Anglisticum - Journal of the Association for Anglo-American Studies, Macedonia
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REGARDING EXPLANATION OF INTERNATIONAL TERM ELEMENTS IN THE UZBEK DICTIONARIES
Full text linkIn this paper, the new, five-volume and six-volume explanatory dictionaries of the Uzbek language published in Uzbek Latin script have been shown to have a number of news and advantages. One of the most important and main innovations of these dictionaries is the provision of complete etymological information for words and terms that have entered the Uzbek language from foreign languages, and another is that in the following years, the so-called "international term elements" and actively participating in the creation of scientific and technical terms, such as aviation, auto It is noted that elements such as anti-, geo-, gidro-, makro-, mikro-, neo-, poli-, tele- are given in the form of separate dictionary articles. Also, it was emphasized that the main purpose of the explanatory dictionary is to reveal the separate components of the international terms that have been assimilated into the Uzbek language, that is, the meanings of the term elements, to show their word-making possibilities, to comment on the terms formed with their participation, and what aspects the authors pay attention to when solving these issues and creating dictionary articles are shown.
Keywords: term, explanatory dictionary, terminological dictionary, international term elements
ROCURONIUM BROMIDE – ESMERON
Full text linkRepeated neuromuscular-blocking agent administration lengthens the duration of action, and intraoperative use of high doses of neuromuscular-blocking agent may compromise respiratory security. We tested the main hypothesis that intermediate-acting neuromuscular-blocking agents are dose dependently associated with the risk of postoperative respiratory complications in a hospital-based registry study that took place between January 2022 and June 2022 on 70 patients that we worked with who received these medications. Additionally, we looked at the relationship between respiratory problems and the dose of neostigmine used to reverse neuromuscular blockers. We assessed the impact of proper neostigmine reversal on respiratory complications post hoc. Compared to low doses, high doses of neuromuscular-blocking drugs were linked to a higher risk of postoperative respiratory complications. A dose-dependent increase in the risk of postoperative respiratory complications was linked to neostigmine. According to post hoc analysis, the dose-dependent relationship between neuromuscular-blocking drugs and respiratory complications was eliminated by the proper neostigmine reversal. The risk of postoperative respiratory complications was dose-dependently correlated with the use of neuromuscular-blocking drugs. The risk of respiratory complications increased dose-dependently after neostigmine reversal. The exploratory data analysis, however, indicates that the proper use of neostigmine, guided by the results of the monitoring of neuromuscular transmission, can help eliminate the postoperative respiratory complications brought on by the use of neuromuscular-blocking drugs. For newborns and small infants, rocuronium should be administered in lower doses.Keywords: respiratory complications, Esmeron, neostigmine, surgery, anesthetic, intubation, etc
NARRATIVE REPERTOIRE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE EPIC TRADITION
Full text linkIn this article, the short story, the short story and their repertoire, as well as its influence on the epic tradition, are discussed in particular. In particular, opinions were expressed about the period of active development of short stories, their development and their importance today. Also, scientific conclusions are given about the fact that short stories in Khorezm entered the stage of growth at the beginning of the XIX century, that Andalib was the creator of this growth, and that he created several works in the style of folk epics mixed with prose and poetry for the first time. After that, the tradition of copying folk epics in the form of short stories was further developed, short stories became popular in the middle of the XIX century, an example of which is the collection of short stories by H.Vamberi with Mulla Ishaq, short story writers worked specially in the Khan's palaces, in the audience of intellectuals. The fact that storytelling has become a tradition is justified with examples.Keywords: storyteller, short story, repertoire, epic type, epic tradition, folk stories, folk epics
DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION IN KOSOVA DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR
Full text linkFollowing the occupation of Kosova by the dual Austria-Hungarian Empire, the Albanian people had now passed through a long period of occupation by the Ottoman Empire, as well as by the late occupation of the Serbian Kingdom, where the Albanians had gone through a terrible calvary from the new invaders. With all these sufferings and prohibitions, the occupation of Austria-Hungary found the Albanian people in a miserable state in terms of education. The majority of the population was illiterate, therefore the Dualist Empire aimed at bringing the Albanian people closer to itself and tried to regulate the issue of education as much as it was possible, as well as allow freedom in terms of Albanian culture and traditions. It also tried to raise the Albanian population to a higher level in every sphere by cooperating with bright figures, such as Hasan Prishtina and others. On this occasion, they took advantage of the opportunity to develop education in the Albanian language as much as possible. The German language was also included in the program. This short period for the Albanians was a great advancement in various fields such as in the improvement of infrastructure, culture and especially in education through the opening of schools and courses to combat illiteracy in Kosova.Keywords: World War I, Austria-Hungary, Kosova, education, culture, etc
THE MANNER OF SPEECH ACCORDING TO THE GENDER IN THE REGION OF TETOVA
Full text linkIn this paper, we will look at some special words that change depending on the gender. We have focused on greetings, congratulations and curses as they are used by female and male gender, so the content is the same, but it differs by who is using it.To see this difference closely, we surveyed some young women and men, where through the questions that we asked them, we saw the difference in their dialect.Based on ideas, or thoughts the language and gender in the city of Tetovo, we have many different opinions where most of them are rooted on the patriarchal system, that the man's word is above all, but from the work that we have done we see that young people have diluted this opinion by giving more rights to women's speech and with this they have clearly changed the old opinion.Men think that women talk more in relation to them, they often call them "word machines", that is, they only talk, while men are less talkative but more precise in what they say. When we refer to the special dialect as mentioned above, we see that women really have more expressions, they know how to give the greeting better, are more involved in a given situation and know better how to manage it with words, whether good or bad and with this they create, in most cases, a positive atmosphere, while men are more direct, they don't say a lot and this often makes them look colder in different situations. All these speeches are also analyzed from the linguistic point of view.Keywords: Discourse, report, difference, speech, gender, etc
EMBRACING THE CHANGE OF DIGITAL WORLD/DIGITAL DISRUPTION
Full text linkTechnology surrounds us everywhere, every moment. It seems almost impossible to imagine our life without technology. It is pervasive and persuasive. As new technologies emerge, creative people in every industry can imagine new applications. In the education field, teachers embrace these innovations in the classroom and online. Many of these new resources are changing the traditional understanding of education. In this paper we'll talk about the use of technology, digital media and digital disruption and the opportunities they can offer to everyone and every organization. We’ll focus on three phases: 1) In the past – Personal experiences as a Fulbright Visiting Scholar on ‘Teaching through Media’, 2002; 2) Present – On the implementation of the project, on ‘Impact of Teaching English in Limited Access to Technology Environment’, 2020, with the financial support of the US Embassy in Tirana; 3) 2020 onwards: challenges of using new technologies in the classroom for the future. The paper will also try to answer the following research questions: What is digital media? What is digital disruption and its importance in language learning? How does it help to improve skills in teaching through technology? How does the use of technology influence the English language learning? What are some of the challenges that teachers face while teaching in a low tech class? How does digital disruption help hybrid communication skills? On-line learning vs. face-to-face learning, etc. When available both students and teachers embrace the use of technology as a tool to make teaching and learning English fun and inclusive. Finally, the researcher will try to offer some challenges and solutions about the use of some practical disruptive education technologies.Keywords: Digital disruption, on-line learning, challenge, new technology in education
RESEARCH OF FOLKLORIST S.RUZIMBAEV IN PARTICULAR OF KHORAZM'S EPIC AND ITS PERFORMERS
Full text linkIn the article, the role of folklore in expressing the aesthetic ideals of a particular nation in world literature is of particular importance, folk epics are an oral creative-artistic complex that reflects the historical and cultural development of mankind, and the arrival of this information over centuries. Necessary information about the contribution of folklorists to the study of its laws is presented. Therefore, it is emphasized that it is appropriate to consider folklore samples as an impartial source that brought the early artistic thinking of humanity to today's development. The gradual improvement of folklore genres, their specific characteristics, and the study of the principles of poetic imagery are among the current scientific problems in the focus of experts' attention. It is their skill that folklore samples created by our people over the centuries and polished due to the positive changes added by the potential of creative performers of each generation, their creative innovations, become the representatives of our national spirituality and traditions performers - thanks to the creativity of the Bakhshis. The achievements of the science of folklore are extremely important in educating the young generation in the spirit of respect and reverence for our traditions and values, instilling our national identity in their hearts. In this article, the author presents analytical thoughts about the singers of Khorezm epics – bakhshis, their genealogy and traditions of bakhshis, based on the researches of folklorist S. Rozimboyev. which epics are most skilfully sung in each school of bakshichik is shown in historical evidence and in practice. In today's era of globalization, understanding the patterns of human artistic thinking is extremely important for the development of world culture.
Keywords: world artistic thought, first folklorist, museologist, Khorezm epics, bakhshis, traditions of Bakhshis, schools of Bakhshis, genealogy of Bakhshis
THE IRANIAN BORROWINGS IN THE LEXICON OF THE KHOREZM DIALECTS
Full text linkThis article analyses words belonging to Iranian languages in the lexical system of the Khorezm dialect and shows their place in the Uzbek literary language and dialects. In addition, analysis of the words ‘zibirdi, zerindi’ and other words revealed that they were based on the principle of naming substances according to their functions
ON THE COMPARISONS IN THE TRANSLATION OF SHARAFUDDIN ALI YAZDI’S “ZAFAR-NAME” IN OLD UZBEK LANGUAGE
Full text linkThis paper bases the Uzbek translation of Sharafuddin Ali Yazdi's "Zafar-name" on factual materials, demonstrating their formation through dictionary comparisons and the application of lexical and grammatical tools, which are the most frequently utilized visual tools in this source language. After analyzing the comparison in "Zafar-name," we came to the conclusion that this tool serves as a linguistic and cultural unit, reflecting the national thinking, worldview, and mentality of the people, and significantly contributing to the creation of the global linguistic landscape. The translator of the work, Muhammad Ali Bukhari, begins with a brief introduction before providing extensive details about all the family members and relatives of Amir Temur. Therefore, human characters and events are described very well in "Zafar-name." Sharafuddin Ali Yazdi skillfully represented Temur's personal character. Muhammad Ali Bukhari illustrated such pages in the Uzbek language with exceptional skill. The work skillfully depicts not only Temur's image, but also the images of those around him. This paper analyzed numerous prose and poetic texts from the work, concluding that similes significantly contributed to the excellent performance of these images
Subversive youth literature – a fairy tale play by Alenka Gerlovič, Jurček and the Three Bandits (1944), in context
Full text linkThe article deals with the fairy tale play by the painter Alenka Gerlovič (1919–2010) entitled Jurček in trije razbojniki (Jurček and the Three Bandits). The play was created during World War II and is an expression of the author's ethical attitude towards fascism and Nazism and the horrors of war. As the analysis shows, with this play Alenka Gerlovič became one of the world's youth writers who have commented on the war with their works. With Jurček, Alenka Gerlovič created an "imaginary screen" that enabled the audience to maintain a distance from atrocities in wartime conditions and at the same time be part of the anti-fascist struggle, also as a symbolic weapon and ethical act.Keywords: Alenka Gerlovič, World War II, fairy tale play, subversiveness, 1944