Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Karakteristik fisikokimia fish cake goreng berbahan dasar ikan nila hitam (Oreochromis niloticus) dan lele (Clarias sp.): Physicochemical characteristics of fried fish cakes made from black nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and catfish (Clarias sp.)
No full textFish cake merupakan olahan berbahan dasar daging ikan segar maupun surimi yang termasuk jenis produk fish jelly. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formulasi terbaik fish cake goreng berbahan dasar ikan nila dan lele dengan bahan pengisi tepung tapioka berdasarkan parameter kekuatan gel dan profil tekstur. Fish cake goreng terdiri dari lima perlakuan rasio daging ikan dan tapioka, yaitu 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, dan 80:20. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi proksimat, derajat putih, kekuatan gel, dan profil tekstur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fish cake goreng berbahan dasar nila hitam memiliki kadar protein dan derajat putih yang lebih tinggi, namun fish cake goreng lele memiliki kadar lemak, abu, karbohidrat, kekuatan gel, dan hardness yang lebih tinggi. Hasil cohesiveness, springiness, dan adhesiveness dari kedua jenis fish cake memiliki nilai yang hampir serupa. Fish cake goreng nila hitam memiliki kadar protein dan lemak masing-masing sebesar 33,90-62,60%bk dan 1,00-3,01%bk, sedangkan fish cake goreng dari lele memiliki kadar protein dan lemak masing-masing sebesar 30,28-55,59%bk dan 2,40-8,32%bk. Kekuatan gel pada fish cake goreng mengalami peningkatan dengan makin berkurangnya konsentrasi daging ikan dan bertambahnya konsentrasi tapioka. Formulasi fish cake goreng pada ikan nila hitam dan lele dengan rasio daging ikan dan tapioka 80:20 merupakan perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan kekuatan gel dan profil teksturnya. Secara umum, ikan nila hitam dan lele yang merupakan jenis ikan air tawar memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi bahan dasar dalam pembuatan produk fish cake.Fish cake is a processed product made from fresh fish meat or surimi, which is included in the type of fish jelly product. This study aims to determine the best formulation of fried fish cake made from black Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and catfish (Clarias sp.) with tapioca as the filler based on gel strength and texture profile. Fried fish cakes consist of five treatments of fish meat and tapioca ratios: 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, and 80:20. The parameters analyzed include proximate composition, whiteness, gel strength, and texture profile. The results indicated that fried fish cake made from black Nile tilapia had higher protein content and whiteness, but fried catfish fish cake had higher fat, ash, carbohydrate, gel strength, and hardness. were very similar.s, springiness, and adhesiveness of both types of fish cakes had almost similar values. Fried black fish cake of black Nile tilapia has protein and fat (in dry weight) of 33.90-62.60% and 1.00-3.01%, respectively, while fried fish cake of catfish has protein and fat (in dry weight) of 30.28-55.59% and 2.40-8.32%, respectively. The gel strength of fried fish cake increased with decreasing fish meat concentration and increasing tapioca concentration. The formulation of fried fish cake in black Nile tilapia and catfish with a fish meat and tapioca ratio of 80:20 is the best treatment based on gel strength and texture profile. In general, black Nile tilapia and catfish, which are types of freshwater fish, have the potential to be developed into basic ingredients in making fish cake products
Pemanfaatan Media Sosial dalam Penyebaran Informasi Konservasi Lingkungan kepada Petani Rawa Lebak
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang penggunaan media sosial sebagai media efektif dalam penyebaran informasi berwawasan konservasi lingkungan pada lahan pertanian berjenis rawa lebak. Selama ini petani dan penyuluh sangat mengandalkan komunikasi sosial tanpa akses penggunaan daya jejaring media sosial. Hal ini relatif menghambat kejelasan dan kecepatan informasi terkait penerimaan informasi konservasi lingkungan rawa lebak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Pemulutan, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Sumatera Selatan. Desain penelitian ini mengacu pada kualitatif studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data, yaitu wawancara mendalam, observasi nonpartisipasi, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian meliputi petani, Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) dan Pengendali Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan (POPT). Metode pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah Interacktive Model, meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang mengelaborasi dengan studi kasus pada petani rawa lebak Pemulutan ditunjukkan dengan kebutuhan terpenuhinya informasi mengenai konservasi lingkungan pada pertanian rawa lebak tanpa meninggalkan tradisi kearifan lokal. Media sosial, seperti WhatsApp, Instagram dan Facebook relatif dipilih dan digunakan penyuluh pertanian dalam upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan petani dalam mengelola rawa lebak. Petani menerima informasi konservasi lingkungan untuk mendapatkan pengalaman mengikuti pelatihan, peningkatan pengetahuan mengelola rawa lebak dan pengembangan usaha tani
Bakteri PGPR Rizosfer Bambu Sebagai Agens Biokontrol Penyakit Moler: The PGPR Bacteria from Bamboo Rhizosphere as a Biocontrol Agent for Moler Disease
Full text linkPlant growth promoting rhizobacteria banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai agens hayati, baik terhadap F. oxysporum ataupun patogen lainnya. PGPR dari perakaran bambu berpotensi dimanfaatkan untuk pengendalian penyakit moler pada bawang merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan penilaian potensi PGPR dari perakaran bambu, sebagai agens antagonis terhadap F. oxysporum. Sampel rizosfer bambu diambil dari beberapa lokasi di Kalimantan Barat dan diisolasi menggunakan metode tuang sebar pada medium nutrient agar. Isolat-isolat yang diperoleh dilakukan penilaian sebagai agens antagonis terhadap F. oxysporum secara in vitro. Hasil ekplorasi diperoleh 30 isolat, 19 isolat di antaranya mempunyai daya hambat terhadap F. oxysporum. Pada uji produksi HCN, diperoleh tujuh isolat terindikasi menghasilkan gas HCN dan menghambat F.oxysporum melebihi 50%, yaitu isolat PY.01, ST.02, PY.03, S2.05, PR.01, PR.02, dan ST.03. Isolat tersebut juga dapat menurunkan produksi konidium. Pengujian anticendawan dari metabolit yang terlarut dalam supernatan diperoleh 12 isolat menunjukkan sifat anticendawan dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan F. oxysporum. Metabolit sekunder dari isolat PR.01 memiliki indeks penghambatan tertinggi, yaitu 73.08. Isolat ST.02, PR.02, dan S2.05 menunjukkan keunggulan dalam menghambat F. oxysporum, menghasilkan gas HCN dan metabolit.The PGPR Bacteria from Bamboo Rhizosphere as a Biocontrol Agent for Moler Disease
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are often used as biological agents, either against F. oxysporum or other pathogens. PGPR from bamboo roots have the potential to be used to control Moler disease in shallots. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of PGPR from bamboo roots as an antagonist against F. oxysporum. Samples were collected from the rhizosphere of bamboo in different locations in West Kalimantan and isolated using the plating method on nutrient agar. The isolates obtained were tested in vitro as antagonists against F. oxysporum. The results of the test revealed 30 isolates, 19 of which showed inhibition against F. oxysporum. Seven isolates namely isolates PY.01, ST.02, PY.03, S2.05, PR.01, PR.02 and ST.03 were found to produce HCN gas and inhibit F. oxysporum by more than 50%. These isolates were also able to reduce conidia production. Antagonism was also evaluated by the production of metabolites. The antifungal tests of the metabolites of 12 isolates dissolved in the supernatant showed antifungal properties and were able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum. The secondary metabolites of isolate PR.01 had the highest inhibition index of 73.08. Isolates ST.02, PR.02 and S2.05 were superior in inhibiting F. oxysporum and produced HCN gas and metabolites
Posisi Pasar Ekspor Biji Kopi Indonesia Di Pasar Internasional: Pendekatan Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS)
Full text linkIndonesia is one of the main exporters of coffee commodities. Indonesia\u27s coffee production is mostly exported abroad and the rest is to meet domestic needs. Indonesia\u27s coffee exports cover five continents, namely Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and Europe, with the main market share in Europe. This study aims to (1) analyze the market share of Indonesian coffee bean exports in the international market, and (2) analyze the market position of Indonesian coffee bean exports in the international market using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) approach. This study uses secondary data in the form of monthly time series for 12 years from 2010 to 2021 with HS code 0901111 (coffee, not roasted, not decaffeinated). The results show Indonesia\u27s coffee bean export market share is third after Brazil and Colombia. Indonesia\u27s price elasticity (uncompensa/1ted) is inelastic and has a negative relationship. The cross-price elasticity (compensated) between Indonesia and Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, Ethiopia, and Uganda is negative and indicates a complementary and inelastic relationship. The expenditure elasticity of Indonesian coffee exports is negative, indicating that Indonesian coffee is included in inferior goods and is inelastic.Indonesia is one of the primary exporters of coffee commodities. The majority of Indonesia’s coffee production is exported abroad, while the remainder serves domestic demand. Indonesian coffee exports span five continents: Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and Europe, with the main market share in Europe. This research aims to achieve two objectives: (1) analyze Indonesia’s market share in international coffee bean exports, and (2) assess Indonesia’s position in the international coffee market using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) approach. The study utilizes secondary data in the form of monthly time series spanning 12 years from 2010 to 2021, focusing on HS code 0901111 (coffee, not roasted, not decaffeinated). The research findings reveal that the average market share of Indonesian coffee bean exports in the international market is approximately 6%, positioning Indonesia third after Brazil and Colombia. This share is greater than that of Guatemala, Ethiopia, Uganda, and other exporting nations. The price elasticity of demand for coffee in Indonesia (uncompensated) is negative, specifically -0.35, indicating inelasticity (since it is less than 1). Additionally, the cross-price elasticity between Indonesia and Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, Ethiopia, and Uganda is also negative, with respective values of 0.16, 0.32, 0.20, 0.07, and 0.02. These values suggest a complementary relationship. Furthermore, the expenditure elasticity of Indonesian coffee exports is negative, implying that Indonesian coffee falls into the category of inferior goods, with a value of 1.143, which is greater than 1, signifying elasticity
Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Pendapatan Usahatani Karet Di Kecamatan Lubai
Full text linkMuara Enim Regency is one of the largest rubber producing districts in South Province, but is currently experiencing a significant decline in the amount of rubber land due to land conversion issues. This land conversion is mainly caused by rubber farming income that does not provide adequate economic benefits to meet the needs of farmers. The research objectives were to 1) Analyze rubber farm income 2) Analyze the factors that influence rubber farming income. This study used 112 rubber farmer respondents, with a population of 543 rubber farmers Lubai District. The location was chosen purposely based on the same considerations, namely the sub-district and village that produced the largest decline in the number of rubber land areas and produced the largest rubber production. Data collected in cross section. Analysis of rubber farm income using R/C ratio analysis. Analysis of factors affecting rubber farming income using Weighted Least Square. The results showed that income in the productive plant age group (10.1-15 years) was the greatest compared to other plant age groups. The overall R/C ratio on cash costs and on total costs in all plant groups showed good results with an R/C ratio > 1. Factors that positively affect rubber farm income in Lubai Subdistrict are average production, rubber prices, and land area while factors that negatively affect farm income are labor.Muara Enim Regency is one of the largest rubber producing districts in South Province, but is currently experiencing a significant decline in the amount of rubber land due to land conversion issues. This land conversion is mainly caused by rubber farming income that does not provide adequate economic benefits to meet the needs of farmers. The research objectives were to 1) Analyze rubber farm income 2) Analyze the factors that influence rubber farming income. This study used 112 rubber farmer respondents, with a population of 543 rubber farmers Lubai District. The location was chosen purposely based on the same considerations, namely the sub-district and village that produced the largest decline in the number of rubber land areas and produced the largest rubber production. Data collected in cross section. Analysis of rubber farm income using R/C ratio analysis. Analysis of factors affecting rubber farming income using Weighted Least Square. The results showed that income in the productive plant age group (10.1-15 years) was the greatest compared to other plant age groups. The overall R/C ratio on cash costs and on total costs in all plant groups showed good results with an R/C ratio > 1. Factors that positively affect rubber farm income in Lubai Subdistrict are average production, rubber prices, and land area while factors that negatively affect farm income are labor. Farmers are advised to undergo training and adopt modern technology while the government should provide subsidy support, price stabilization, and program commitment to increase productivity and income
Pengaruh Resiliensi Kewirausahaan, Pembelajaran Kewirausahaan Dan Inovasi Terhadap Kinerja Usahatani Sayur Di Bali
Full text linkEntrepreneurial resilience in farmers is their ability to adapt to risks, learn, and recover from failures to maintain or enhance farm performance. Entrepreneurial resilience among vegetable farmers impacts agricultural sustainability, ensuring they continue farming and meet vegetable demand. This study aims to analyze the level of entrepreneurial resilience among vegetable farmers in Desa Baturiti and examine the role of learning and innovation in mediating the influence of entrepreneurial resilience on farm performance. Data collection was conducted through a survey of vegetable farmers in Desa Baturiti, Bali Province, using a cluster sampling technique. A total of 60 farmers participated as respondents. The results indicate that the entrepreneurial resilience level of vegetable farmers in Desa Baturiti is high, with a score of 39.86. This high level of resilience enables farmers to continue their farming activities despite past failures and adapt to changes. Hypothesis testing reveals that the roles of entrepreneurial learning and innovation in mediating the influence of resilience on farm performance are not significant, resulting in the hypotheses not being confirmed. However, in terms of mediation effects, entrepreneurial learning has a medium mediation influence, while innovation has a low mediation influence on the relationship between entrepreneurial resilience and vegetable farm performance.Entrepreneurial resilience in farmers refers to their ability to adapt to risks, learn, and recover from failures in order to maintain or improve farm performance. Entrepreneurial resilience among vegetable farmers will impact the sustainability of agriculture, ensuring that farmers continue farming and can meet vegetable demand. This study aims to analyze the level of entrepreneurial resilience among vegetable farmers in Baturiti Village and to analyze the mediating effect of learning and innovation on the influence of entrepreneurial resilience on farm performance. Sampling was conducted using a multistage sampling technique. Data analysis methods used descriptive analysis and PLS-SEM to analyze the mediation variables. The results of the study show that the CD-RISC 10 score is 39.86, indicating that the level of entrepreneurial resilience among vegetable farmers is high. This high level of resilience demonstrates that vegetable farmers in Baturiti Village have the ability to adapt to risks, learn from experience, and recover to maintain their farm performance. However, the results of the first hypothesis test show that the role of entrepreneurial learning in mediating the influence of entrepreneurial resilience on farm performance is not significant. Thus, the first hypothesis is not confirmed, meaning that although farmers have entrepreneurial experience, its impact on farm performance remains weak. The results of the second hypothesis test also indicate that the role of innovation in mediating the influence of entrepreneurial resilience on farm performance is not significant. The weak adoption of innovation is due to the low level of farmers\u27 trust in new innovations, making innovation unable to optimally support the improvement of farm performance
Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Arabica Roasted Coffee Beans Pada Drama Coffee Roastery
Full text linkThe unique aroma of arabica coffee beans will come out after passing through the roasting step, therefore the quality control is important. Quality control in the company is very important to produce products that have a slick quality value so consumers had their own satisfaction when buying products. This study aims to analyze (1) The level of product defects of arabica roasted coffee beans (2) The level of process stability and processing capacity of arabica roasted coffee beans products in achieving zero defects (3) Quality improvement efforts to minimize product defects of arabica roasted coffee beans. The sample used in this study was 100 samples of arabica roasted coffee beans products using non-probability sampling techniques due to the limited time and cost of the study in drawing random probability samples. This research was conducted at Drama Coffee Roastery, Pasar Tunjungan, first floor Unit 08, Jalan Tunjungan 88, Surabaya City which had wide marketing of arabica roasted coffee beans products, covering Surabaya area or outside the city, and has a product license and legality. The method used in this research was six sigma method with DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improvement, and Control) approach. The results showed that Drama Coffee Roastery had 4 types of defects product, was overdeveloped, underdeveloped, cracked, and striped. Drama Coffee Roastery had a sigma level value of 3.35 which explains that UMKM Drama Coffee Roastery had the ability to process product quality within the scope of the average industry in Indonesia. This indicates that the product requires quality control to achieve zero defects in order to entry international coffee market. The study found that six sigma method was effective in solved problems that occur at Drama Coffee Roastery by reviewing green beans, green beans roasting time, sorting improvements, and green beans storage improvements that will have an impact on the supply chain efficiency of arabica roasted coffee beans products.The unique aroma of arabica coffee beans will come out after passing through the roasting step, therefore the quality control is important. Quality control in the company is very important to produce products that have a slick quality value so consumers had their own satisfaction when buying products. This study aims to analyze (1) The level of product defects of arabica roasted coffee beans (2) The level of process stability and processing capacity of arabica roasted coffee beans products in achieving zero defects (3) Quality improvement efforts to minimize product defects of arabica roasted coffee beans. The sample used in this study was 100 samples of arabica roasted coffee beans products using non-probability sampling techniques due to the limited time and cost of the study in drawing random probability samples. This research was conducted at Drama Coffee Roastery, Pasar Tunjungan, first floor Unit 08, Jalan Tunjungan 88, Surabaya City which had wide marketing of arabica roasted coffee beans products, covering Surabaya area or outside the city, and has a product license and legality. The method used in this research was six sigma method with DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improvement, and Control) approach. The results showed that Drama Coffee Roastery had 4 types of defects product, was overdeveloped, underdeveloped, cracked, and striped. Drama Coffee Roastery had a sigma level value of 3.35 which explains that UMKM Drama Coffee Roastery had the ability to process product quality within the scope of the average industry in Indonesia. The results of the fishbone diagram state that Drama Coffee Roastery requires quality improvement efforts in the form of a review of green beans, green beans roasting time, improved sorting, and improved green beans storage.
Keywords: Arabica Roasted Coffee Beans, Quality Control, Six Sigma
Edukasi Resiliensi Remaja pada Model Pengembangan Kampung Ramah Keluarga (Studi Kasus Desa Ciherang, Kecamatan Dramaga, Kabupaten Bogor)
Full text linkAdolescents, as national assets and agents of social transformation, face increasingly complex global challenges, particularly in the era of disruption and digitalization. Strengthening resilience is essential for preparing adolescents to navigate these changes effectively. In response to this need, the Dosen Pulang Kampung team from DPMA IPB University implemented an adolescent resilience education program based on the Kampung Ramah Keluarga development model. This program aimed to enhance adolescents\u27 awareness and skills in building resilience. The program employed the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, emphasizing active engagement in learning, reflection, and action. This approach empowers adolescents by providing opportunities to identify challenges, explore solutions, and implement strategies suited to their needs and environmental conditions. The educational procedure was conducted through lectures, questionnaire assessments, group discussions, and SWOT analysis exercises. The program was conducted over five sessions from April to June 2024, involving 27 participants. The findings revealed that the program significantly improved adolescents\u27 understanding of the challenges posed by digital disruption while enhancing their knowledge of developmental tasks, leadership, and self-management skills. Discussions and SWOT analysis exercises further enabled participants to identify their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within their environment, fostering their readiness to become resilient, well-rounded individuals capable of contributing to the development of a family friendly community.
Adolescents, as national assets and agents of social transformation, face increasingly complex global challenges, particularly in the era of disruption and digitalization. Strengthening resilience is essential for preparing adolescents to navigate these changes effectively. In response to this need, the Dosen Pulang Kampung team from DPMA IPB University implemented an adolescent resilience education program based on the Kampung Ramah Keluarga development model. This program aimed to enhance adolescents\u27 awareness and skills in building resilience. The program employed the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, emphasizing active engagement in learning, reflection, and action. This approach empowers adolescents by providing opportunities to identify challenges, explore solutions, and implement strategies suited to their needs and environmental conditions. The educational procedure was conducted through lectures, questionnaire assessments, group discussions, and SWOT analysis exercises. The program was conducted over five sessions from April to June 2024, involving 27 participants. The findings revealed that the program significantly improved adolescents\u27 understanding of the challenges posed by digital disruption while enhancing their knowledge of developmental tasks, leadership, and self-management skills. Discussions and SWOT analysis exercises further enabled participants to identify their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats within their environment, fostering their readiness to become resilient, well-rounded individuals capable of contributing to the development of a family friendly community
The Evaluation of Suitability of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land to Land Use and Regional Spatial Plan of Boyolali Regency (Case Study: Boyolali and Mojosongo District)
Full text linkLand Use Change occurred in many places in Boyolali Regency, including Boyolali and Mojosongo District. Some factors contributed to that thing, like residential and toll road development. There were some instruments to mitigate, such as Boyolali Regional Law Number 17/2016 and Boyolali Regional Law Number 8/2019. Despite being regulated, the enforcement of these regulations has been suboptimal, leading to changes in agricultural land use to non-agricultural purposes in several areas. Monitoring the law is important to see if it goes well or not. This can be utilized Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with overlay method and on-screen digitization of SPOT-6 imagery. Besides that, Remote Sensing analyzed land use trends using multi-temporal SPOT-6 images of 2018 and 2022. This study aims to determine the extent of land use in 2018 and 2022 as well as to determine the suitability of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land to land use and also evaluate the suitability of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land to the Regional Spatial Plan. Results showed that in 2018, the largest land use class was residential areas, covering 2,437.77 hectares, followed by rice fields and moorland, which covered 1,109.06 and 2,205.74 hectares, respectively. By 2022, residential areas had expanded to 2,625.57 hectares, while rice fields and moorland covered 1,130.54 and 2,145.07 hectares, respectively. Based on the overlay method, the suitability analysis revealed that Sustainable Food Agricultural Land matched 90.47% of land use in 2018 and 90.04% in 2022. Meanwhile, the suitability between the Sustainable Food Agriculture Land and Regional Spatial Plan amounted to 81.03%
Life Insurance Purchasing Behavior in Non-High Income Countries: Case Study in Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Life insurance demand in Indonesia is still low, despite its positive contributions to the social and financial sectors, and income continues to grow. The increase in literacy and inclusion of insurance also cannot positively affect life insurance demand.Purpose: This study analyzes the effects of economic and demographic factors on life insurance purchasing behavior, including income, interest rates, inflation, education, and life expectancy.Design/methodology/approach: This study uses secondary data with annual frequency from 2002 to 2022 that obtained from Financial Services Authority, Bank Indonesia, and World Bank. This study employs ordinary least squares (OLS) to estimate data using Eviews 10 software.Findings/Result: This study shows that income, inflation, education, and life expectancy have a positive effect on life insurance purchasing, while interest rates have a negative effect. Interest rates and life expectancy show significant effects. Demographic factors better explain life insurance demand than income factors, and the use of life insurance density provides better predictions than the use of penetration. This finding helps insurers in demand prediction and the government in developing life insurance policies. Conclusion: Economic and demographic factors affect life insurance demand in Indonesia.Originality/value (State of the art): Nowadays, there is a growing consensus to better use the term "non-high-income country" than "developing country" in country level analysis. This study is one of the first in a non-high-income country on the topic of life insurance purchases within the context of Indonesia.
Keywords: consumer purchase behaviour, determinant, Indonesia, life insurance, non-high-income countr