Universitas Hasanuddin: e-Journals
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IDENTIFIKASI KAPANG DAN KHAMIR PADA BEBERAPA JENIS MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN MAGGOT BLACK SOLDIER FLY
Get PDFPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jumlah dan jenis kapang dan khamir yang diperoleh dari media pertumbuhan maggot BSF yang terdiri atas campuran feses domba, endapan susu, dan sampah organik dapur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimetal berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat jenis campuran media pertumbuhan maggot, dan lima ulangan. Jenis media perlakuan yaitu: P0 : sampah organik dapur (100%), P1 : sampah organik dapur (50%) dan feses domba (50%), P2 : sampah organik dapur (50%) dan endapan susu (50%), P3 : sampah organik dapur (33,33%), feses domba (33,33%), dan endapan susu (33,33%). Isolasi dan identifikasi kapang dan khamir dilakukan pada masing-masing media setelah dilakukan pemeliharaan maggot BSF selama 21 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapang lebih banyak ditemukan tumbuh pada media campuran feses domba dan sampah organik dapur (P1) baik sebelum maupun setelah degradasi, namun persentase penurunan kapang paling rendah jika media yang digunakan merupakan campuran antara sampah organik dapur, feses domba, dan endapan susu dengan proporsi yang sama (P3). Disisi lain, tidak ditemukan perbedaan jumlah khamir yang tumbuh pada semua jenis media pertumbuhan maggot. Terdapat kecenderungan penurunan khamir yang lebih rendah pada campuran ketiga jenis bahan organik sebagai media (P3). Jenis kapang yang teridentifikasi pada media pertumbuhan maggot BSF diantaranya Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Mucor sp., Neurospora sp., Penicillium sp., dan Rhizopus sp, dan jenis khamir yang teridentifikasi pada media maggot BSF diantaranya Candida sp., Saccharomyces sp., dan Zygosaccharomyces sp
The Forecasting Result Study of the Poverty Line and Number of Poor Population in DIY using DES and ARIMA
Get PDFThe poverty rate in DIY, based on BPS data, stands at 11.04%, which remains above the national average of 9.36%. This study aims to predict poverty patterns in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) using DES and ARIMA methods. The data utilized in this research is sourced from BPS, focusing on poverty line data and the number of impoverished individuals. The DES model is employed to estimate the increase in the poverty line, demonstrating good accuracy with a MAPE value of 2.968%. Meanwhile, the ARIMA(0,2,1) model is applied to forecast a reduction in the number of impoverished individuals, yielding a MAPE of 3.543% through 2028. The findings of this study indicate that government policies have had a positive impact on reducing poverty, although challenges remain. The results of this analysis are expected to guide policymakers in crafting more effective and targeted poverty alleviation strategies in the DIY region. These findings suggest that government policies have had a positive impact on reducing poverty, despite ongoing challenges.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi pola kemiskinan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) dengan menggunakan metode Pemulusan Eksponensial Ganda (Double Exponential Smoothing/DES) dan ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), yaitu data garis kemiskinan dan jumlah penduduk miskin. Model DES digunakan untuk memperkirakan kenaikan garis kemiskinan, yang menunjukkan tingkat akurasi yang baik dengan nilai MAPE sebesar 2,968%. Sementara itu, model ARIMA(0,2,1) diterapkan untuk meramalkan penurunan jumlah penduduk miskin dengan MAPE sebesar 3,543% hingga tahun 2028. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya dampak positif dari kebijakan pemerintah dalam mengurangi angka kemiskinan, meskipun tantangan masih ada. Hasil analisis ini diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan bagi pembuat kebijakan dalam merancang strategi pengentasan kemiskinan yang lebih efektif dan tepat sasaran di wilayah DIY
Penerapan ARIMA dan Residual Bootstrap untuk Peramalan Mortalitas Dinamis Model PLAT pada Penduduk Laki-Laki di Indonesia
Get PDFThe development of mortality tables in Indonesia so far has been based on static mortality tables, which only consider the probability of death by age, even though they are applied across different years. A dynamic analysis of mortality tables, which takes into account the observation year and the birth year of individuals, becomes important for mitigating risks, particularly in life insurance and pension fund applications. Numerous methods and models for determining stochastic mortality to form dynamic mortality tables exist, but in this study, the PLAT stochastic mortality model was used to establish dynamic mortality tables because it is suitable for all age ranges, captures cohort effects, aligns with historical data, has a non-trivial (yet not overly complex) correlation structure, does not have robustness issues, and can account for parameter risk, while maintaining a relatively simple model structure. From these mortality tables, future survival probabilities for the next several years were forecasted using the ARIMA method, and the forecast range was estimated using residual bootstrap. The forecasting results show values that do not differ significantly from Indonesia’s 2023 mortality table. Additionally, the width of the confidence intervals derived using residual bootstrap was larger than the intervals without using the residual bootstrap method, particularly for younger ages. This is significant for mortality research in pension planning, as they provide interval simulations that reflect various factors during the estimation process.Pembentukan tabel mortalita yang ada di Indonesia selama ini adalah tabel mortalitas statik yang hanya melihat peluang meninggal berdasarkan usia saja meskipun pada tahun yang berbeda. Analisis tabel mortalita secara dinamik yang memperhatikan tahun pengamatan dan juga kapan individu lahir menjadi penting untuk memitigasi risiko terutama dalam penerapannya di bidang asuransi jiwa dan dana pensiun. Banyak metode dan model terkait penentuan moratlita secara stokastik untuk pembentukan tabel mortalitas dinamik, namun pada penelitian ini digunakan model mortalita stokastik model PLAT untuk menentukan tabel mortlaitas dinamik karena memiliki model yang sesuai untuk semua rentang usia, menangkap efek cohort, sesuai dengan data historis, memiliki non-trivial (tetapi tidak begitu kompleks) struktur korelasi, tidak memiliki masalah dengan robust dan dapat memperhitungkan risiko parameter, sedangkan strukturnya modelnya tetap relatif sederhana. Kemudian dari tabel mortalitas tersebut dibuat suatu peramalan nilai peluang hidup untuk beberapa tahun ke depan menggunakan metode ARIMA dan dicari rentang peramalannya menggunakan residual bootstrap. Hasil peramalan menunjukkan nilai yang tidak jauh ebrbeda dengan tabel mortalita Indonesia tahun 2023 selain itu lebar interval kepercayaan hasil peramalan menggunakan residual bootstrap lebih besar dari interval tanpa menggunakan metode residual bootstrap terutama untuk usia yang lebih muda. Hal ini sangat berpengaruh apabila dilakukan penelitian terhadap pengaruh tingkat kematian dalam perencanaan pensiun karena diperoleh simulasi interval yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor selama melakukan estimasi
Comparison of Forecasting Model Using Chen and Lee High Order Fuzzy Time Series (Farmer’s Terms of Trade of Crops Subsector in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province Case)
Get PDFThe farmer’s terms of trade of food crops subsector (NTPP) in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province has always been below 100 in 2019-2023. Food crops are a substantial agricultural subsector in which its contribution to the PDRB is significant and concerns the food adequacy of the region. NTPP is a proxy indicator to see farmers’ welfare and its value is expected to grow periodically. Therefore, predictive modeling is required to know future NTPP values and to know the purchasing power of food crop farmers. The aim of this research is to compare the accuracy of Chen and Lee model with the high order fuzzy time series for NTPP forecasting in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province. This research uses monthly data from NTPP Nusa Tenggara Timur from January 2016 to October 2024. The research results show that additions up to the 3rd order increase forecast accuracy and the Lee model is more accurate than the Chen model seen from the smaller RMSE and MAPE values. The MAPE values of the 3rd order fuzzy time series Chen and Lee model are 0.5453% and 0.5088% respectively. Based on the MAPE value, the 3rd order Lee model is the most accurate in forecasting NTPP in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province.
The Dynamics of Education Policy Implementation: Insights from USAID\u27s Experience in Kenya
Get PDFThis article explores the intricacies of implementing education policies in Kenya, specifically examining the contributions and obstacles faced by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). This study evaluates the efficacy of USAID\u27s initiatives in the education sector of Kenya, examining the intricacies of cooperation between governmental entities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and civil society groups. The study utilizes a quantitative research methodology and gathers data through a survey delivered to 120 respondents, who were selected to represent government, NGO, and civil society groups. The data is analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study highlights significant barriers such as insufficient government backing and restricted resources, while also emphasizing fruitful partnerships with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and civil society. The research findings emphasize the crucial role of USAID in improving access to education and emphasize the need for more research to address gaps in policy relevance and implementation effectiveness. This paper provides useful insights into the discussion on international development and education reform, presenting proposals for enhancing policy implementation frameworks in Kenya and similar settings
Circular Commoning: Sustaining Dayak Bahau Agency Amid Political and Ecological Change
Get PDFSwidden practices create distinctive agricultural systems deeply situated in local culture, but many of these systems are experiencing transformation and demise around the tropical world. Through varied types of commoning, however, Indigenous groups continue swidden practices as part of their identity and livelihoods. In this article, we explore how the Bahau communities in Indonesia negotiate with the state and private institutions, enabling them to maintain their agricultural traditions as fundamental to their standing as Indigenous People. We apply a commoning framework that prioritizes historical context, adaptation, and collective decision-making in managing the commons. We focus on the Bahau communities residing in the regencies of Mahakam Ulu, West Kutai, and Samarinda City in the Province of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. We conducted field observations and in-depth interviews. We found that despite fading collective labor mobilization systems and lepo pare (public granary) in Bahau communities, various practices persist that shape and sustain community identity, whose inherent value has influenced local state governance. The Bahau prioritize maintaining their livelihoods and exerting a sizable bargaining power over local rules and policies. This creates a circular commoning dynamic and produces a continuous cycle of commons. Such commoning stems from a commitment to traditional values, community-focused local governance, democratic and flexible decision-making, and conflict resolution aligned with customary law. The Bahau’s commoning-driven adaptability in the contexts of political and ecological dynamics provides a constructive analytical framework to examine other communities that share similar principles despite the global pessimism about the resilience of Indigenous People
Ecological Metaphors of Resistance: Mahmoud Darwish’s Poetic Response to Palestinian Occupation
Get PDFThis article explores Mahmoud Darwish’s use of themes of resistance and nature in his poetry, written during his exile, as a response to the occupation of Palestine. Focusing on specific poems from this period, including “A Diary of a Palestinian Wound,” “A Song to the Northern Wind,” “A Soft Rain in a Distant Autumn,” and “I Love You or I Do Not Love You,” the paper examines how Darwish intertwines the enduring spirit of Palestinian resistance with the natural world. Despite his physical separation from Palestine, Darwish’s poetry consistently reflects a potent sense of resistance and defiance. This study analyzes how Darwish utilizes metaphorical representations of Palestinian landscapes to craft a distinctive narrative of righteous resistance against the colonial oppressors of his homeland, as seen in his selected exile poems. The theoretical framework of this research is anchored in postcolonial and ecocritical literary theories, collectively referred to here as an Eco-resistance approach. Through this lens, the study critically investigates Darwish’s exilic poems, uncovering complex notions of Eco-resistance and offering fresh perspectives on the interrelationship between humans and their land as a form of opposition to colonial aggression. The methodologies applied involve close textual analysis and thematic exploration, contextualized within the historical and cultural backdrop of Darwish’s exile. This research provides broader implications for contemporary understandings of social hierarchies, illustrating how literature can redefine resistance and challenge narratives of colonization by emphasizing the integral connection between people and their environment
Elliptic particles in the Holy Qurʼān: Implications on English Translation Accuracy and Understanding of Selected Verses
Get PDFThis paper focuses on the challenge of translating elliptic particles in the Holy Qurʼān, a subtle linguistic feature often overlooked by translators due to its implicit nature. Elliptic particles pose significant challenges for translators, given that they are not always immediately apparent and require deep reading of Qurʼānic exegeses. Although there are many studies on Qurʼānic ellipsis, the specific focus on elliptic particles remains scarce. The present paper fills this gap by examining how elliptic particles are rendered in selected English translations of selected verses and evaluating the strategies employed in terms of accuracy and clarity. Through qualitative content analysis and comparative evaluation of three key English translations of twelve selected verses, the study findings revealed that while literal translation was predominantly used and often ensured precise and comprehensible renditions, it in a few cases resulted in misconceptions. In contrast, explicitation strategy offers enhanced clarity and readability. These findings thus contribute to the field of translation studies by underlining the need for a balance between fidelity to the original text and accessibility of the translation. The findings also suggest that translation strategies must carefully account for both linguistic precision and reader comprehension to ensure accurate delivery of the Qurʼānic message
A Linguistic Landscape Study in Kya Kya Surabaya, Indonesia
Get PDFKya Kya, known as Kembang Jepun, has transitioned from a predominantly Chinese cultural hub to a diverse economic and social space reflecting Indonesia\u27s multicultural identity. Using data collected from 130 signs across the district, combined with interview, this research examines language usage categorized as monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual, shedding light on the motives behind language selection. As a result, Indonesian emerges as the dominant language across all categories, reflecting its role as the national language. However, other languages such as Chinese, English, Dutch, and Javanese contribute to the district\u27s linguistic diversity. Bilingual signage highlights the coexistence of globalization and the enduring presence of the Chinese community, while multilingual signs underline the area\u27s multicultural identity. This study demonstrates how language in public spaces reflects Kya Kya’s evolving identity, shaped by historical legacies, cultural interactions, and social transformations. The findings provide valuable insights into the linguistic landscape of Surabaya and its relevance to broader discussions on language, culture, and urban identity in Indonesia
The Representation of Personal Resilience in Ghea Indrawari\u27s Song Terima Kasih Sudah Bertahan: A Semiotic Analysis
Get PDFTerima Kasih Sudah Bertahan is a song by Ghea Indrawari that narrates an emotional journey and personal experiences in facing life’s challenges. This study aims to analyze the representation of personal resilience in the song through three aspects: commitment, control, and challenge, using Roland Barthes\u27 semiotic approach. The research data includes verbal texts (song lyrics) and nonverbal texts (visuals from the music video) sourced from the YouTube channel HITS Records – Music Video Terima Kasih Sudah Bertahan. Data collection techniques involved listening, note-taking, and screenshot methods. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing more on meaning-making than generalization. The findings reveal that the representation of personal resilience in this song is portrayed through a strong commitment to endure and not give up, effective self-control in facing difficulties, and challenges faced with courage and determination