Universitas Hasanuddin: e-Journals
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The Role of OECD in the Issuance of Indonesia’s Personal Data Protection Law: A Norm Localization Approach
Get PDFWith the increase in digital technologies adoption, governments are expected to balance the dual objectives of securing national interests and upholding citizens\u27 rights to personal data protection. In Indonesia, data governance has traditionally followed a state-centric model, as portrayed in the Electronic Information and Transactions (EIT) Law in 2008. However, a notable shift occurred in 2022 with the enactment of the Personal Data Protection Law, signalling Indonesia’s transition toward a more people-centric approach to data governance. It raises a question, why Indonesia changes its perspective from state centric to people centric approach in data governance? The author argues that OECD has taken a big role in this changing perspective. This research aims to examine the influence of OECD as a multilateral organization by great powers in shaping perspectives on data governance in Indonesia. Norm localization theory by Acharya (2009) suggests that success in this localization process depends on credible local actors and institutional compatibility. In Indonesia’s case, Airlangga Hartarto and the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs fulfilled that role, negotiating national legitimacy and local constraints while translating the OECD’s liberal and open data governance agenda into tangible legal reform. Also, Indonesia’s Presidency in G20 as well as data breach and cyber-incident during IMEI registration procedure since 2020 help accelerate the issuance of Personal Data Protection Law. By combining OECD normative influence with a domestic elite predisposed to liberalization, the adoption of the Personal Data Protection Law is more than mere policy transfer. It represents norm localization, where imported norms are reinterpreted, adapted, and entrenched into Indonesia\u27s legal system
Singapore as A Norm Entrepreneur in Strengthening Regional Cybersecurity through the Development of ASEAN CERT
Get PDFThis article examines the development of ASEAN Computer Emergency Response Team (ASEAN CERT), which has experienced significant progress influenced by Singapore’s role as both an initiator and a technical norm entrepreneur in regional cybersecurity. Singapore’s active role is closely tied to its domestic interests in cybersecurity and its relevance to the progress of digital transformation, which remains vulnerable to cyber threats. Although ASEAN CERT has been adopted by consensus among all ASEAN member states, its implementation faces challenges due to differing understandings of the importance of CERT, as well as gaps in cybersecurity capacity and capability among ASEAN countries, which may hinder its implementation. This study aims to explore Singapore’s strategic position in utilizing its resources to bridge the technical CERT gap through the ASEAN cooperation framework, as well as to explore the potential of ASEAN CERT in supporting the development of ASEAN countries’ technical capacity and contributing to existing international norms
Legal Realism Perspective on the International Court of Justice Judges in the 2023–2024 Israeli Occupation of Palestine
Get PDFThe research analyzes how legal and political factors, as well as personal considerations, influence judges\u27 decisions at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in the 2023-2024 South Africa v. Israel case. From a legal realist perspective, this paper analyzes the work of 15 judges of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). The study explores the potential impact of national ties, political contexts, and external interest groups on the court\u27s temporary orders. The present study posits that extraneous power relations, interest groups, and interest-based partnerships, alongside political alliances, can influence the judicial system\u27s administration of justice. The article\u27s conclusion posits that, despite the ostensible autonomy of International Court of Justice (ICJ) judges, their jurisprudence in political cases often aligns with the foreign policies of their respective nations. This observation calls into question the prevailing concept of legal fairness within the framework of international law. The findings show that judges vote in line with their states’ geopolitical interests in which political alignments steer judicial reasoning
Legal Protection for Digital Wallet Users Regarding Transactions Without Verification
Get PDFThis research aims to analyze the legal protection available to digital wallet users who experience balance reductions due to unverified transactions and to examine Bank Indonesia’s supervision of digital wallet services. This research employs an empirical legal approach using both primary and secondary data. The data collected were then processed and analyzed descriptively and qualitatively to draw conclusions and provide recommendations for addressing the identified issues. The research shows that legal protection for digital wallet users who experience balance reductions due to unverified transactions is regulated under Article 4 letter h of the Consumer Protection Act, Article 48 letters i and j of PBI 3/2023, Article 177 letter c of PBI 23/6/PBI/2021, and Article 32 of PADG 20/2023. Affected users may file complaints with Bank Indonesia under Article 52 of PBI 3/2023, which will be addressed through education, consultation, and facilitation. Bank Indonesia\u27s supervision is carried out through both direct and indirect methods, including the evaluation of reports, self-assessments, documents, and periodic or ad hoc inspections to ensure that service providers implement consumer protection principles in all business activities
Perlindungan Hukum Dalam Pengajuan Kredit Secara Digital
Get PDFIn credit distribution carried out through digital banking services, credit application approval and data verification are processed more quickly than when done conventionally. This raises concerns about legal protection for providing credit or other financing and could result in losses for the bank and also the Debtor Customer if it continues. The purpose of this research is review and discuss whether the digital procedure to acquire credit could provide protection for the parties and the legal procedures to achieve a resolution for the parties involved. The legal research method used for this research is based on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, and uses a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the research show that the prudent principle must be implemented effectively to determine whether the prospective Debtor Customer can be trusted and is able to make payments so that both parties do not experience losses. How quickly the approval of credit applications made through digital banking services shows that the implementation of prudent principles has not been implemented properly when compared to credit applications made conventionally. Legal protection for the parties involved can be implemented by using relevant laws and regulations as a form of preventive legal protection. There is also repressive legal protection in the form of alternative dispute resolution or through civil lawsuits in court
Determination of the Shortest Route with the Djikstra Algortima in the Operation of Aplousing and Maintenance of Shipping Navigation Aids (SBNP)
No full textThis study aims to implement the djikstra algorithm to overcome the problem of optimizing the shortest route determination in aplousing and maintenance activities of Shipping Navigation Assistance Facilities (SBNP) in the working area of the Tanjung Perak Type A Navigation District Office. The Navigation Pier has historically been a strategic facility to face the challenges of maintaining fuel efficiency, sailing times and reducing emissions in environmental pollution due to suboptimal routes. The djikstra algorithm is known to be effective in finding the shortest route on a weighted graph by representing strategic location points such as ports and marine navigation areas as nodes and the distance between nodes is calculated using the haversine formula based on geographic coordinates as weights. Before the implementation of travel route optimization, a total mileage of 1,210.30 km was obtained and after the optimization was applied using the djikstra algorithm, a total mileage of 1,110.44 km was obtained. This comparison shows a significant distance savings of 99.86 km or 8.25% travel efficiency. This optimization is able to contribute to time reduction, fuel savings and reduction of environmental pollution exhaust gas emissions so that it is able to optimize the operational effectiveness of ships as a whole. This study confirms the positive and relevant capabilities to be applied in shipping navigation route planning and support decision-making in the management of sea routes or logistics transportation in areas with a varied distribution of mileage points that require high efficiency and mobility. In the next research, it is hoped that it will be able to add external factors such as sea currents, waves, and wind according to the geographical characteristics of the territorial waters so that the results of route planning can be more accurate in the real operational area in the shipping work area
PERAN SELF-ESTEEM TERHADAP ACADEMIC RESILIENCE PADA MAHASISWA DALAM MENGHADAPI TANTANGAN EARLY ADULTHOOD DALAM BUDAYA KOLEKTIVISME DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Get PDFFase dewasa awal merupakan tahuk mempersiapkan diri menuju masa depan, sehingga individu kerap dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan khususnya mereka yang memilih untuk menjadi mahasiswa karena dengan melanjutkan pendidikan ke jenjang lebih tinggi sebagai upaya memperluas peluang untuk mewujudkan keberhasilan. Ketika individu tidak punya keterampilan untuk bertahan dalam melewati hambatan akademik maka berdampak pada produktifitas individu. Adanya pemberian evaluasi positif pada diri sendiri (self-esteem) dapat meningkatkan academic resilience. Penelitian ini bermaksud agar mengetahui apa ada korelasi yang signifikan antara self-esteem dan academic resilience pada mahasiswa dalam menghadapi tantangan early adulthood. Studi ini memakai pendekatan kuantitatif desain korelasional dengan subjek kajian berupa mahasiswa dalam menghadapi tantangan early adulthood. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan bahwasanya ada korelasi yang signifikan dan positif antara self-esteem dengan academic resilience pada mahasiswa dalam menghadapi tantangan early adulthood. Eksistensi budaya kolektivistik juga ikut serta memberikan dampak pada proses mental dan perilaku dalam menjalani dinamika usia dewasa awal di Indonesia
The Effect of Contact Time of Javabark Adsorbent (Lannea coromandelica ( houtt.)merr) on Cd (II) Adsorption Capacity
Get PDFAccording to Indonesian Minister of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023, the maximum limit for cadmium in bottled water is 0.003 mg/L. In this study, tannin biosorbents were used from the extraction of Javanese bark. Javanese bark contains tannin compounds that have the potential to bind heavy metals. This study aims to determine the effect of varying contact times of Java wood bark biosorbent on the adsorption capacity of Cd (II). The method used is an experiment to study the effect of contact time of Java wood bark biosorbent on the adsorbate. The contact times used for the Java wood bark biosorbent were 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 minutes. The residual Cd (II) concentration in the solution was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacity of Cd (II) at contact times of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, and 160 minutes was 0.073; 0.075; 0.078; 0.079; 0.116; 0.060, 0.052; 0.035 mg/g. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the longer the contact time of the biosorbent in the adsorption of Cd (II) metal, the adsorption capacity will increase until it reaches the optimal contact time. After reaching the optimal contact time, adsorption decreases due to the desorption process. In this study, the optimal contact time for Java wood bark biosorbent was obtained at 100 minutes with an adsorption capacity of 0.116 mg/g.
Keywords:Tannin;Cadmium;Adsorption;Biosorbent;Javabark
European Option Pricing Using Trinomial Method with Dividend
Get PDFThe accurate valuation of European options is a primary challenge in quantitative finance, particulary when dividend payment influence the underlying stock price. Convetional option pricing models often overlook the dividend variable or face computational complexities that reduce the accuracy and stability of the result. This study aims to determine the value of Eropean-style options using the trinomial method with dividend payments. The trinomial method with dividend was applied to five stock with the same period and expiration date. Based on the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) calculation, it can be concluded that the trinomial model used to predict option prices has varying levels of accuracy. The result show the MAPE values for a 2.25 month dividend as follows: AAPL at 27.11% for calls and 25.86% for puts; MSFT at 10.03% for calls and 4.57% for puts; AON at 7.56% for calls and 6.52% for puts; IBM at 24.96% for calls and 15.22% for puts; and META at 17.46% for calls and 28.59% for puts. Meanshile, the MAPE calvulation for a 3 month dividend yielded: AAPL at 27.13% for call and 25.86% for puts; MSFT at 10.03% for calls and 4.57% for puts; AON at 7.94% for calls and 7.69% for puts; IBM at 24.96% for calls and 15.22% for puts; and META at 17.46% for calls and 28.59% for puts. Oevrall, the calculations show aggregate MAPE values of 17.42% for calls and 16.15% for puts (2.25 month dividend), and 17.50% for calls and 16.39% for puts (3 month dividend). This indicates that the trinomial model, which accounts for distributions, produces values thah approximate actual option prices
Application of Small Area Estimation for Global Hunger Index at Regency/Municipality Level in Papua Island
Get PDFReducing hunger is one of the primary targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 2: Zero Hunger. The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is a key indicator used to measure hunger, comprising four components: the prevalence of undernourishment (PoU), child mortality rate, child stunting, and wasting. While PoU and child mortality data are available at the district/city level across Indonesia, limited data on stunting and wasting in several makes it difficult to calculate the GHI at the local level. Data limitations hinder the formulation of locally targeted policies. This study aims GHI in Papua Province using the Small Area Estimation (SAE) approach. Data sources include the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey and Podes 2021. , while wasting is estimated using the Hierarchical Bayes Beta approach. that SAE improves estimation precision compared to direct estimation, as reflec by . Estimates reveal GHI may vary in category between serious to extremely alarming, with Jayapura City having the lowest and Dogiyai as the highest GHI in Papua.