Journals of UMT (University of Management and Technology, Lahore)
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Best HRM Practices or Context-Specific HRM Practices: Evidence from the Telecommunications Sector of Pakistan
Full text linkThe current study attempted to explore the idea of convergence versus divergence of best Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in the context of Pakistan. In recent years, the businesses of multinational companies have grown immensely. This, in turn, has raised a debate of divergence vs. convergence of management practices in general and HRM practices, in particular, due to socio-cultural constructs that exist in a society. While, a major part of the international HRM literature has focused on the developed countries or the Western world. The current study, however, examined the convergence vs. divergence of the best HRM practices of a developing country, keeping in view the individual cultural values that people possess. The data was collected through a survey questionnaire technique from the telecommunications sector of Pakistan, which comprises Multinational Companies’ (MNCs) subsidiaries. The results showed that the best HRM practices should be carried out by incorporating the cultural values of the host country. However, there are certain practices that people prefer to follow in a standardized manner. Hence, the managers working in MNCs’ subsidiaries are suggested to incorporate and take into account the cultural variations while designing the HRM policies and practices. The current study also provided insights into the Pakistani culture for international research and the business community as well
New Classical Theory holds in case of Pakistan: An Evidence from Micro data
No full textMigration is an active procedure and it plays a vital role in the growth of the country. There are many determinants and factors of migration such as wage, employment, education, age, marriage, and job-related variables (Job search, transfer of job) (Labour Force Survey of Pakistan). The migration may be internal, external, regional, and rural-urban. This study examines the intertemporal analysis of rural-urban migration in Pakistan by using micro data (Labour Force Survey of Pakistan). This study also investigates that “Neo Classical Theory of Migration” holds in case of Pakistan. The dependent variable is migration which is binary or dichotomous, so the objectives of study are estimated by the logistic regression model. The results show that the Neo-classical theory exists in case of Pakistan, and wage is the most significant and positive determinant of migration in Pakistan.
 
Potential Impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on Pakistan’s National Integration
Full text linkChina's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a comprehensive strategy aimed at fostering socioeconomic progress and facilitating global regional integration. Within South Asia, the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a key component of BRI, with the potential to enhance regional integration and bolster national unity within Pakistan. However, the implementation of CPEC has led to various tensions between the central and provincial governments of Pakistan. Therefore, the current study attempted to examine the impact of CPEC on addressing inter-provincial and federal-provincial disparities through compromises and dialogues. By analyzing the relationship between economic development and national integration, insights from the theory of nation-building shed light on the key factors driving this discourse. The study concluded that when economic development is equitable and inclusive, it may help to create a sense of shared identity and belongingness among the citizens of a country. It is important to ensure that the benefits of economic development are shared equitably among all provinces of Pakistan
Profitability of Reversals in Emerging Asian Economies: Role of Industries as Drivers
Full text linkThe current study attempted to examine the predictive ability of industry-specific factors for contrarian strategy payoffs in the Asian emerging markets, that is, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. By employing portfolio formation and subsequent rebalancing methodology, the empirical findings provided evidence for short-term industry contrarian effect. Using the data spanning different market states, the study determined that industry contrarian effect was stronger during the Asian and global financial crisis. On the other hand, industry momentum effect was evident after the global financial crisis and during the COVID-19 epidemic. The overall findings imply that industrial aspect cannot be neglected while interpreting the returns of trading strategies in emerging markets. A market timing-based contrarian strategy incorporating industrial factors may create the possibilities of higher strategy returns. The findings imply that the emerging markets in South Asia are not weak-form efficient because various industry-related factors offer higher return opportunities to investors and fund managers
Pride as a Catalyst for Student Engagement and Performance: The Roles of Psychological Capital and Teacher-Student Relationships
Full text linkThis study explores positive emotions in the context of students, focusing on the constructive impact of pride. The research aims to enhance the practical understanding of positive emotions centered around the broaden and build theory. Additionally, based on social learning theory, the article examines the moderating role of teacher-student relationship (TSR) to identify the association between psychological capital (PsyCap) and students' outcomes. To analyze the effects of pride on students' outcomes, PsyCap is introduced as a mediating mechanism, elucidating its influence on the relationship between pride and academic performance and engagement. Data from 328 students in diverse universities in Pakistan support our model, and the findings reveal a positive correlation between pride and academic performance and engagement. Moreover, TSR moderates the link between PsyCap and academic performance and student engagement. The positive association between PsyCap and academic performance and engagement strengthens when TSR is strong. This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the significance of positive emotions, particularly pride, in the academic context. The implications extend to theoretical and practical realms, providing insights into cultivating positive emotions and fostering a strong TSR. However, acknowledging study limitations, future research directions are required to address them
Impact of Reward System on Academic Staff Engagement (ASE) and Organisational Performance (OP) in Technical Universities (TUs): A Case of Ghana
Full text linkReward systems are significant organisational management tools for acquiring, retaining, and motivating potential employees and for attaining higher levels of performance. The primary goal of this research is to explore the impact of reward system on academic staff engagement and organisational performance in selected Technical Universities (TUs) in Ghana. To achieve the objective, data was collected using Google Forms from 315 academic staff working at 5 selected TUs. Afterwards, it was gathered in SMART PLS (SEM) and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that (i) Academic Staff Engagement (ASE) has a significant positive effect on Reward System (RS), (ii) RS has a significant positive effect on Organisational Performance (OP), (iii) ASE influences OP, and (iv) RS significantly mediates the relationship between ASE and OP. Therefore, the findings suggested that the organisational reward system and academic staff engagement are critical human resource factors for improving the performance of the technical institutions. The outcome of this research calls for the policy makers and the TUs management to consider reward system and academic staff engagement programs as tools for driving institutional performance. The study also contributes significantly to the knowledge and the application of ASE, RS, and OP in theory and practice in the context of higher education institutions
Dynamics of Team-Member Exchange (TMX): A Bibliometric Analysis
Full text linkTeam-Member Exchange (TMX) and its associated positive organizational outcomes have garnered significant interest among organizational researchers and psychologists. To address this interest, the current research through bibliometric analysis reviewed TMX and its profound impact on the related concepts within organizational research. Utilizing a targeted search on Scopus, 113 articles were shortlisted. The substantial influence of TMX on both individual and team-level outcomes was explored by applying the Social Exchange Theory (SET). The thematic analysis and the implications of TMX, including its connections to the leadership roles, cultural contexts, and individual attributes that can enhance TMX were discussed in detail. The research study contributes to the field by providing the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of TMX, highlighting growth trends, dominant themes, and key author collaborations which differentiates it from the previous reviews that lacked such detailed quantitative insights. This study thus, provides useful insights, recommendations, and theoretical contributions for future research in this domain
Effects of Tax Havens and Employee Tax Fraud on Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) in Oyo State, Nigeria
Full text linkThe current study examined the effects of tax fraud on the Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) of the Oyo State Government. The study investigated the impact of tax haven utilization and tax incentives on IGR. Moreover, the study also adopted a quantitative research design and employed a standardized questionnaire as the primary research instrument. The population comprised personnel from the Oyo State Internal Revenue Service. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was employed due to the small population size. The questionnaire comprised two sections, that is, section one focused on respondent characteristics, whereas the other one focused on tax fraud and IGR. Regression analysis was employed as a data analysis technique to test the hypotheses. Moreover, the study also examined the relationship between tax fraud variables, tax haven, and IGR. The findings revealed no significant relationship between tax haven utilization and IGR. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was established between employee tax fraud and IGR, indicating its adverse impact on revenue generation. Based on findings, it was recommended that the Oyo State Government should implement measures to prevent employee tax fraud including comprehensive training and monitoring of tax officials along with the establishment of a whistle-blower policy. By effectively addressing tax fraud, the government can enhance its IGR and work towards its development objectives
Impact of Knowledge Sharing on Employee Performance in Higher Education: Moderating Role of Employee Motivation and Employee Engagement
Full text linkThe objective is to assess the impact of knowledge sharing, employee motivation, and employee engagement on overall performance. The quantitative research method is used to collect primary data through an adoptive structured questionnaire based on a 5-Likert scale. The responses are recorded from 322 respondents through the method of sampling in many stages. Using SmartPLS software, recorded responses are examined using statistical tests (such as regression and correlation). The results indicate a positive relationship among knowledge sharing, employee engagement, motivation, and performance. All hypotheses (H1, H2, H3) were accepted with t-values exceeding 1.96. This study elaborates on how knowledge sharing along with the moderating effects of motivation and engagement, improves employee performance, particularly in the academic sector. It also adds to the existing literature on these relationships
Schooling for the urban poor: Insights from Urban Slums of Islamabad, Pakistan
No full textThe study investigates the demand side determinants of child schooling by taking probability of enrollment as child schooling measure. Reduced form demand functions have been used to analyze the determining factors of child schooling for data obtained from primary survey for slums of Islamabad. The study explores that the demographic variables of the respondent and household head are important in decision making process. Boys are more likely to attend school as compared to girls and families with female household head have fewer chances to send their children to school. Economic conditions of the household significantly affect the probability of child enrollment and father employment status has significant negative affect on enrollment. However, occupation type significantly enhances the chances of school enrollment