Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Fertilizer efficiency of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) by fertigation in shallot production
Get PDFAgronomic practices in Indonesia mostly still use ammonium as the primary source of nitrogen (N), whereas ammonium concentrations at certain levels can cause plant toxicity. The selection of the suitable N form (NH4+ and NO3-), especially by the fertigation method, is expected to increase the efficiency of N fertilization. This research aimed to obtain the appropriate source of NH4+ and NO3- to increase production and efficiency of fertilization in shallots. The experiment used a non-factorial randomized complete block design with four replications and six nitrogen treatments: without N, ammonium sources (urea, ZA), nitrate source (calcium nitrate), and combination of ammonium and nitrate (NPK Mutiara 16-16-16, calcium ammonium nitrate). The fertilizer doses contain N in equivalent levels, i.e., 167.9 kg N ha-1. The results showed that ZA increased the chlorophyll content of leaves and N content of plant tissue, while calcium nitrate increased the size and weight (fresh and dry) of bulb per plant. The highest recovery and agronomy efficiency was obtained in the ZA application, while the highest physiological efficiency and partial factor productivity were in calcium nitrate. Therefore, nitrate has the potential for shallot cultivation because it can increase production without accumulation in the bulbs.
Keywords: Allium cepa; drip irrigation; nitrogen fertilizer; nitrogen form; NU
Biostimulant potential from seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) on rice seedling development
Get PDFSeaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) liquid extract contains hormones, and macro and micronutrients that might benefit plant growth and development. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a biostimulant liquid of seaweed extract on the vigor of rice seedlings. The research was conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi. A factorial treatment design was conducted with a randomized block design. The first factor was the seedling method (wet sowing (S1) and dry sowing (S2)), and the second factor was six biostimulant concentrations (no biostimulant (K0), 0.8% (K1), 1.6% (K2), 2.4% (K3), 3.2% (K4), and 4.0% (K5)). The observed variables included seedling height, leaf area, number of tillers, root dry weight, and seedling dry weight. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and DMRT at α = 0.05. The results showed that the wet sowing method produced better seedling vigor than the dry sowing method after 14 days. The wet sowing method combined with a 0.8% seaweed extract resulted in the highest seedling vigor. The present study concluded the biostimulant potential of seaweed extract for rice.
Keywords: Dry sowing; Oryza sativa; seedling vigor; sowing method; wet sowin
Morphophysiological and production responses of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ‘Takar 2’ to organic, biological, and NPK fertilizers
Get PDFPeanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the second most important type of legume after soybeans in Indonesia. Fertilizers were given in either organic or inorganic forms. However, the continuous use of chemical fertilizers was found to have negative impacts on the environment and the microorganisms in the soil. Therefore, organic and biological fertilizers were recommended because they had positive effects on both the environment and the soil’s microorganisms. Some of the bacteria that were beneficial for plant growth were Pseudomonas sp. and Azotobacter sp. This study aimed to analyze the use of organic fertilizers, biological fertilizers, and NPK combinations on the growth and yield of peanut plants of the Takar 2 variety. The study was conducted from March to June 2024, located at the Leuwikopo Experimental Station of IPB, Bogor, Indonesia. The experiment used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications. The factors are NPK fertilizer doses (100% and 50% recommended dose) and types of organic + biological fertilizer (control, Azotobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., humate, and a combination of humate and biological fertilizer). Observations were made on 5 sample plants per treatment. The characteristics observed were plant morphology, physiological characteristics, and plant production. The results of the study showed that the application of 100% NPK fertilizer at the recommended dose, in combination with Pseudomonas sp., Azotobacter sp., and humate, had a significant effect on various morphological, physiological, and production-related plant variables. This study shows the potential for a combination of NPK and organic biological fertilizers to increase the growth and production of peanuts.
Keywords: Azotobacter sp; humate; morphology; physiology; Pseudomonas s
Improving edamame yield on peat soil via Rhizobium and soil amendment applications
Get PDFSoil amendment is a key factor in improving peat soil suitability for agriculture from the perspective of its fertility and quality. Red mud is potentially used as a peat soil ameliorant. The study aimed to evaluate red mud application as an ameliorant and application of Rhizobium on peat soil for growing edamame. The research was conducted at Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, from February to October 2024. A completely randomized design factorial was used to compile field experiments. The ameliorant factor consisted of 4 levels: control (dolomite 8 tons ha-1) and Red Mud of 10 tons ha-1, 15 tons ha-1, and 20 tons ha-1. The second factor was without and with Rhizobium. The application of Red Mud as an ameliorant increased pH, Na, and P2O5 levels and increased base saturation in peat soil. The Red Mud increased Na absorption in edamame tissues and increased pod yield. The highest edamame yield was reached with 20 tons ha-1 of red mud which was similar to with 8 tons ha-1 dolomite. Rhizobium has a role in supporting the formation of better root nodules.
Keywords: crop yield; microorganisms; red mud; soil chemistry; soybea
DESIGNING AN INSTITUTIONAL MODEL FOR THE SUNFLOWER AGRO- INDUSTRY SUPPLY CHAIN
Get PDFThis research aimed to design an institutional model and information system to improve the sustainability of the sunflower agro-industry supply chain in Indonesia. The sunflower agro-industry has great potential, but it is hampered by the lack of an optimal institutional structure. This causes the competitiveness and sustainability of the sunflower agro-industry supply chain to be low. Focusing on the sunflower agro-industry in Bandung Regency and its surroundings, this research used a systems approach to analyze the situational conditions and needs of the sunflower agro-industry. Then, the institutional model was designed using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. Furthermore, the institutional information system model was designed to support institutional operations using the design system approach. The analysis and design of this information system was limited to the design of the graphical user interface, not to the design of the database. The research results show that the situational condition of the sunflower agro-industry was not yet optimal and requires an institutional design that can improve the sustainability and competitiveness of the agro-industry supply chain. Based on the result using ISM, a proposed institutional model was designed. In addition, a design model for a supporting information system was also designed that would support operations in the institutional program. This research is expected to provide contributions to companies with output given in the form of a proposed institutional model design and the basis for creating an institutional information support system. Research can be continued and developed in more depth and can be implemented optimally.
Keywords : institutional model, information system, sunflower agro-industry, sustainability, supply chai
STUDY OF GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL IMPACT FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT USING BIOCONVERSION OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY (Hermetia illucens): CASE STUDY DEPOK CITY
Get PDFThis research comprehensively investigated the global warming potential impact of the municipal solid waste management system using bioconversion of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens). For this purpose, the life cycle assessment methodology was applied to evaluate the global warming potential over a 100-year horizon (GWP100) for the system used by XYZ Ltd. Depok City, identify emission sources and analyze alternative strategies to mitigate environmental impacts. Data collection for this study was conducted at XYZ Ltd. in Depok City, West Java Province, between May and June 2022. This case study focused on a cradle-to-gate analysis with a functional unit of 1 ton of municipal solid waste. The impact assessment results showed that GWP100 impact from bioconversion of municipal solid waste was 3.69E+02 kg CO2 eq. Solid waste disposed through open dumping was a dominant contributor of these emissions (2.57E+02 kg CO2 eq). The GHG emissions that were the primary source of these impacts are CH4 (2.47E+02 kg CO2 eq) and CO2 (1.19E+02 kg CO2 eq). Ultimately, the improvement scenarios recommended in this study are the pretreatment of municipal solid waste, substituting photovoltaic electricity use, choosing priority clients with the closest distance, and substituting biocomposite packaging. Implementing these measures will reduce the GWP100 impact by 56.02%.
Keywords: BSF bioconversion; global warming potential; Hermetia illucens; LCA; Municipal solid waste
 
The Phytosociology of Tree Communities on Two Mounts in Bedugul Highland Tropical Forest, Bali, Indonesia
Get PDFThe forested regions within the Bedugul highland stand as some of the last remaining tropical mountain rainforests in Bali. However, recent development in Bedugul indicates a surge in mass tourism, posing a threat to its diverse plant life due to increased land-use changes and overpopulation. Hence, this research aimed to ascertain the composition and diversity of tree communities within the Bedugul highland forest, focusing on Mt. Pohen and Mt. Tapak. While Mt. Pohen has a history of disturbances like the establishment of a geothermal power plant and forest fires, Mt. Tapak experiences comparatively less disruption. The methods include species identification, the diversity index calculation, the species composition and abundance, and the similarity analysis between permanent sample plot (PSP) from Mt. Pohen and PSP from Mt. Tapak. The result shows a clear separation in tree species composition and abundance between both PSPs. Some species are only detected at Tapak but absent at Pohen or vice versa. However, Euphorbiaceae is the dominating family in both mounts, as the species are known as pioneer plants that benefit in growth and adaptation to the highland habitat after disturbance. The most abundant species in a one-hectare plot on Mt. Pohen are Crypteronia paniculata and Acronychia trifoliata. While on Mt. Tapak, it appears to be Dendrochnide stimulans. Both mounts are occupied mainly by tree groups with diameters ranging from 10 to 20 cm
Analisis Nilai Kehijauan Berdasarkan Pengukuran Komputasi dan Persepsi Manusia pada Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Pekanbaru, Riau
Get PDFAlong with economic development, there have been changes in land use, resulting in forests, green space, and agricultural land conversion into residential and industrial/commercial areas in many cities. Due to the reduction in green space, efforts have been made in urban planning to restore greenery around residential neighborhoods in many metropolitan areas. The government has made several efforts to regulate urban development planning to ensure sustainability. One of the efforts is the implementation of Law No. 26 of 2007, which mandates that at least 30% of the city\u27s area must be designated as Green Open Space (GOS). The Green City Development Program (P2KH) implemented the law in several cities, including Pekanbaru, the capital of Riau Province, Indonesia. This study aims to measure the impact of the Green City program implementation on the increase or decrease in the area of GOS in Pekanbaru City and and to analyze the quality of Greenery Values of GOS in Pekanbaru City based on human perception and computational measurement. This research analyzes Land Use Cover Change (LUCC) post-P2KH in Pekanbaru and compares mapping methods with human perceptions of greenery at randomly selected locations. Using QGIS 3.36.0 and the Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) method, the study found that the decline in Green Open Spaces in Pekanbaru has leveled off from 11.85% before P2KH to 6.59% after P2KH, and the increase in built-up areas has slowed from 12.58% to 6.2%. Computational measurements, such as NDVI, and human perceptions reveal that Pekanbaru\u27s GOS need improvements in safety, comfort, aesthetic quality, and biodiversity. This research indicates that the P2KH has mitigated the high rate of land cover and land use changes in Pekanbaru
Pengaruh Elemen Lanskap Taman Kota Bogor pada Psiko-Fisiologi, Visual Behavior, dan Persepsi dengan Metode Eye-Tracking
No full textRapidly growing urbanization results in reduced access to the natural environment, as well as the quantity and quality of urban green spaces (UGS). The area of UGS in Bogor City in 2021 has only reached 4.2%, while the public UGS that is well managed in 2020 is around 75% of the total. Information on people\u27s perceptions and preference studies serves as an important input for UGS planning and management. Psychological methods, including eye-tracking, can provide a comprehensive way to improve understanding of human perception of landscapes. This study aimed to analyze the effect of landscape on psycho-physiology, analyze visual behaviour within different types of landscapes, analyze the evaluation index of urban park landscapes, and obtain recommendations regarding landscape elements. The results of the study showed that observing landscape photos had a significant effect on respondents\u27 psychology and physiological attributes (p<0.05), but was not significant on blood oxygen saturation (p=0.88). Eye tracking indicators showed that tree has the highest fixation count and fixation duration, with the lowest time to first fixation. Respondents\u27 visual behaviour mainly focused on the center point of the photo, vanishing point, dominant objects such as location signs, and randomly on points of interest in the photo. The landscape evaluation index positively correlated with the percentage of greenery. The findings recommend a minimum threshold of greenery for urban parks consisting of a proportion of 22% trees, 14% shrubs, and 12% lawns as a critical point for user perception and preference
Keanekaragaman Fauna Tanah dan Karakteristik Lingkungan pada Area Konservasi PLTGU Cilegon, Indonesia
Get PDFFauna tanah berperan penting dalam memelihara dan meningkatkan kualitas tanah pada suatu ekosistem, sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator kualitas tapak dan kondisi lingkungan. Komunitas fauna tanah pada suatu ekosistem dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor lingkungan, baik edafis dan klimatis. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman fauna tanah dan hubunganya dengan faktor lingkungan (edafis dan klimatis) pada area konservasi PLTGU Cilegon, Indonesia yang merupakan lahan dengan tanah timbunan yang telah direvegetasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada area konservasi PLTGU Cilegon masih memiliki keanekaragaman fauna tanah yang relatif sedang (1 ≤ H’ ≤ 3) dengan kekayaan jenis fauna tanah yang relatif rendah (DMg < 3,5), serta kemerataan jenis fauna tanah yang relatif merata / tidak didominasi oleh jenis tertentu (E > 0,5). Keberadaan fauna tanah, baik keanekaragaman dan kekayaan jenisnya memiliki korelasi positif dengan beberapa faktor edafis lingkungan, diantaranya BOT, C-org., respirasi dan pH tanah. Sementara itu, keberadaan fauna tanah memiliki korelasi negatif dengan suhu tanah. Di sisi lain, keberadaan fauna tanah, baik keanekaragaman dan kekayaan jenisnya memiliki korelasi positif dengan faktor klimatis lingkungan, seperti kelembapan udara, serta berkorelasi negatif dengan intensitas cahaya matahari dan suhu udara