Advanced Research Publications: Science Journals
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HIV alters the function of Cytotoxic T- Lymphocytes (CTL) and Antigen presenting cells (APC)
No full textThe CD8+ T cell killing of HIV infected target cells are mediated through secretion of granzymes and perforin. The CD4+ T cell secreted cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ are known to play a major role in CD8+ T cell survival and function. In this work, it has been observed that endogenous IFN-γ does regulate the expression of perforin and granzymes. In support of this hypothesis, the addition of rIFN-γ to CD8+ T cells showed an increased expression of granzymes and perforin. Next, the effect of HIV proteins Tat and Nef were tested on the effector functions of macrophages and T cells. It was observed that Tat down- regulates the expression of CD40, IL-12 and TNF-α, ut no effect was observed on the expression of TGF-β. These results suggest that Tat may down- regulate the CD40 expression on macrophages, hich would result in the inhibition of CD40 induced IL-12 and it may result in diminished IFN-γ producing Th1 cells. The effect of Tat and Nef were also tested on the expression of perforin and granzymes from T cells. It was observed that Tat and Nef seem to have a synergistic effect with anti- CD3 in the expression of granzymes and perforin. In addition, the expression profile of various cytokines were tested on HIV infected and uninfected human PBMCs. The observations suggest that HIV infection results in skewing of T cells response towards a Th2 type, as it is evident by the increased expression of IL-4, IL-10 and decreased expression of IFN-γ and IL-2
Estimation of seroprevalence of Avian Encephalomyelitis in different parts of India
No full textAvian Encephalomyelitis (AE) is a viral disease of young chicken. Hepatovirus of Picornaviridae family is responsible for the disease, causing central nervous system signs. It is highly prevalent worldwide causing mortality up to 65%. Prevalence study of AE in broiler breeders was undertaken in various states of India in present research. Its occurrence was found in almost every region (average 10.3%) and it had affected egg production and impacted the farms economically. Higher prevalence of the disease was found in Telangana state (14.9%), followed by Madhya Pradesh (12.5%) and Haryana (11.1%). Age wise seroprevalence was also studied in research, where it was found that birds aging 30-45 weeks were highly prone to the disease (25%). Effect of seasons was also investigated on the occurrence of AE, where it was revealed that 21% of the birds were infected with AE in the monsoo
Green Synthesis of Gold Nano Particles XVI: Green Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nano Particles using the Extract of Cinnamon or Dal chini (Cinnamomum verum) and Study of its Cytotoxicity Properties
No full textThe synthesis of eco-friendly nanoparticles is evergreen branch of nanoscience for biomedical application. Low cost of synthesis and non toxicity are main features make it more attractive potential option for biomedical field and elsewhere Gold nanoparticles are traditionally synthesized by reducing metallic agents. There are a number of reducing agents reported in the literature for the synthesis of AuNps. These methods are toxic methods. In the present investigation, green synthesis of gold nano particles has been carried out using eco-friendly method such as the Spices extract of Cinnamon. The nano particles so synthesised were characterized by Uv-visible and TEM analysis. The Cellular Internalization studies of AuNps provide new opportunities for probing cellular processes via nanoparticulate-mediated imaging. The cytotoxicity studies clearly demonstrate that the phytochemicals within these Spices provide a nontoxic coating on AuNps
Education and the School System: Ideological State Apparatus and Its Use in Literature
No full textIf we wonder how ideology plays a very key role in producing literature in society, Plato’s text “The Republic” can come in handy in understanding this politics. Most people believe that literature and other art forms are mere mirrors of society or just a fragment of the creative imagination of the poet or author. But the process of literary productions is not as simple as that. There are multiple layers of politics involved in how these literary texts come into being, how some texts become a major part of the literary canon, how other texts are lost in time, or further some texts are even subject to bans. This has a lot to do with the dominant ideologies of the time and place of a literary production. At one point Marxist ideology had mostly to do with the economic production, but with further interpolations many philosophers and critics were able to introduce Marxist ideology into the realm of literary production. Plato’s text which is in fact a kind of treatise regarding many political and social concerns goes on and on about how one can produce a kind of proper education among children with the means of prose and poetry, be it fiction or otherwise and music as well
Print Industry Trends and Developments
No full textIn ancient time when language was not developed and man not speck than they communicate to each other through signs and body language. After that man develop signs, language and try to write on rocks in forms of words, paintings, images and signs. Innovation and development is the nature of the human being and this is also a regular process for the human development. In this connection print media is the best medium of the communication and this is an essential part of human life. Printed word also have an impact on readers. We can forget listen word, we can forget TV visuals which is seen by us and we cannot get it easily as per requirement, but in print media we can get printed word and photographs as per our requirement and we have opportunity to see and read it again and again also. Printing, means of producing reproduction of written material, text or image in multiple copies. In 1452, Gutenberg started printing his most famous project, the Gutenberg Bible. He managed to produce a total of two hundred copies of the bible, and he offered them for sale at the Frankfurt Book Fair in 1455. After that printing technology regularly develop in the world. In this connection various trends and development came in market including Offset Lithography, Letterpress, Digital Printing, Engraving Printing, Electrostatic Printing, 3D printing technology etc.. In this connection many newspapers, magazine, publication and print media houses are using different-different printing technology in these. So finally we can say printing technology is essential for the communication. At present scenario without printing technology communication is not possible very much.
Preservation of e-Resources in science research libraries in Pune city
No full textElectronic resources are playing vital role in scientific study by providing timely access to the required information. There is need preserve e-Resources content to support scientific research. The present study is an attempt to examine the efforts taken by science research libraries in the Pune city for preserving e-Resources. The study reveals that there is urgent need for developing preservation programme for preservation of e-Resources.
Identifying Problems and Suggestions for Improving the Services N-LIST E-Resources for Better Academic Pursuits
No full textThis research paper explains the usage of the N-LIST e-resources among the students and faculty members of the various select degree colleges affiliated to Panjab University, Chandigarh. A questionnaire method was used as a tool for collection of data from the 32 select degree colleges in Punjab and Chandigarh. The total data was collected from 466 out of 513 respondents. The total response rate is 90.84%. Out of 466 respondents, total 286 are user (faculty and student) respondents and 180 are non-user (faculty and student) respondents. The statistical test has been applied and the inferences have been drawn thereof for identifying the problems of N-LIST e-resources and to provide suggestions for aiming at improving the users’ academic pursuits and learning outcomes.
Activities of Daily Living among the Oldest-old People: A Rural Urban Study
No full textThe functional status like activities of daily living (ADL) is the most important health problem of the aged population, which is related to their quality of life and the nursing burden of the family. Therefore, activities that are required to function independently in daily life, so-called activities of daily living (ADLs), have long been seen as essential measures of disability in ageing studies. The present paper aims to measure the activities of daily living (ADL) of some ‘oldest-old’ population living in both rural and urban areas of Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal, India. The ADL functional statuses with respect to eating, dressing, getting in and out of a bed or a chair, using the toilet, bathing, and continence have been used to measure the elderly’s degree of independence in daily living. Data on ADL assessments of the individual respondents have been collected by interview technique and observation method with the help of a structured questionnaire. The study demonstrates that, on an average, the oldest-old rural population of Medinipur district under study enjoys more degree of independence in daily living compared to their urban counterparts
Some fixed-point theorem in Complete 2-metric Spaces
No full textIn this article, we prove some common fixed-point theorems in complete 2-metric space satisfying new rational contractive conditions in 2-metric space. The main results in this article is a generalization of many existing results in this literature.Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H10, 54H25.