yang dipilih secara acak sebagai responden. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda, dengan terlebih dahulu dilakukan pengujian terhadap asumsi klasik untuk memastikan validitas model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, variabel adopsi teknologi, permodalan, dan tingkat keterampilan petani memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan produktivitas usahatani bawang merah. Secara parsial, adopsi teknologi memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan modal dan keterampilan menunjukkan pengaruh negatif yang signifikan. Koefisien determinasi sebesar 37,8% menunjukkan bahwa ketiga variabel mampu menjelaskan variasi produktivitas secara moderat. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa efektivitas faktor produksi sangat bergantung pada implementasi dan pengelolaan di tingkat usahatani. Oleh karena itu, kebijakan pertanian yang mendukung peningkatan akses terhadap teknologi, efisiensi pemanfaatan modal, serta peningkatan keterampilan teknis petani menjadi krusial untuk mendorong produktivitas pertanian
The Toxicity and Cytotoxicity Test of Anticancer Peptides Isolated from Symbiotic Bacteria
No full textThe purpose of this research was to evaluate the toxicity and cytotoxicity of the fragment peptide from symbiotic bacteria in the lung cancer LK-2 cell line, compared normal M5S cell line. Protein hydrolyzates were separated using Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO) to isolate peptide fragments. Fragments were categorized as ≤ 5 kDa, > 5-10 kDa, and > 10 kDa to evaluate their toxicity through the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method and to study cytotoxicity effects and proliferation in LK-2 lung cancer cells against normal M5S cells. MTT assay was used to analyze the percentage of living cells and cell growth. The Selectivity Index (SI) equation was applied to determine selectivity. Findings indicated that the peptide fragment ≤ 5 kDa had the highest toxicity, with an LC50 of 8.15 µg/ml. The number of LK-2 cells that died increased when exposed to peptide fragments of sizes ≤ 5 kDa, > 5-10 kDa, and > 10 kDa over 16 hours. Moreover, cell growth in LK-2 cells decreased after 16 hours, while there was no significant decline (P < 0.05) in M5S cells compared to the controls. The peptide fragments with molecular weights ≤ 5 kDa and > 5-10 kDa demonstrated the highest selectivity, resulting in an SI value of 3. These results suggest that the selected peptide fragments may serve effectively as anticancer agents. This study highlights the potential of peptides from symbiotic bacteria as possible treatments for cancer, particularly lung cancer
Effect of Activated Bentonite Concentration on the Characteristics of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) via Enzymatic Method
Get PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of activated bentonite in improving the quality of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). The quality of VCO is strongly influenced by moisture content, free fatty acids, and peroxide value. In this study, VCO was produced using an enzymatic method with papain and then purified using activated bentonite at concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 10%. The quality parameters analyzed included moisture content, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value, specific gravity, viscosity, and organoleptic attributes such as aroma, color, and taste. The results showed that 10% activated bentonite provided the best performance, with FFA at 0.174%, peroxide value at 0.99 mEq/kg, specific gravity at 0.4524 g/mL, moisture content at 0.0026%, and viscosity at 10.47 cP. Organoleptic tests indicated improvement in aroma, color, and taste. Therefore, the use of activated bentonite has been proven effective in enhancing the quality characteristics of VCO in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI)
Clustering and Portfolio Optimization on LQ45 Stocks with Fuzzy C-Means and Single Index Model
Get PDFSpreading money or capital across several assets through portfolio formation is more recommended when investing in stocks. The selection of the optimal portfolio can use the Fuzzy C-Means and Single Index Model methods. This research used stock data on the LQ45 Index from January 27, 2020, to November 27, 2024, with the results of 3 portfolios formed. Portfolio 1 has members ADRO, ANTM, and PTBA with an expected return value of 0.001123 and a risk of 0.000670 with a sharpe index performance of 1.393. Portfolio 2 has members BBNI, BMRI, and INCO with an expected return value of 0.000456 and a risk of 0.000524 which has a sharpe index of 0.509. Portfolio 3 with BBCA and INKP has an expected return of 0.000343 and a risk of 0.000453 with a performance of 0.338. For investors who are very risk tolerant, it is recommended to invest in portfolio 1, and for investors who are slightly risk tolerant, portfolio 2 will be suitable, and for investor who are intolerant of risk, portfolio 3 is more suitable. Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that portfolio building through clustering from Fuzzy C-Means and continued by portfolio weighting based on the Single Index Model produces an optimal portfolio with a fairly high sharpe index performance
Forecasting Nickel Prices in Indonesia Using ARIMA, SVR, and Hybrid ARIMA-SVR Approach
Get PDFNickel production plays a key role in reducing reliance on fossil fuels, supporting the 7th Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on clean and affordable energy. As the world\u27s largest nickel ore producer, Indonesia significantly influences global market dynamics. This study evaluates the accuracy of ARIMA, SVR, and hybrid ARIMA-SVR models in forecasting Indonesia’s daily nickel futures prices for 2023 using historical data from official website investing.com. The results indicate that SVR outperforms the other models, achieving the lowest MAPE of 0.2532% with the Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel and optimized parameters , and selected through grid search method which gives the minimum RMSE and MAE values as well. Accurate nickel price forecasting is essential for investors, mining companies, and policymakers to optimize production planning, manage risks, and enhance market stability. However, this study relies solely on historical price data, without considering external factors such as geopolitical events and market shocks, highlighting the need for future research incorporating broader economic indicators and alternative modeling approache
Comparison of BDCL and Bootstrapping Bornhuetter Ferguson Methods in Claim Reserve Estimation (Case Study at Actuarial Consulting Firm X)
Get PDFRisk is an inherent uncertainty in human life. In the insurance industry, this requires companies to prepare claim reserves to cover potential future losses. Claim reserve estimation is generally carried out using a deterministic approach, but this method does not explicitly account for uncertainty. Therefore, this study applies development methods such as the semi-stochastic Bornhuetter-Double Chain Ladder (BDCL) method and the stochastic Bootstrapping Bornhuetter Ferguson method. The Bornhuetter Ferguson method is widely used due to its reliability, but the combination with bootstrapping techniques remains limited in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to compare the Bootstrapping Bornhuetter Ferguson method with the more commonly used BDCL method. The BDCL method allows separate calculation of IBNR and RBNS claim reserves, while Bootstrapping Bornhuetter Ferguson integrates bootstrapping techniques to improve reserve estimation accuracy. This study also adds reserve accuracy calculations using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The data used consists of motor vehicle claim data with a quarterly observation period from 2017 to 2021. The results show that the MAPE value of the BDCL method is 12.62%, while the Bootstrapping Bornhuetter Ferguson method produces a MAPE of 8.10%. This indicates that the Bootstrapping Bornhuetter Ferguson method outperforms the BDCL method in calculating claim reserve estimate
Stock Price Forecasting Using Autoregressive With Exogenous Variable Support Vector Regression (ARX – SVR)
Get PDFStock prices move fluctuate continuously and dynamically at all times, so stock price predictions are needed to maximize profits for investors and avoid losses due to the characteristic of stock prices. Autoregressive (AR) model is a forecasting method and has weaknesses against nonlinear patterns. In addition to using linear modeling, forecasting stock prices can use the Support Vector Regression model which offers a global optimal solution that works with data maps to high-dimensional spaces and has good performance with time series problems. The addition of exogenous variables X to the model can also improve forecasting accuracy. Forecasting will be done using significant lags as input to Support Vector Regression. The modeling results show that the ARX-SVR model with X as an outlier exogenous variables provides the best out-of-sample data forecasting results for the case study of stock closing price forecasting. This model provides forecasting results with Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (sMAPE) 5.382430%
Cross-Correlation Analysis in Evaluating Spatio-Temporal Data Dependence of Climate Variables Through the GSTAR Model
Get PDFClimate change analysis requires an approach which is capable to accommodate the dynamics of relationships between climatological variables in space and time dimensions. Temperature, humidity, and rainfall vary temporally and exhibit spatial dependence across locations. This study applies the Generalized Space-Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) model to analyze the spatial and temporal dependence patterns of climate variables in Tasikmalaya. The novelty of this study lies in the cross-correlation analysis of climate variables using actual data and model estimation results. This analysis can be used to assess how well the GSTAR model maintains the spatio-temporal dependence pattern. GSTAR modeling is performed by applying the Three-Stage Iterative Box-Jenkins method to space-time data. The results indicate that GSTAR(3;1,1,1) is the best-fitting model. Furthermore, this model consistently captures historical data patterns and accommodates the dynamic dependencies between climate variables at the two observation locations. The results show that the GSTAR(3;1,1,1) model consistently represents historical data patterns and accommodates the dynamics of relationships between meteorological variables at the observed locations. This finding confirms that the GSTAR model is an effective approach for capturing the spatio-temporal dependence of climate data, particularly in preserving the natural relationship patterns in actual data
PELATIHAN MERAMBAN DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN LIAR SEBAGAI SUMBER PANGAN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN DI KABUPATEN PINRANG
Get PDFMeramban merupakan salah satu praktik tradisional masyarakat pedesaan dalam mengumpulkan tumbuhan liar untuk dijadikan sumber pangan. Berbagai jenis tanaman liar telah teridentifikasi berpotensi dijadikan sebagai makanan alternatif yang kaya nutrisi. Desa Salipolo yang terletak di Kecamatan Cempa, Kabupaten Pinrang, merupakan salah satu desa yang memiliki potensi sumber daya hayati yang dapat dimaksilkan kegunaannya dalam peningkatan ketahanan pangan, untuk mencegah terjadinya ”stunting” atau kekerdilan pada anak-anak, yang menjadi salah satu indikator gizi buruk. Berbagai jenis tanaman liar diketahui memiliki khasiat obat, yang dapat digunakan mengatasi berbagai masalah kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, literasi pangan yang baik akan membantu masyarakat dalam memahami nilai gizi dan khasiat dari tanaman liar dan cara pengolahan yang tepat untuk mendapatkan manfaat maksimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) adalah penyuluhan dan pengenalan tumbuhan yang dapat dimakan yang cukup bernutrisi, praktek meramban, serta pelatihan pengolahan beberapa jenis tanaman liar menjadi makanan siap konsumsi yang bergizi sebagai makanan alternatif. Hasil dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini meningkatkan pengetahuan anggota masyarakat desa Salipolo tentang tumbuhan liar yang ada disekitar desa mereka untuk dapat diolah menjadi makanan alternatif bergizi, dan membuka peluang sebagai wirausaha pedesaan. Olahan makanan yang telah dihasilkan adalah puding daun kelor, keripik pepaya muda, keripik daun bayam, dendeng daun singkong, selei daun kersen, dan manuk burak. Dengan demikian penyuluhan dan pelatihan ini telah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan para anggota PKK dan kelompok remaja desa dalam memanfaatkan tumbuhan liar menjadi makanan alternatif bergizi, dan sebagai peluang wirausaha dalam meningkatkan ekonomi rumah tangganya. Diharapkan kedepannya anggota masyarakat ini dapat menjadi agen strategis dalam penyebaran informasi dan mengedukasi anggota masyarakat lainnya khususnya dalam pemanfaatan tumbuhan liar sebagai makanan alternatif untuk menjaga ketahanan pangan.
Kata kunci: Meramban, tanaman liar, makanan alternatif, ketahanan pangan.
ABSTRACT
Meramban is a traditional practice among rural communities for the collection of wild plants for food. A variety of wild plants have been identified as having the potential to serve as alternative food sources that are rich in nutrients. Salipolo Village, situated within the Cempa subdistrict of the Pinrang regency, is one of several villages in the region that possesses a wealth of untapped biological resources with the potential to enhance food security and prevent the occurrence of "stunting" in children, a significant indicator of malnutrition. A variety of wild plants are understood to possess medicinal properties, which can be employed in the treatment of diverse health concerns. Consequently, the development of sound food literacy will assist individuals in comprehending the nutritional value and efficacy of wild plants, as well as the optimal methods for their processing to ensure maximal benefit. The methods used in the community service (PKM) are counseling and introduction to edible plants that are nutritious enough, browsing practices, and training in processing different types of wild plants into nutritious ready-to-eat foods as alternative foods. The results of this community service will increase the knowledge of Salipolo village community members about wild plants around their village that can be processed into nutritious alternative foods and open opportunities as rural entrepreneurs. The processed foods produced are moringa leaf pudding, young papaya chips, spinach leaf chips, cassava leaf jerky, selei kersen leaves, and manuk burak. As a result of this guidance and training, PKK members and village youth groups have increased their knowledge and skills in using wild plants as nutritious alternative foods and as entrepreneurial opportunities to improve their household economies. It is hoped that in the future, these community members can become strategic agents in disseminating information and educating other community members, especially in the use of wild plants as alternative foods to maintain food security.
Keywords: Browsing, wild plants, alternative food, food security