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A review of ADHD detection studies with machine learning methods using rsfMRI data
No full textAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common mental health condition that significantly affects school-age children, causing difficulties with learning and daily functioning. Early identification is crucial, and reliable and objective diagnostic tools are necessary. However, current clinical evaluations of behavioral symptoms can be inconsistent and subjective. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a non-invasive technique that has proven effective in detecting brain abnormalities in individuals with ADHD. Recent studies have shown promising outcomes in using resting state fMRI (rsfMRI)-based brain functional networks to diagnose various brain disorders, including ADHD. Several review papers have examined the detection of other diseases using fMRI data and machine learning or deep learning methods. However, no review paper has specifically addressed ADHD. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to the literature by reviewing the use of rsfMRI data and machine learning methods for detection of ADHD. The study provides general information about fMRI databases and detailed knowledge of the ADHD-200 database, which is commonly used for ADHD detection. It also emphasizes the importance of examining all stages of the process, including network and atlas selection, feature extraction, and feature selection, before the classification stage. The study compares the performance, advantages, and disadvantages of previous studies in detail. This comprehensive approach may be a useful starting point for new researchers in this area. This review paper aims to give a comprehensive study that summarizes the state of the art. We believe this kind of review will accelerate researchers new to ADHD detection studies and will be a great starting point. imageBiophysics || Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging || Spectroscop
HIGHER EDUCATION, AND THE FUTURE OF DISTANCE TEACHING AND PERCEPTIONS OF ACADEMICS || AN INVESTIGATION IN TURKEY
No full textPurpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze distance education and explore the implications for tourism education from the perspective of academics in the higher education Design - This study was designed as exploratory research in order to measure its effects on the university academics. Methodology - A questionnaire-based survey was used to collect data. A total of 408 questionnaires from participants were found to be a satisfactory sample. Simple random sampling technique was used by selecting a sample of academics who were teaching distance education in universities in Turkey, of which 228 were from tourism and the rest were from other social science departments. Findings - The system entails an excessive workload for faculty to provide satisfactory preparation, while some technical problems such as interruptions and disconnections occurred frequently. It was also found that the system is less interactive, does not provide control over students' examination, and it is difficult to keep students interested in active participation. This system was found to be less effective and impractical than traditional on-site instruction in subject areas, especially where hands-on practice is required. Originality of the research - This study reveals the views of instructors during and immediately after the Covid 19 pandemic, and it is also one of the first studies to examine instructors' opinions on distance education, including suggestions for professionals as their scholarly and applicable contributions.Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Touris
Revisiting the Potential of Seed Nutri-Priming to Improve Stress Resilience and Nutritive Value of Cereals in the Context of Current Global Challenges
No full textMost crop species are cultivated in nutrient-deficient soils, in combination with other challenging constraints that are exacerbated by the current climate changes. The significance of micronutrient shortage in stress management is often underappreciated, although their deficiency restricts both plant growth and resistance to abiotic stresses and diseases. While the application of nutrients to growing plants is a potential strategy to improve plant resistance to abiotic stresses, seed nutrient status may also play a role in crop stress tolerance as a storage and accumulation site of nutrients. To avoid hidden hunger problems, developing countries need to increase domestic cereal production, enhance their resilience to extreme weather events, and improve their nutritional status and quality. Here, we analyze the accumulated knowledge about the effects of nutri-priming in cereal crop species with a focus on mechanisms of application and stress tolerance, keeping in mind the risk of crop damage mostly caused by global climate change, which is driving an alarming increase in the frequency and intensity of abiotic stresses. We also propose new approaches to food production, which may be promising solutions for global warming, emerging diseases, and geopolitical conflicts recognized as major drivers of food insecurity.Agronomy || Plant Science
A solution approach proposal with a lean perspective for the poultry sector with WRM and BWM integration
No full textPurposeThis study aims to analyze lean wastes for the poultry sector in Turkey and link lean tools to this study, focusing on identifying each lean waste that affects poultry production and proposing solutions for preventing these lean wastes in the sector. The proposed solutions aim to improve processes by suggesting different lean tools and their applications for the poultry sector.Design/methodology/approachThe study consists of two different applications. First, the waste relationship matrix (WRM) was created to reveal the relationship between seven lean wastes and their importance order. Then, after determining lean tools for eliminating lean wastes, the optimum weight ranking and consistency ratio of the most suitable lean tools were calculated for these wastes and ranked with the best-worst method (BWM).FindingsResults showed that overproduction is the most critical waste that impacts other wastes, followed by defect waste. Due to the nature of the sector, these wastes not only result in economic loss for the company but also in food waste and loss and issues related to animal welfare. Furthermore, the Kaizen approach and 5S implementation are the methods to eliminate these wastes. Detailed discussion on the link between lean tools and lean wastes is provided for the poultry sector.Originality/valueThis is the first study that theoretically and empirically identifies the potential lean waste affecting the poultry sector and provides lean tools for eliminating these wastes. Sector-specific explanations and discussions are presented in the study to show the applicability of lean approaches in the poultry sector to eliminate waste. In addition, this study is the first to integrate the WRM and BWM.Managemen
The role of agri-food 4.0 in climate-smart farming for controlling climate change-related risks: A business perspective analysis
No full textThe impact of climate change, including fires, droughts and storms, on natural resources and agricultural output is increasing. In addition to these problems, resource depletion and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, agriculture also contributes to global warming. To reduce the dangers of climate change, farmers are using sustainable practices. This article aims to link agri-food 4.0 technology with climate-smart agriculture (CSA) to lessen the two-way interaction (both affecting and impacted) between the agricultural sector and global warming, as well as dangers related to the agri-food business. In light of this information, the research methodology of the paper is twofold. Initially, related risks towards climate change and the CSA and agri-food 4.0 technologies to overcome these risks were determined through a literature review. Then, risks and technologies are evaluated by adopting the TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese for Interactive and Multicriteria Decision Making), which is used for evaluating the criteria set with the related technologies to overcome climate change-related risks and provide a guiding map for academics and practitioners to eliminate risks associated with these climate change-related factors. According to the study's findings, the highest-priority concerns in the agri-food industries that are connected to climate change include energy consumption, food safety and GHG emissions. Internet of Things (IoT), bio-innovation and artificial intelligence are thought to be the most promising technological solutions to address these problems.Business || Environmental Studies || Managemen
A review of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter architecture and filter design technologies
No full textIn this review article, transmission line technologies are compared in terms of loss, dimension, production cost, ease of integration and design complexity. The basic design stages of the Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) filter, which stands out with its advantages among transmission lines, are given. Current studies using different SIW filter technologies have been examined in the literature. The quality factors of the examined SIW filters were calculated and a comparison was made between the applied techniques. In addition, the methods applied in the literature to eliminate the harmonic and high mode effects that adversely affect the SIW filter performance are examined and the results are evaluated.Engineering, Multidisciplinar
Restorative Effects of Virtual Nature on the Emotional Well-being of Community-dwelling Older Adults
No full textObjective: Given the loss of direct nature contact due to urbanisation and demonstrated psychological benefits of nature, the question arises as to whether direct nature contact can be virtually substituted or supplemented in the elderly living in isolation from nature. Although a number of studies have demonstrated the restorative effects of virtual nature in old age, their results are inconclusive and complicated by the novelty of virtual reality (VR) experience, participants' nature connectedness and their previous nature contact. Therefore, a study was conducted for increasing our limited understanding of the subject. Materials and Methods: Community-dwelling older adults living in highly urbanised areas of Turkey volunteered for the study. After excluding the ineligible volunteers and collecting information on sample characteristics, 60 participants, who were assigned to two study groups, watched 6-minute 360 degrees videos of nature and urban settings on two separate occasions. On these occasions, they reported on their affective states, the restorativeness of the environments in those videos and their nature visit frequency. Results: VR experience was new and tolerable for the majority of the participants. Unlike the urban video, the nature video significantly improved participants' affective states and was reported to be more restorative and favourable. Neither participants' nature connectedness nor their nature visit frequency, which was found to be generally low, did not have a moderating effect on the results. Conclusion: Virtual indirect contact with nature can be effectively used, especially for those living in heavily urbanised areas, to maintain or improve psychological well-being in old age.Geriatrics & Gerontolog
LEVERAGING FINANCIAL LITERACY INTO SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: A MEDIATED-MODERATED MODEL
No full textPurpose - The current study evaluates the linkage between financial literacy and the sustainable business performance model with access to finance and fintech adoption. Further, the moderating role of top management support in the linkage between financial literacy toward access to finance and fintech adoption was verified. Research methodology - This research was conducted in the SME sector in Indonesia. The sample frame were 261 SMEs and 783 respondents from three levels of management. Data was collected in the October-December 2023 period. Data were obtained utilizing Likert-scaled questionnaires and analyzed using SmartPLS. Findings - The results demonstrate that financial literacy is an instrumental driver of access to finance and fintech adoption that promotes sustainability performance. Subsequently, the study highlights the critical role of access to finance and fintech adoption as the mediator and top management support as moderator. Research limitations - The study is solely performed on the SME sector in one country || thus, the findings' generalization is lacking. Practical implications - SME managers need to upgrade their financial literacy because financially knowledgeable managers are keenly informed of the costs, benefits, and risks related to funding schemes to encourage sustainable performance. Originality/Value / Value - Empirical research that explores the implication of financial literacy on access to finance and fintech adoption in promoting sustainability performance is lacking, reported solely on manufacturing companies and banks. Meanwhile, the SME sector, especially in developing countries, is understudied. Consequently, the initial study leads the examination of financial literacy's role in enhancing access to finance and fintech adoption to foster the sustainability performance of SMEs.Business || Economics || Managemen
Energy, exergy and economic assessments of wind turbine alternatives
No full textIn this study, two wind turbine installation alternatives for a residential district of 20 detached houses in six different European cities are considered. Firstly, the installation of an individual residential scale (5 kW) wind turbine for each house is considered. Secondly, the installation of a single wind turbine having the same total installed capacity (100 kW) is evaluated. The alternatives are compared according to annual energy production, exergy efficiencies and simple payback time. The results pointed that the use of a single wind turbine is better that the use of individual residential scale wind turbines for small communities or districts.Thermodynamics || Energy & Fuel
Examining the Role of Political Party Predispositions and Polarized Media on Network Agenda Setting: The Case of Syrian Refugees in Turkiye
No full textThe aim of this study is to investigate the association between the media and the public network agendas concerning Syrian refugees in Turkiye, as an exemplar of a polarized media system within the context of a competitive authoritarian regime to gain insight into the cognitive effects of media in such a context internationally. Large-scale media and nationally representative mind-mapping survey data analysis show that the media's network agenda is only significantly transferred to the pro-government individuals, while no significant effect was found on pro-opposition individuals from any media outlet regardless of their political stances. Implications are discussed.Communicatio