Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Keragaan Galur-galur Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranea L.) Asal Lanras Sumedang
Get PDFKacang bambara merupakan salah satu jenis legum yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia dan telah dikembangkan untuk mendapatkan genotipe unggul melalui seleksi galur murni. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi keragaan karakter kuantitatif dan kualitatif galur-galur kacang bambara asal lanras Sumedang serta untuk memperoleh korelasi antar karakter pada galur-galur tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cikarawang pada Januari–Juli 2022. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah RKLT dua ulangan dengan 14 galur asal lanras Sumedang, satu galur asal lanras Sukabumi dan satu populasi Sumedang yang belum diseleksi. Satu galur asal Sukabumi telah diseleksi galur murni dan digunakan sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, bobot 100 biji berbeda nyata antar galur yang diamati. Bobot 100 biji memiliki nilai duga heritabilitas arti luas kategori tinggi. Koefisien keragaman genetik seluruh karakter berada pada kategori rendah–sedang. Karakter-karakter pada komponen hasil saling berkorelasi positif. Umur berbunga berkorelasi negatif terhadap karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan lebar kanopi pengukuran pertama, bobot polong total, bobot polong bernas, dan bobot 100 biji. Tipe kanopi, bentuk daun, bentuk polong, warna polong, tekstur polong serta warna dan corak biji menunjukkan keragaman antara galur uji dengan galur pembanding.
Kata kunci : aksesi, heritabilitas, korelasi, polon
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Hayati terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kelengkeng Umur Satu Tahun
Get PDFKelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan L.) merupakan tanaman yang berasal dari daratan Cina sehingga tergolong tanaman sub-tropis. Pada tahun 2022, Indonesia mampu memproduksi kelengkeng mencapai 46.096 ton/tahun. Salah satu alternatif untuk produksi dalam budidaya tanaman adalah menggunakan pupuk hayati. Penggunaan pupuk hayati diharapkan mampu menekan penggunaan pupuk anorganik dan tanaman kelengkeng dapat tumbuh lebih sehat, ramah lingkungan dan berproduksi dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kelengkeng. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April - September 2024 di Kebun Pendidikan dan Penelitian Kelapa Sawit IPB-Cargill Kecamatan Jonggol, Kabupaten Bogor. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan percobaan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT). Perlakuan disusun dalam 4 taraf pemupukan pupuk hayati yaitu: (1) kontrol tanpa aplikasi pupuk (P0), (2) pupuk hayati 50 g per tanaman (P1), (3) pupuk hayati 100 g per tanaman (P2), (4) pupuk hayati 200 g per tanaman. Peubah yang diamati adalah diameter batang, tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang dan tingkat kehijauan daun. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pupuk hayati tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan kelengkeng.
Kata kunci: budidaya, hortikultura, respons pertumbuhan, tanaman bua
Effect of Ammonium Sulfate on Flower and Pod Development of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
No full textSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a food crop rich in vegetable oil and protein, with increasing demand and economic worth. Increasing soybean production can be accomplished by providing nutrients nitrogen and sulfur, hence increasing the percentage of bloom development into pods. Applying ammonium sulfate at the start of planting can fulfill nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer requirements. The purpose of this study was to examine and determine the ideal concentration of ammonium sulfate for optimal flower and pod formation, as well as the percentage of flower development into pods and leaf sulfur content. Ammonium sulfate was applied in an experimental garden by mixing it into the planting material in polybags under controlled settings. This study employed a single-factor fully randomized design with four doses of ammonium sulfate. The treatments were ammonium sulfate [NH4)2SO4] at various concentrations of 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg/ha administered at the start of planting, with five replications. The research factors were the quantity of flowers, pods, percentage of flower development into pods, and sulfur level in the leaves. The sulfur content of the leaves was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 5%, followed by DMRT if the results were significant. The results revealed that ammonium sulfate 300 kg/ha produced the highest number of flowers, pods, percentage of flower development into pods, and sulfur content in leaves.
Keywords: ammonium sulfate, nitrogen, productivity, soybean, sulfu
Effect of AB Mix and Seed Rates on Unhulled Rice Green Fodder Productivity
Get PDFLand scarcity has become a concern in forage production activities, necessitating the development of an alternate hydroponic green fodder approach. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of AB Mix nutrition and seed density on the growth, productivity, and quality of green fodder derived from rice grain. The study utilized a 2 × 3 factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The factors studied included the use of AB Mix (without and with AB Mix) and seed density (750, 1000, and 1250 g/m2). This study looked at aspects such as growth, productivity, and green fodder quality. Data was evaluated using the ANOVA test for growth and production, as well as the T test for green fodder quality. The results showed that adding AB Mix greatly improved green fodder growth, productivity, and quality. A seed density of 1250 g/m2 produced the highest productivity results.
Keywords: AB Mix, green fodder, land scarcity, seed rate
Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma asperellum\u27s Virulence on Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) Eggs
Get PDFSpodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith, sometimes known as armyworm, is a serious pest in maize crops. This pest affects maize plants\u27 leaves, resulting in yield losses of up to 79.9%. Entomopathogenic fungi is one alternate method for controlling the pest. Various entomopathogenic fungus can be found in nature, one of which thrives endophytically on plants, such as Trichoderma asperellum. The purpose of this study was to obtain and evaluate T. asperellum\u27s pathogenicity in suppressing S. frugiperda eggs. This investigation used five T. asperellum isolates (A116, PC21, S2D11, SD34, and AB2B3) obtained from diverse plant tissues. S. frugiperda larvae were treated with 2 mL of a conidia suspension containing 108 conidia/mL and sterile distilled water as a control. The observation variables comprised S. frugiperda egg mortality, first-instar larvae mortality, pupae formation percentage, and imago formation percentage. The findings indicated that the endophytic fungus T. asperellum can infect S. frugiperda eggs. The mortality rate for S. frugiperda eggs ranged from 43.27 to 78.34%. The mortality rate of first instar larvae ranged between 36.94% and 60.22%. The application of T. asperellum to S. frugiperda decreased pupae and imago production by 39.78% and 37.87%, respectively. T. asperellum SD324 is the most effective isolate for infecting S. frugiperda eggs.
Keywords: endophytes fungus, entomopathogenic fungus, larvae, maize, Spodoptera frugiperd
Analisis Komparasi Produksi Bawang Merah Organik Dan Anorganik Di Desa Sukorejo Kecamatan Rejoso Kabupaten Nganjuk
Get PDFIndonesia places shallots as one of the main agricultural commodities with high selling value. Among the various shallot producing regions in Indonesia, Nganjuk district is known as one of the largest producing areas and production centers for shallot commodities in Indonesia. Organic and inorganic shallot production is the focus of attention of farmers and agricultural actors today. The research objectives are (1) to analyze the various factors that contribute to shallot production, both inorganic and organic cultivation (2) to analyze the average difference in shallot production before and after the implementation of organic farming. The research method used is to conduct a quantitative approach technique to 20 respondents who apply organic, semi-organic as well as inorganic farming and 10 respondents who apply inorganic farming only. Data collection methods were carried out by observation, interviews and literature studies. The results revealed that production factors contribute to shallot yield. Factors that affect shallot yield are seed variables and dummy variables, which means the value is smaller than 0.05. The results of the analysis show that the variables of land area, fertilizer, pesticides, and labor do not have a real influence in determining shallot yield. Research on the comparison of average shallot production shows a significant difference between before and after the implementation of organic farming. To minimize the risk, steps are needed to provide support in the form of providing counseling and long-term assistance related to land to shallot farmers. Another step is the need for economic incentives for farmers who are willing to switch to organic farming, due to the transition period that has the potential to reduce productivityBawang merah merupakan komoditas unggulan di Indonesia dan memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi. Kabupaten Nganjuk merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil bawang merah terbesar di Indonesia. Produksi bawang merah organik dan anorganik menjadi fokus perhatian para petani dan pelaku pertanian saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi hasil produksi bawang merah anorganik ataupun organik dan mengetahui perbandingan rata-rata produksi bawang merah sebelum dan sesudah diterapkannya pertanian organik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan melakukan teknik pendekatan kuantitatif terhadap 20 responden yang menerapkan pertanian organik ataupun anorganik dan 10 responden yang menerapkan pertanian anorganik saja. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa faktor-faktor produksi berpengaruh sebesar 87,4% terhadap produksi bawang merah dan 23,7% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain diluar penelitian. Variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi bawang merah yaitu variabel bibit dengan nilai signifikansi 0,010 dan variabel dummy dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 yang artinya tidak lebih besar dari 0,05, sedangkan variabel luas lahan, pupuk, pestisida, dan tenaga tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap produksi bawang merah. Hasil penelitian terhadap perbandingan rata-rata produksi bawang merah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan pertanian organik dengan nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05 dan t hitung > t tabel yaitu 3,803 > 2,093
Analisis Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Jagung di Desa Mojokarang Kecamatan Dlanggu Kabupaten Mojokerto
No full textDesa Mojokarang adalah salah satu penghasil jagung terbesar kedua di Kabupaten Mojokerto. Berdasarkan data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), kontribusi sektor pertanian terhadap PDB meningkat dari Rp 1.555.207 miliar pada 2015 menjadi Rp 1.900.348 miliar pada 2018. Meskipun luas tanam dan produksi jagung terus mengalami peningkatan, produktivitasnya masih bervariasi, yang menunjukkan perlunya strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan efisiensi teknis secara konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak penggunaan faktor produksi jagung, mengukur efisiensi teknis, serta mengidentifikasi faktor sosial yang memengaruhi efisiensi teknis di Desa Mojokarang, Kecamatan Dlanggu, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah stochastic frontier dan regresi tobit dengan melibatkan 76 petani jagung sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel luas lahan, benih, dan pupuk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi teknis, sedangkan tenaga kerja dan pestisida tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan. Rata-rata efisiensi teknis petani di Desa Mojokarang mencapai 0,8220, yang menunjukkan bahwa petani secara teknis efisien. Faktor sosial, seperti pengalaman bertani dan status kepemilikan lahan, juga terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi teknis, sementara faktor umur, pendidikan, dan jumlah anggota keluarga tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan.Corn is a fundamental agricultural commodity that significantly impacts Indonesia\u27s food security and economy. Data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) indicates that the agriculture sector\u27s contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) rose from Rp 1,555.207 trillion in 2015 to Rp 1,900.348 trillion in 2018. The expansion of maize cultivation area and production has not resulted in stable productivity, revealing technical efficiency limitations in farming that affect the sustainability and competitiveness of the agricultural industry. This study seeks to evaluate the technical efficiency of maize farming and the elements that affect it, encompassing farmers\u27 production as well as social and economic dimensions. This study examines Mojokarang Village in Dlanggu District, Mojokerto Regency, recognised as the second-largest maize production centre in the region. The site was selected because maize serves as the principal revenue source for local farmers and there are signs that agricultural technological efficiency can be enhanced. This study utilises stochastic frontier analysis and Tobit regression, with a sample of 76 maize producers. The findings demonstrate that production parameters, including land area, seeds, and fertilisers, substantially affect technical efficiency, but labour and pesticides do not exert a significant influence. The mean technical efficiency of farmers in Mojokarang Village is 0.8220, suggesting that while farmers function with considerable efficiency, there remains potential for enhancement. From a socioeconomic standpoint, farming experience and land ownership status substantially impact technical efficiency, whereas age, educational attainment, and family size exhibit no significant effect
Performa Keberlanjutan Usahatani Cabai Rawit berbasis Pemberdayaan Pesantren (Studi Kasus dengan Pendekatan SAFA FAO)
No full textABSTRACT
Cayenne pepper, a national strategic horticultural commodity, has yet to reach its production potential, partly due to global climate change affecting agricultural yields. This study evaluates the sustainability of small-scale cayenne pepper farming at four Islamic boarding schools in Bogor Regency, part of the \u27Juara Ekspor\u27 partnership program involving cross-sector collaboration. Using FAO\u27s SAFA framework, the research assesses four sustainability dimensions: governance, environment, economy, and social. The study was conducted at Islamic Boarding School (pesantren) namely Darul Fallah, Al-Wafa, Modern Sahid, and Nurul Iman, involving 12 purposively selected respondents comprising farmers and production assistants. The SAFA Tool 2.4.1 processed questionnaire data to evaluate sustainability. Results indicate good sustainability practices overall, particularly in economic resilience and social welfare. Strong performance was also noted in governance (ethics, participation, law enforcement), environment (water, biodiversity, energy), economy (investment, vulnerability, product quality), and social themes (livelihoods and labor rights).
Keywords : cayenne pepper, climate change, islamic boarding schools (pesantren), SAFA framework, small-scale farming, sustainability assessment
ABSTRAK
Cabai rawit, salah satu komoditas hortikultura strategis nasional, belum mencapai potensi produksinya, antara lain karena perubahan iklim global yang mempengaruhi hasil pertanian. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi keberlanjutan pertanian cabai rawit skala kecil di empat pondok pesantren di Kabupaten Bogor, yang merupakan bagian dari program kemitraan \u27Juara Ekspor\u27 yang melibatkan kolaborasi lintas sektor. Dengan menggunakan kerangka kerja SAFA FAO, penelitian ini menilai empat dimensi keberlanjutan: tata kelola, lingkungan, ekonomi, dan sosial. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pesantren Darul Fallah, Al-Wafa, Modern Sahid, dan Nurul Iman, dengan melibatkan 12 responden yang dipilih secara purposif yang terdiri dari petani dan asisten produksi. SAFA Tool 2.4.1 mengolah data kuesioner untuk mengevaluasi keberlanjutan. Hasilnya menunjukkan praktik keberlanjutan yang baik secara keseluruhan, terutama dalam hal ketahanan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan sosial. Kinerja yang baik juga terlihat dalam tata kelola (etika, partisipasi, penegakan hukum), lingkungan (air, keanekaragaman hayati, energi), ekonomi (investasi, kerentanan, kualitas produk), dan sosial (mata pencaharian dan hak-hak pekerja).
Kata Kunci: cabai rawit, kerangka kerja SAFA, penilaian keberlanjutan, perubahan iklim, pesantren, usahatani skala kecilSustainable agricultural development requires synergy among components that must balance ecological, economic, and social issues. The subject of sustainability will be inextricably tied to environmental problems in agricultural production. Cayenne pepper, a national strategic horticulture commodity, has not reached its full production potential due to a number of factors, one of which is global climate change, which is intimately linked to changes in agricultural productivity. The assessment of sustainability performance was analyzed in four Islamic Boarding Schools in the Bogor Regency area that are partners of the "Juara Eskpor" program, which was initiated by the Department of Sharia Economics and Finance (DEKS) Bank of Indonesia, and cross-party collaboration in response to the production and sustainability challenges in cayenne pepper farming. This study aimed to assess the sustainability status of the Islamic boarding school in four dimensions of sustainability and analyze the sustainability themes that influence its sustainability performance. The Islamic boarding school partners that became the object of analysis were Darul Fallah (Ciampea District), Al-Wafa (Tamansari District), Modern Sahid (Pamijahan District), and Nurul Iman (Parung District). There were 12 respondents involved in the research, consisting of farmers and production technical assistants. The determination of the respondent sample was taken purposively. The analysis of sustainability status was carried out by processing the research questionnaire sourced from the FAO’s SAFA guidelines and processed using SAFA Tool 2.4.1 software. Modern Sahid performs well, particularly in terms of governance. Modern Sahid and Nurul Iman are the best-performing pesantren in terms of environmental integrity due to their exceptional capacity to preserve atmospheric sustainability. Nurul Iman performs the best in the economic resilience dimension. Darul Fallah and Modern Sahid thrive in the social dimension by focusing on ensuring workers\u27 rights and good lives. Darul Fallah and Modern Sahid had the best overall sustainability performance
Impact of Land Use on Oceanography Parameters and Quality of Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in Coastal Waters of South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Get PDFTulisan ini memberikan informasi mengenai pengaruh penggunaan lahan di Sulawesi Selatan terhadap kandungan unsur hara nitrat dan fosfat di perairan serta kualitas rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii yang dipelihara di wilayah pesisir. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di tiga lokasi pantai yaitu Marang di Kabupaten Pangkajene, Sanrobone di Kabupaten Takalar dan Sajoanging di Kabupaten Wajo. Penelitian ini mengukur beban limbah nutrien dari sungai di tiga lokasi dan mengukur pengaruhnya terhadap konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat di perairan serta klorofil-a, kandungan karagenan, kadar air dan kadar abu pada rumput laut yang dipelihara di perairan pantai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lahan berhubungan dengan besarnya beban hara, pada lokasi Sajoanging yang dominan penggunaan lahan pertanian menghasilkan beban nitrat dan fosfat yang tinggi, sedangkan pada lokasi lain relatif lebih rendah. Kandungan unsur hara ini mempengaruhi kondisi oseanografi dan kualitas Kappaphycus alvarezii yang dibudidayakan This paper provides information on the influence of land use in South Sulawesi on the load of nitrate and phosphate nutrients in the water and its impact on the quality of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed grown in coastal areas. Data were collected at three coastal locations: Marang in Pangkajene Regency, Sanrobone in Takalar Regency, and Sajoanging in Wajo Regency, for three repetitions of nutrient loads. Oceanographic parameters were measured at nine points at each location, including temperature, salinity, pH, current waters, nitrate, phosphate, and total suspended solid (TSS). The quality of seaweed observed was chlorophyll-a, carrageenan content, water content, and ash content in seaweed reared in coastal waters. The research results show that land use is related to the amount of nutrient load; in the Sajoanging location, where agricultural land use is dominant, it produces high nitrate and phosphate loads, while in other locations, it is relatively lower. This nutrient content influences oceanographic conditions and the quality of cultivated Kappaphycus alvarezii. 
Spatial Patterns and Environmental Influences on Soil Surface Collembola in Forest and Non-Forest Ecosystems
Get PDFHutan merupakan salah satu bentuk ekosistem dengan karakteristik habitat yang berbeda untuk spesies tertentu. Terjadinya deforestasi atau perubahan fungsi dari hutan menjadi non-hutan akan mempengaruhi ekosistem dan spesies di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung kelimpahan jenis Collembola permukaan tanah di setiap ekosistem, mengidentifikasi jenis Collembola permukaan tanah yang ditemukan, mengidentifikasi pola sebaran Collembola permukaan tanah, menjelaskan pengaruh faktor lingkungan terhadap keberadaan Collembola permukaan tanah dan mengidentifikasi tipe serta bentuk asosiasi antara Collembola permukaan tanah dan Acari. Kegiatan di lapangan meliputi pembuatan Littertrap, pemanenan serasah, ekstraksi Collembola permukaan tanah dan Acari dengan teknik Berlese-Tullgren, pengukuran faktor lingkungan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi Collembola permukaan tanah dan Acari. Kelimpahan jenis Collembola permukaan tanah rata-rata tertinggi terdapat pada ekosistem oil palm plantation. Total individu yang ditemukan di semua tipe ekosistem sebanyak 1 618 individu terdiri dari 13 genus dan 6 famili yaitu Cyphoderidae, Entomobryidae, Isotomidae, Oncopoduridae, Paronellidae, Dicyrtomidae serta 2 ordo yaitu Entomobyromorpha dan Symphypleona dengan pola sebaran mengelompok pada semua tipe ekosistem. Keberadaan Collembola permukaan tanah sangat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor lingkungan baik biotik maupun abiotik, dari semua tipe ekosistem hanya ekosistem secondary forest yang tidak memiliki hubungan asosiasi antara Collembola permukaan tanah dan Acari.Forests are one of the ecosystems with different habitat characteristics for certain species. The transition from forest to non-forest will affect the ecosystem and its resident species. The study aims to determine the presence of soil surface Collembola within various ecosystems, identify the types of soil surface Collembola present and their locations, analyze the impact of environmental conditions on their distribution, and identify the association between soil surface Collembola and Acari. The field procedures comprise the setup of litter traps, litter harvesting and extraction, measurement of environmental factors, and identification of soil surfaces in Collembola and Acari. Collembula is found in oil palm plantations. A total of 1,618 individuals were found in all ecosystem types, including 13 genera and 6 families: Cyphoderidae, Entomobryidae, Isotomidae, Oncopoduridae, Paronellidae, and Dicyrtomidae, along with 2 orders, Entomobyromorpha and Symphypleona, which showed grouped patterns in each ecosystem types. Several environmental factors, both biotic and abiotic,strongly influence the soilsurface of Collembola. From all ecosystem types, only secondary forest ecosystems lack an association between soil surface Collembola and Acari