Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Kontribusi Teori Fondasi Moral terhadap Tingkat Hostile Sexism Masyarakat Beretnis Tionghoa di jakarta: The Contribution of Moral Foundations to the Level of Hostile Sexism in the Chinese Ethic Community in Jakarta
No full textSeksisme bermusuhan (hostile sexism) sebagai bentuk prasangka masih sering dialami oleh perempuan Tionghoa, yang dapat dipengaruhi atau muncul dari hal-hal sederhana seperti pikiran yang membenarkan penilaian moral dan reaksi emosional diri sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kontribusi dari keenam dimensi teori fondasi moral (care, equality, proportionality, loyalty, authority, dan purity) pada laki-laki dan perempuan dewasa awal terhadap seksisme bermusuhan dalam konteks budaya Tionghoa di Jakarta yang masih menerapkan nilai-nilai patriarki. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain kuantitatif melalui analisis regresi linear berganda. Sebanyak 231 partisipan dikumpulkan melalui purposive sampling dan snowball sampling dengan instrumen Moral Foundations Questionnaire-2 (MFQ-2) dan Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa dimensi dari teori fondasi moral berkontribusi dalam memperkuat sikap seksis bermusuhan pada perempuan dewasa awal beretnis Tionghoa. Sebanyak 42,5 persen variasi seksisme bermusuhan pada partisipan laki-laki dan 38,8 pada partisipan perempuan dapat dijelaskan oleh fondasi moral seseorang, khususnya dalam konteks budaya kolektivis yang patriarkis. Implikasi penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya memperluas pemahaman mengenai seksisme dalam budaya kolektivis kepada masyarakat. Upaya tersebut diharapkan dapat mengurangi stigmatisasi terhadap perempuan Tionghoa sekaligus mengkritisi norma tradisional yang membatasi ruang gerak perempuan.Humans possess the capacity to make moral judgments, discerning the rightness or wrongness of behaviors. According to Moral Foundations Theory, our minds justify our moral assessments. Our minds provide reasons that support our moral judgments and emotional reactions, often leading us to perceive those who do not share our values as unfavorable. Conversely, hostile sexism is a form of sexism characterized by negative attitudes toward women. This study aims to examine the contribution of all six dimensions of moral foundations theory to hostile sexism within the specific context of Chinese culture, where patriarchal values persist. Data were collected from 231 participants, consisting of 101 men and 130 women, aged 18-39 years. The research findings indicate that the dimensions of equality, loyalty, and authority all contribute positively to hostile sexism. 
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT STUDY BASED ON THE LIFE CYCLE OF SANJAICHIPS PRODUCTS IN PAYAKUMBUH, WEST SUMATERA
Get PDFThe growing productivity of the Sanjai chips agro-industry contributes to increasing emissions along the production process. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impact of Sanjai chips production using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The assessment follows LCA stages: goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory, and impact assessment. The system boundary is gate-to-gate, focusing on the production stages: peeling, washing, slicing, frying, seasoning preparation (balado), mixing, and packaging. The functional unit is 1 kg of Sanjai chips. For each kilogram of product, inputs include 2.01 kg of cassava, 0.35 liters of cooking oil, 9.63 liters of water, and 2.61 kg of firewood, with 9.63 liters of wastewater produced. Environmental impacts were analyzed using SimaPro 9.4.2 software and the CML-IA Baseline method. Results show that 1 kg of Sanjai chips contributes to Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 1.3619 kg CO₂ eq, Acidification Potential (AP) of 0.0131 kg SO₂ eq, Eutrophication Potential (EP) of 0.0740 kg PO₄ eq, and Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP) of 8.09E-07 kg CFC-11 eq. The frying stage is the primary hotspot, contributing 78.7% of total impacts, mainly due to cooking oil use. It is recommended that future research expand the system boundary to a cradle-to-grave scope and include social and economic dimensions to achieve a more holistic sustainability assessment.
Keywords: environmental impact, life cycle assessment, sanjai chips, simapr
DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES BASED ON SPATIAL CONCENTRATION IN SARBAGITA AREA
Get PDFSeveral studies have found that disparities still exist between regions within the Sarbagita area. As a driving force for the regional economy, the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is important to be developed based on their potential in solving these problems. This study aimed to identify the potential of each type of SME based on aspects of specialisation and spatial concentration using the Krugman Index, Hoover Ballasa Index, and LISA analysis methods. The data used in this study is based on the number of SME units in each area of the Sarbagita Area which are grouped based on eight categories of SME types. The research found that the specialisation categories of SME types from highest to lowest, namely: iron and steel; non-metallic mineral; wood goods; textile and apparel; printing and publishing; basic chemical; fertilizers, and plastic equipment, metal goods; food and beverage. The results of this study also show that there are concentrations and spatial relationship patterns of each type of SME with High-High (H-H), High-Low (H-L), Low-High (L-H), and Low-Low (L-L) patterns. This spatial information is expected to be a reference for directing SME development strategies in the Sarbagita area.
Keywords: small and medium industry; spatial concentration; Sarbagita are
Agrobiodiversity of Talas Beneng (Xanthosoma undipes K.Koch) Based-Community Forest and Its Role in The Productivity Enhancement
Get PDFThe increasing intensification of agriculture, which tends to be monocultural and lacks attention to diversity, has led to global challenges related to climate change and sustainability by affecting carbon sequestration, land productivity, and farmers\u27 incomes. This study aimed to determine the role of agrobiodiversity in the talas beneng community forest in supporting sustainable agriculture that provides long-term benefits for the environment, economy, and community welfare. We conducted a case study on an agroforestry system based on taro cultivation in community forest land using a vegetation survey, observations, and interviews with three key respondents. The results showed that agroforestry-based taro cultivation has the potential to extend the timber harvesting cycle and maintain the ecosystem functions of community forests. Agrobiodiversity in community forest land based on taro cultivation is relatively low (H\u27 <3), but it can have a positive impact on agricultural land sustainability and potentially increase the local economy and farmers\u27 income
Wildlife Trade Governance and Zoonosis: Missing Link From Forest to Market Place
No full textIndonesia is a major hub for domestic and international wildlife trade. Illegal and unregulated trade threatens species survival and public health through potential zoonotic disease transmission. Effective governance, including strengthened legislation and enforcement, is essential to address these issues. This paper scrutinizes the laws and policies governing wildlife trade and zoonosis prevention in Indonesia, spotlighting the regulatory path from source to marketplace transactions. By analyzing existing regulations, both at the national and local levels, with a focus on Jakarta and Bandung as case studies for local regulation, this study aims to clarify the management of legal wildlife trade, the responsible actors, and their legal duties throughout the chain. The findings underscore a disconnect exists between upstream monitoring and downstream marketplace activities. Furthermore, the discussion reveals a critical regulatory loophole- the lack of regulations addressing standards for a healthy non-livestock wildlife market and the often-overlooked role of local government agencies, which, despite playing a marginalized role in wildlife trade monitoring strategies, are the forefront of zoonosis surveillance and monitoring duty
Dynamics of Indonesia’s Competitiveness and Factors Affecting Coffee Exports in The China Market
Get PDFBackground: As one of the world’s largest coffee exporters, Indonesia has significantly increased its coffee export value. The rapidly growing global coffee market, with China being one of the largest, shows a promising potential. Nonetheless, Indonesia is facing stiff competition from other coffee-exporting countries.Purpose: This study analyzes the dynamics of Indonesia\u27s coffee competitiveness in the Chinese market and the factors affecting coffee exports to the Chinese market.Design/methodology/approach: This research uses RCA, EPD, X-Model and Gravity models as analytical tools. Findings/Results: The RCA analysis shows that Indonesia has a comparative advantage during the two research periods, while the EPD analysis finds that Indonesia has successfully improved its competitive position from lagging to rising in the second period. In addition, the X-Model analysis shows that China had a lower potential market for Indonesia in the first period. However, this market becomes optimistic in the next period, so there is much potential to continue increasing coffee exports to this country. In addition, gravity model analysis shows that factors such as the real GDP of exporting countries and China\u27s real GDP affect coffee exports to the Chinese market.Conclusion: Indonesia\u27s competitiveness has improved in the Chinese market, and the economic growth of exporters and China is essential in driving coffee exports to the Chinese market.Originality/value (state of the art): This study explicitly highlights China\u27s fast-growing non-traditional coffee market, which currently shows high growth rates in coffee consumption.
Keywords: coffee, EPD, gravity model, X-Model, international trad
The Application of Barokah herb and salinity on the growth of Sangkuriang catfish Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822
No full textThe demand and need for catfish is increasing along with the growth of the Indonesian population, thus requiring greater catfish production. In addition, most of the brackish water areas in Indonesia have not been optimized for freshwater fish farming. Water salinity of 4 ppt plays a role in increasing fish growth, so when combined with the use of probiotics it has the potential to optimize catfish growth. This prompted a study on the Barokah herb, a herbal probiotic developed by the Mina Rukun fish group in Gunungkidul, which was combined with a water salinity of 4 parts per thousand (ppt) for more optimal rearing of Sangkuriang catfish. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with four treatment groups: control (K), salinity 4 ppt (S), herbal probiotics Barokah Herb with a dose of 30 mL/kg feed (P), and a combination of Barokah herb and salinity (PS). Each pond contained 375 catfish as replications with a stocking density of 250 fish/m3. Data analysis was carried out using the ANOVA Test and the Tukey HSD Test as a post hoc test. The results showed that the combination of Barokah herb with a dose of 30 mL/kg feed and salinity of 4 ppt gave the best effect on the growth of Sangkuriang catfish, feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.001 and specific growth ratio (SGR) of 1.021. Histo-morphologically, the combination of Barokah Herb and 4 ppt salinity showed an increase in the dimensions of the villi, crypts, and tunica mucosa in the intestine and increased the dimensions skeletal muscle fascicles of the Sangkuriang catfish. This is related to the environment that is isoosmotic to the catfish\u27s body and also the improvement of the catfish\u27s digestive system.
Keywords: catfish growth, histo-morphology, barokah herb, salinity
ABSTRAK
Permintaan dan kebutuhan lele semakin meningkat seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia, sehingga membutuhkan produksi lele yang lebih besar. Selain itu, sebagian besar wilayah perairan payau di Indonesia belum dioptimalkan untuk budidaya ikan air tawar. Salinitas air 4 ppt berperan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan, sehingga ketika dikombinasikan dengan probiotik, berpotensi menjadikan pertumbuhan lele lebih optimal. Hal ini mendorong dilakukannya penelitian tentang probiotik herbal Ramuan Barokah yang dikembangkan oleh kelompok ikan Mina Rukun Gunungkidul yang dikombinasikan dengan salinitas air 4 part per thousand (ppt) agar pemeliharaan ikan lele Sangkuriang lebih optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol (K), salinitas 4 ppt (S), probiotik herbal Ramuan Barokah dengan dosis 30 mL/kg pakan (P), dan kombinasi probiotik hebal dan salinitas (PS). Setiap kolam diisi 375 ekor ikan lele sebagai ulangan dengan padat tebar 250 ekor/m3. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Uji ANOVA dan Uji Tukey HSD sebagai uji post hoc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Ramuan Barokah dengan dosis 30 mL/kg pakan dan salinitas 4 ppt memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele Sangkuriang, rasio konversi pakan (FCR) sebesar 1,001 dan rasio pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR) sebesar 1,021. Secara histomorfologi, kombinasi Ramuan Barokah dan salinitas 4 ppt menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dimensi vili, kripta, dan tunika mukosa pada usus serta peningkatan dimensi fasikulus otot rangka ikan lele Sangkuriang. Hal ini berkaitan dengan lingkungan yang isoosmotik terhadap tubuh ikan lele dan juga perbaikan sistem pencernaan lele.
Kata kunci: histo-morfologi, pertumbuhan lele, ramuan barokah, salinita
Bakteri Endofit Penghasil AHL-Laktonase Asal Tanaman Pisang untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Darah: Endophytic Bacteria Producing AHL-Lactonase from Banana Plant to Control Blood Disease
Get PDFPenyakit darah yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV merupakan penyakit penting pada pisang yang menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga 100%. Bakteri R. solanacearum mengekspresikan gen virulensi melalui mekanisme quorum sensing (QS) dengan menggunakan asil homoserin lakton (AHL) sebagai autoinducer. Enzim AHL laktonase diproduksi oleh bakteri dan memiliki potensi sebagai agens biokontrol bakteri patogen melalui anti-QS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah memperoleh isolat bakteri endofit penghasil AHL laktonase untuk pengendalian R. solanacearum pada tanaman pisang. Tahapan penelitian mencakup isolasi dan seleksi bakteri endofit asal tanaman pisang sebagai penghasil AHL laktonase dengan bioassay maupun molekuler, uji keefektifan isolat bakteri dalam menekan faktor virulensi R. solanacearum, uji keefektifan pengendalian R. solanacearum in planta, dan identifikasi molekuler isolat bakteri potensial. Isolasi bakteri endofit berhasil dilakukan dari sampel pisang asal Bogor di tiga kecamatan, yaitu Cisarua, Dramaga, dan Jonggol yang terdiri atas lima jenis pisang masing-masing menghasilkan 152, 204, dan 130 isolat bakteri endofit. Uji lebih lanjut menggunakan Chromobacterium violaceum sebagai bioindikator menunjukkan lima isolat dengan aktivitas anti-QS. Deteksi gen aiiA dengan PCR menggunakan primer spesifik menunjukkan bahwa kelima isolat memiliki amplikon berukuran 753 pb dan telah dikonfirmasi melalui sekuensing sebagai gen aiiA. Kelima isolat bakteri tersebut CBP1, DBT17, DBT7, DBK2, dan CBN13 mampu menekan pembentukan ekstraseluler polisakarida (EPS) yang dihasilkan R. solanacearum dengan persentase penekanan masing-masing sebesar 75.67%, 90.81%, 87.67%, 92.72%, 81.08%, dan mampu menghambat gejala layu sebagai salah satu gejala penyakit darah pada tanaman pisang. Hasil perunutan gen aiiA menunjukkan bahwa kelima isolat homolog dengan Bacillus cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. substilis, B. amyloliquefaciens.Endophytic Bacteria Producing AHL-Lactonase from Banana Plant to Control Blood Disease
Blood disease is an important disease in banana that caused 100% yield loss. The Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV as the causal agent for this disease express their virulence genes through quorum sensing (QS) mechanism by using acylated homoserine lactone (AHL) as autoinducer. AHL-lactonase enzyme is produced by bacteria, and its potential as biocontrol agents performed through anti-QS. This research was aimed to obtain endophytic bacteria isolates producing AHL lactonase for controling R. solanacearum in banana plants. The research stages include isolation and selection of endophytic bacteria from banana plant as producer of AHL lactonase by using bioassay and molecular, the effectiveness testing of the bacterial isolates in suppressing R. solanacearum pathogenic virulence factors, in planta testing for controlling R. solanacearum, and molecular identification of potential bacterial isolates. We successfully explored endophytic bacteria from low-, medium-, and up-land consisted several varieties of banana, resulting 152, 204, and 130 isolates, respectively. Further selection using bioindicator showed five isolates with anti quorum sensing activity against Chromobacterium violaceum. Detection of aiiA gene by polymerase chain reaction using specific primer indicated all of five isolates AHL degradation activity resulted 753 bp amplicon that has been identified as aiiA gene. These isolates (CBP1, DBT17, DBT7, DBK2, and CBN13) were able to suppress the formation of exstracellular polysacharide (EPS) produced by R. solanacearum with suppression level of 75.67%, 90.81%, 87.67%, 92.72%, 81.08%, and were able to inhibit wilt symptom in banana plant. Nucleotide sequences of aiiA gene of these five isolates has homology with aiiA genes from Bacillus cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. substilis, B. amyloliquefaciens.