Anglisticum - Journal of the Association for Anglo-American Studies, Macedonia
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THE ALBANIANS AND THE HAGUE - The Hague Peace Conferences in 1899 and 1907
Full text linkThe Peace conferences of Hague in 1899 and 1907 had aroused for nations, to whom liberty had been still a far dream and ideal, the hope that would see, owing to arbitrage, that their fate be improved and that they would have their place at the table of civilized nations of the West. However, although these Conferences entered in history with the name "Peace Conferences", there were discussed in them mainly questions of war, about engagements and rights of the belligerent parties in case of war. Patriots of the Albanian Renaissance did not cherish the hope that the Albanian question would be solved; however the activists of the Emigration Patriotic Communities felt the necessity to inform the participant states in these conferences about the Albanian demands. However, despite the Albanian persistent demands, the Peace Conferences in Hague, as it had been expected they did not put forward the Albanian question for discussion. They ignored once more the demands of the Albanian people to be affiliated as a free member to the great family of European nations, a right which also the history secures them.Keywords: The Peace conferences, Hague, 1899, 1907, Albania, Albanian question, history
THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE QIRIAZI SISTERS TO THE EMANCIPATION OF ALBANIAN WOMEN
Full text link“Two Albanian heroines” were named by Hester Donaldson, the sisters Sevasti and Parashqevi Qiriazi. They stood out among the first Albanian women in the foreign world and were considered unusual in their eyes. The success achieved by the Qiriazi sisters in the college of Constantinople was first of all a continuation of a family inspiration, but also of preparation in the American school. This is what Sevastia herself says: "The foundations of my education were laid at the American Mission School in Manastir". The Qiriazi sisters, without a doubt, occupy one of the places of honor for their struggle and commitment, both in education and even more so in diplomacy, distinguishing their attitude in the fact that they devoted their whole lives to the issue of the homeland. They make known, in front of the foreign opinion, the goal and the just fight that the Albanian people fought for freedom and independence, for education and their national language. The Qiriazi sisters, in addition to opening a school for girls, also founded a society called Yll'i Mêngjezit with Parashqevi Qiriazi as president. According to the statute, the goals of the Association were efforts to educate women and improve their position in the family and society. This activity influenced the strengthening of the national feeling among the women of Korça and its surroundings.Keywords: Qiriazi Sisters, Hester Donaldson, Sevasti, Parashqevi, school diplomacy, Manastir, Korça, Gjerasim
OVERLOOKED AVANT-GARDE IN THE YOUTH OPUS OF LOJZE KOVAČIČ
Full text linkThe article presents the literary works foryouth by Lojze Kovačič (1928-2004) who mostly wrote for adults.He was born in Basel, Switzerland, but before the Second World War, the author's family had to leave Switzerland and they emigrated to the then Kingdom of Yugoslavia, to the birthplace of his father. As early as 1947, he began publishing in Slovene in the student newspaper “Mi mladi” (We Young). After 1950, he wrote short modern fairy tales for children with modernist elements typical of adult literature. This deliberate modernity already heralds a top author who, for example, translated Kafka for children. In his initial phase, he collaborated with illustrators (e.g., Milan Bizovičar), created comics with avant-garde art elements and wrote science fiction. The most famous is the collection of short contemporary fairy tales “Zgodbe iz mesta Rič-Rač” (Stories from the City of Rič-Rač, 1962- ) which has been reprinted several times and represents only a third of the author's oeuvre. Two-thirds are unpublished, scattered through various radio shows and magazines. The editor of Pionirski list, Marija Kovačič Vida, published texts by a whole generation of authors in the 1950s and 1960s. In the most famous anthologies, entitled “Za celo leto: priročnik iger in deklamacij” (For the Whole Year: A Handbook of Games and Declamations, 1960) and “Praznični koledar: pesmi, črtice in igre za šolske prireditve” (Holiday Calendar: Poems, Literary Sketches, and Games for School Events, 1976), she made an outstanding review of literary creativity intended for children and youth. Based on the study of the author's oeuvre for youth, we can easily conclude that the author is a pronounced modernist, as he used avant-garde approaches, elements of art deco, Bauhaus, camera obscura, puppets, mundus inversus, commercials, etc. He translated picturesque visual images into modernist texts for young people. At the end of the article, suggestions are given for a scientific-critical monograph dealing with the author's literary opus for youth which is characterized by translation of visual into verbal and vice versa (e.g., puppets, comics), as well as between other media. It is paradoxical that L. Kovačič in his literary worksintended for adults was rather critical of the socialist system in his second homeland (1945-1991), but he nevertheless published the most literary units for youth during this very period, and his work was also regularly included in the curricula (1984, 1998) and readers in schools, while in the latest curriculum from 2019 he is completely overlooked and omitted. Based on his writing, L. Kovačič is a truely European author. He died on 1 May 2004, the day Slovenia became a member of the EU and the intense oblivion of history began. L. Kovačič was one ofthe victims of this process.Keywords: Lojze Kovačič, youth opus, art deco, avant-garde, Bauhaus, topsy-turvy world, camera obscura, puppets, radio, commercials
FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES THROUGH THE FUND FOR INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
Full text linkTechnology surrounds us everywhere, every moment. It seems almost impossible to imagine our life without technology. It is pervasive and persuasive. As new technologies emerge, creative people in every industry can imagine new applications. In the education field, teachers embrace these innovations in the classroom and online. Many of these new resources are changing the traditional understanding of education. In this paper we'll talk about the use of technology, digital media and digital disruption and the opportunities they can offer to everyone and every organization. We’ll focus on three phases: 1) In the past – Personal experiences as a Fulbright Visiting Scholar on ‘Teaching through Media’, 2002; 2) Present – On the implementation of the project, on ‘Impact of Teaching English in Limited Access to Technology Environment’, 2020, with the financial support of the US Embassy in Tirana; 3) 2020 onwards: challenges of using new technologies in the classroom for the future. The paper will also try to answer the following research questions: What is digital media? What is digital disruption and its importance in language learning? How does it help to improve skills in teaching through technology? How does the use of technology influence the English language learning? What are some of the challenges that teachers face while teaching in a low tech class? How does digital disruption help hybrid communication skills? On-line learning vs. face-to-face learning, etc. When available both students and teachers embrace the use of technology as a tool to make teaching and learning English fun and inclusive. Finally, the researcher will try to offer some challenges and solutions about the use of some practical disruptive education technologies.Keywords: Digital disruption, on-line learning, challenge, new technology in education
ASYMMETRY OF FORM AND CONTENT IN DIFFERENT LEVELS OF THE UZBEK LANGUAGE
Full text linkThis article explores the phenomenon of asymmetry between form and content across different linguistic levels in the Uzbek language. It investigates a multifaceted relationship between the structural elements of language, including phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics, and how these elements convey meanings. The study highlights the universal and language-specific aspects of this asymmetry, demonstrating how the same semantic content can be expressed through various forms and, conversely, how similar forms can carry different meanings depending on context. The research methodology combines theoretical analysis with empirical data, drawing on examples from the Uzbek language to illustrate the dynamic interplay between form and content. Furthermore, how asymmetry impacts linguistic functionality and efficiency, challenging traditional notions of a one-to-one correspondence between form and meaning, is explored. It posits that asymmetry enhances linguistic flexibility and adaptability, allowing for the expression of nuanced meanings and the development of new linguistic constructs
PEJA 1990-1997 ACCORDING TO ORAL AND DOCUMENTARY HISTORY
Full text linkThis study summarizes a research period of the important moments of the era of functioning of the city of Peja during the period 1990-1997, in the social, political, economic, cultural and educational fields. In an analytical and systematic way, the contribution of Pejans during this period of time is presented here. The main incentive for writing this text was the experience gained in the course Methodology of history and theories of the XIX-XX centuries, which was taught by prof. Jahja Drançolli whereupon we gained a modest experience in oral history as a new discipline in world historiography. For the contribution made in this discipline, young researchers such as Agon Rrezja should be mentioned with his master’s thesis “Llapusha sipas historisë gojore dhe dokumentare” (“Llapusha according to oral and documentary history”) defended in 2012 in the Department of History, using oral and documentary sources for the Llapusha region. Our main aim stems from the fact that oral history is a new discipline and not addressed in Albanian historiography. No researcher has dealt with Peja from the point of view of oral sources during this period of time and even earlier. Finally, we find that this study can modestly serve any history enthusiast to delve into this issue in other, more detailed ways.Keywords: Peja, Kosova, Politics, Economy, Culture, Education, etc
FAIRY-TALE MOTIFS OF HINKO SMREKAR
Full text linkThe article presents the artistic work of the illustrator Hinko Smrekar from the point of view of literary studies. In his illustrations, which are a synthesis of visual and verbal text (M. Nikolajeva), Smrekar often used motifs from folk tales (merman, dwarf, fairy...) and thus recreated them. With the illustrations of Andersen’s Fairy Tales (1940), he expressed social criticism, e.g. in the Zrcalo sveta (Mirror of the World) series (1932-1933). The illustration of the classic Martin Krpan (1917) in picture book form represents the first picture book “for children” and at the same time marks a turning point in Slovenian youth literature. From the point of view of literary science, Smrekar's style could be defined as carnivalesque, as the author ridicules cultural figures, politicians, religious representatives, and above all, visionarily predicts the time of dystopia and the Second World War, including his own tragic death.Keywords: Hinko Smrekar, fairy tales, ATU, Fran Levstik, Martin Krpan, H. C. Andersen, carnival, Mihail Bakhtin
THE EFFECTS OF VAK TECHNIQUES IN EFL CLASSROOM
Full text linkThe aim of this research was to scrutinize the usage of VAK techniques used in EFL classroom, considering their effects on students’ learning process. In order to reach this aim, three main research questions were raised at the beginning: 1. Which is the most applied VAK technique in EFL classroom?, 2. Does the use of the VAK techniques impact students’motivation?, 3. Which VAK technique is the most favorable for students? This research was conducted using quantitative research method, whereas the data collection instrument was a questionnaire consisting of 8 questions. These questions were focused on the VAK teaching techniques used nowadays in EFL classrooms, trying to identify which technique is the most favorable one for learners. Participants of the study were 160 learners selected from two primary schools located in Prizren: “Emin Duraku” and “Mati Logoreci”. Findings have shown that generally the most applied VAK technique in most of the EFL classrooms nowadays is the visual one, since teachers include mostly verbal elements during the class such as taking notes, writing sentences, reading instructions. In addition, this study showed that the usage of VAK techniques during the learning process increases students’ motivation and encourages them to be more involved in the learning process. Since teachers pay less attention on kinesthetic and auditory teaching techniques, learners have presented their demands on increasing the number of the activities that allow them to learn through listening and movement. Related to students’ preference, the study has shown that games, short movies, and songs are the most favorable VAK activities for learners. If teachers include VAK techniques while teaching, the number of learners that are going to be engaged will be higher. It happens because through VAK techniques learners with different learning styles will find something that fit them the most
LITERARY PARABLES IN LECTURING THE QUR’AN
Full text linkIn this research, we will present the role of Qur’an parables in enriching the literary thinking and structure of the lecture, while enjoying aesthetic aspects of its discourse. Parables (or literary parables) are theoretically described and demonstrated with specific examples in Qur’an lectures as teaching models. The form of paraboles discolouration is employed frequently in the Qur’an as an archetype, as a requirement for likeness. On the subordinal side, they appear expressly in the Qur’an as a condition for the message that follows.Keywords: parable, literary parables, Qur’an, aesthetic pleasure, illustration as need of similarity, canonical functions, structure of oral literature
A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ALBANIAN CANON AND BLOOD FEUD FROM THE OTTOMAN PERIOD TO THE PRESENT DAY
Full text linkThis paper aims to provide a historical analysis of the Albanian canon and blood feud from the pre-Ottoman period to the present day, examining the various factors that have influenced their development over time.Relying on a variety of primary and secondary sources, this research shows the sustainability of these practices in the face of social, political and legal changes throughout the history of Albania.Keywords: Albanian canon, blood feud, the periods of Canon