Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Design of Gate 4 at IPB University and the Babakan Raya-Dramaga Road intersection to improve traffic performance of the campus’s external area
Get PDFPopulation growth and increased mobility in the area surrounding IPB University, particularly along Raya Dramaga Road and the Babakan Raya intersection have led to severe congestion. This intersection serves as a critical point where vehicle accumulation frequently occurs due to crossing movements, particularly during morning and evening peak hours. The majority of vehicles involved in these crossings are motorcycles owned by IPB students heading toward the university’s main gate. Therefore, effective measures or policies are required to reduce crossing movements during peak hours, such as redirecting a portion of student traffic to alternative gates to alleviate congestion at Babakan Raya intersection. This study aims to identify traffic volume, road and intersection capacity, and the actual intersection performance, design an optimal Gate 4 for IPB, and analyze its impact on traffic performance. The research methodology includes primary and secondary data collection, intersection performance analysis, and the design of a roundabout and intersection improvements based on PKJI 2023 standards and Transportation Ministerial Regulation No. 96 of 2015. The study findings indicate that widening minor approach lanes, constructing traffic islands, and eliminating side friction increase the capacity of Babakan Raya intersection from 2,985.32 PCU/hour to 3,413.88 PCU/hour. The degree of saturation decreases from 1.22 to 0.87, and intersection delay is significantly reduced from 46 seconds/PCU to 14 seconds/PCU, improving the level of service (LoS) from category E (poor) to B (good). The construction of Gate 4 at IPB successfully redirects vehicle flow, particularly motorcycles, which previously traversed Babakan Raya intersection to access Gate 1 of IPB. With a capacity of 2,149 PCU/hour, the Gate 4 roundabout effectively accommodates high vehicle volumes during peak hours. Traffic performance analysis results demonstrate that intersection improvements and the development of Gate 4 at IPB effectively enhance traffic performance in the external area of IPB, mitigate congestion, and improve vehicular movement efficiency
Pengendalian Tinggi Tanaman Hamparan Celosia dengan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Paclobutrazol
Get PDFCelosia merupakan salah satu species tanaman hamparan yang popular karena warna bunganya yang cerah dan berwarna-warni. Celosia yang tumbuh pada lingkungan tropika umumnya memiliki batang tinggi sehingga tampak kurang estetis, disamping menyulitkan penanganan, pengepakan dan transportasi. Penggunaan paclobutrazol dapat menghambat pemanjangan batang, membuat tanaman lebih kekar dan pendek. Penelitian ini dilakukan di nurseri PT Bina Usaha Flora, Cianjur, Jawa Barat untuk menentukan cara aplikasi dan konsentrasi paclobutrazol yang efektif untuk mengendalikan tinggi tiga kultivar Celosia argentea. Terdapat lima perlakuan pada percobaan ini, yaitu pemberian paclobutrazol dengan cara disemprot pada daun sebanyak 30 ppm dan 40 ppm, pemberian paclobutrazol disiram pada media tanam sebanyak 10 ppm dan 20 ppm, dan tanaman kontrol (tanpa aplikasi paclobutrazol). Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 15 tanaman yang ditanam dalam polybag, satu tanaman per polibag. Pemberian paclobutrazol 20 ppm dengan cara disiram pada media dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman C. argentea ‘Cristata’ hingga 67% (43.2 cm), C. argentea ‘Plumosa’ 48% (23.9 cm), dan C. argentea ‘Spicata’ 61% (44.4 cm) dibandingkan tanaman kontrol, namun menunda pembungaan Celosia argentea ‘Cristata’ 5-7 hari. Pemberian paclobutrazol dapat menghasilkan Celosia yang lebih pendek dan kekar.
Kata kunci: Celosia, pembungaan, retardan, tanaman hia
Growing Red Spinach Microgreens with Various LED Colors and Planting Media
Get PDFRed spinach microgreens are green plants that are consumed by their leaves in 14 days harvest time. This study aimed to examine the effects of LED light color and various planting media on the growth of red spinach microgreens. This research was conducted from June 1 to July 22, 2023, at Sendangguwo, at the Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Agriculture, Diponegoro University, and at the Chem-mix Pratama Laboratory, Yogyakarta. The experimental design was a divided plot design with triplicates. The main plot was the LED light color treatment with four levels: white, red, blue, and green. The subplots were planting media treatments with 3 levels: soil, cocopeat, and vermiculite. The parameters observed included plant height, root length, wet weight, chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, and vitamin C content. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance and further tested using Duncan\u27s Multiple Range test. The results showed that the color of white LED lights can increase chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and in soil planting media, it also increased chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in red spinach microgreens. Cocopeat planting medium increased plant height, and vermiculite planting medium increased wet weight and vitamin C content. In conclusion, the color treatment of white LED lights and soil growing media increased chlorophyll and carotenoid content in red spinach microgreens.
Keywords: LED, microgreens, planting media, red spinac
Phenols, Tannins, and Total Colonies of Phenol-Degrading Bacteria in the Natural and Cultivated Peatlands
Get PDFPhenols play an important role in inhibiting the decomposition rate of peats. This research compares the total phenols, tannins, and colonies of phenol-degrading bacteria in natural and cultivated peatlands. The work was conducted from September to December 2023 on the peatlands in Pontianak, West Kalimantan. Samples of 60 cm3 were collected from the peat surface. The samples were taken from 4 types of peats, namely natural peats covered by ferns (A), cultivated peat with raised beds (B), cultivated peat with raised beds ameliorated with lime and beef manure (C), and cultivated peat with raised beds ameliorated with lime, beef manure, and Jadam fertilizer (D). The total phenols content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu 10% method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 765 nm. The total tannins content was measured using the Folin-Denis method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 740 nm. Total bacterial colonies were counted using the Total Plate Count method on selective Mineral Salt Medium (MSM) agar with the addition of phenol solution. The results showed that the average total phenols and tannins content values were generally low in the cultivated peats, particularly in the raised bed (B). The results indicate that the cultivated peat accelerates the activity of phenol-degrading bacteria.
Keywords: Jadam fertilizer, phenols, phenol-degrading bacteria, peats, tanni
Factors Determining the Performance of the Indonesian Agricultural Sector in the Era of Climate Change
Get PDFThe agricultural sector plays a crucial role in Indonesia, serving as both a provider of food and a key driver of economic growth. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing Indonesia’s agricultural sector from 1981 to 2021, focusing on agricultural production and its economic value. Climate change has emerged as a critical issue affecting agriculture, with greenhouse gas emissions serving as proxies for measuring its impact. This study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to examine both short- and long-term relationships. The findings indicate that, in the long run, agricultural land area and economic growth significantly affect the agricultural sector. In the short term, agricultural land area, economic growth, and fertilizer usage are the key factors. However, climate change did not have a significant negative impact on agricultural decline. In contrast, fertilizer usage was positively correlated with agricultural production. These findings highlight the essential role of government policy in fostering agricultural sector development in Indonesia. Strategic initiatives should focus on ensuring an adequate fertilizer supply, expanding agricultural land, and promoting key economic sectors that drive growth and support agricultural sustainability.
Keywords: agricultural sector, ARDL model, climate change, Indonesi
Kinerja Low-Cost Chlorophyll Meter pada Pengukuraan Indeks Klorofil Daun Srikaya Jumbo
Get PDFOne of the factors affecting crop yields is the condition of nutrients in plants. The nutrient condition, particularly nitrogen, can be identified through the chlorophyll content in plant leaves, which can be measured using a chlorophyll meter. However, current chlorophyll meters are still expensive and have limitations such as limited data storage, with data being lost if there is no power supply. In this paper, an ESP32-based chlorophyll meter was developed to store chlorophyll content index (CCI) data in a memory module, enabling the data to be used for nitrogen status analysis. The plant used for chlorophyll measurement in this study was the jumbo sugar apple plant. The research methods included literature reviews from previous studies, design, implementation, and performance testing of the ESP32-based chlorophyll meter compared to the TYS-A chlorophyll meter in measuring the chlorophyll content of jumbo sugar apple leaves. The test results showed a determination coefficient (R²) of 0.9517 between the TYS-A values and those of the ESP32-based chlorophyll meter, indicating a significant correlation. The ESP32-based chlorophyll meter functioned effectively, being capable of measuring the chlorophyll index of jumbo sugar apple plant and storing the chlorophyll index data in a memory module. The ESP32-based chlorophyll meter can serve as an affordable alternative to the TYS-A chlorophyll meter.Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil panen yaitu kondisi unsur hara pada tanaman. Kondisi unsur hara pada tanaman khususnya nitrogen dapat diidentifikasi melalui kandungan klorofil pada daun tanaman yang dapat diukur menggunakan klorofil meter. Namun, klorofil meter yang ada saat ini harganya masih mahal, selain itu masih memiliki kelemahan seperti penyimpanan data yang terbatas, dan data akan hilang jika tidak ada catu daya. Pada makalah ini, telah dikembangkan klorofil meter berbasis ESP32 yang dapat menyimpan data chlorophyll content index (CCI) pada modul memori sehingga data CCI dapat digunakan untuk analisis status nitrogen, tanaman yang diukur kandungan klorofilnya yaitu tanaman srikaya jumbo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi kajian pustaka dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya, perancangan, realisasi dan pengujian kinerja perangkat klorofil meter berbasis ESP32 dibandingkan dengan klorofil meter TYS-A pada pengukuran kandungan klorofil daun tanaman srikaya jumbo. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) antara nilai TYS-A dengan nilai klorofil meter berbasis ESP32 adalah 0.9517, hal ini menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan. Klorofil meter berbasis ESP32 telah berfungsi dengan baik, yaitu mampu mengukur indeks klorofil tanaman srikaya jumbo, dan menyimpan data indeks klorofil pada modul memori. Klorofil meter berbasis ESP32 dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif yang murah dari klorofil meter TYS-A
Bogor Batik and Kujang Education through Arcade Games Based on 3D and Fuzzy
Get PDFBatik adalah bagian dari warisan budaya yang terus berkembang hingga saat ini di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah batik Bogor yang memiliki motif unik seperti hujan gerimis dan kujang. Dalam era teknologi modern, upaya memperkenalkan batik dan kujang kepada generasi muda melalui media pembelajaran digital sangat penting. Penelitian ini mengembangkan game arcade edukasi 3D berbasis fuzzy mamdani menggunakan metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) untuk mengenalkan budaya batik dan kujang Bogor secara interaktif. Hasil pengujian alpha dan beta menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan pengguna sebesar 84%, serta game ini secara efektif mengintegrasikan logika fuzzy untuk mengatur percepatan pemain. Game "Batik dan Kujang Bogor" tidak hanya menawarkan pengalaman bermain yang seru tetapi juga menjadi alat edukasi yang mempromosikan budaya lokal Indonesia.Batik is a cultural heritage that thrives in Indonesia, with Batik Bogor featuring unique motifs like Hujan Gerimis and Kujang. In the modern technological era, introducing batik and kujang to younger generations through digital learning platforms is crucial. This study presents the development of a 3D arcade-style educational game using the fuzzy Mamdani system and the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method. The game is designed to provide an interactive and immersive way of learning about Bogor\u27s batik and kujang heritage. Results from alpha and beta testing reveal a user satisfaction rate of 84%, with the fuzzy logic system effectively managing gameplay dynamics, such as player speed. The "Batik and Kujang Bogor" game not only delivers an enjoyable gaming experience but also serves as a valuable educational tool for promoting and preserving the richness of Indonesia\u27s local culture
An Evaluation of the Covid-19 National Economic Recovery Program: Evidence From MSMEs’ Performance in West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) maintain their performance through internal factors, like their characteristics as MSMEs, and external factors, such as government policy. The National Economic Recovery Program (PEN) was expected to improve the performance of MSMEs, especially during the pandemic. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the impact of PEN (credit restructuring, digitalization, and training) and MSMEs\u27 characteristics (form of business, gender, level of education, type of MSMEs, marketing area) on MSMEs\u27 performance measured by total asset turnover. Design/methodology/approach: The data from a survey conducted by Cooperation and MSMEs Dinas Koperasi dan UMKM, West Java Province, between 2020 and 2021. This survey focuses on 8,469 comprehensive and compliant MSME data points out of 9,046 using the logistic model.Finding/Result: The results show MSMEs who participate in PEN have a higher log odds ratio of total asset turnover above the average than those who do not. The form of business, gender, and marketing area positively affect the log odds ratio of total asset turnover above the average. Vocational education leads to the highest asset turnover, followed by diplomas, universities, and high schools. Service and Industry SMEs outperform other sectors, followed by Convection and Fashion, Food and Beverage, and Craft and Accessories. Conclusion: MSMEs involved in the PEN program are more likely to achieve higher asset turnover, with business form, gender, education, and marketing area significantly influencing performance.Originality/value (State of the art): This study uniquely links MSME characteristics with the government recovery program, providing a fresh evaluation of how policy interventions and internal drive MSME performance during the pandemic.
Keywords: MSMEs, PEN, The National Economic Recovery Program, West Java, COVID-1
Historical Analysis of Mangrove Ecosystems Changes in Tidal Disasters-Prone Areas Using Remote Sensing
Get PDFMangrove ecosystems are vital for human livelihoods, but ongoing exploitation and natural disturbances have led to significant land use and cover changes. Therefore, this study aimed to identify trends regarding land cover (LC) changes in mangrove ecosystems using remote sensing. LC changes from 1988 to 2024, as observed using remote sensing techniques. Satellite imagery from Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, Landsat 8 OLI/TRIS, and Landsat 9 OLI/TRIS was analyzed using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and a newly developed Combined Mangrove Recognition Index (CMRI). The results revealed four distinct phases of LC change over the study period (1988–2024), starting from 1988 to 1989, during which 12.14 ha of mangrove forest were documented. The second phase, spanning from 1990 to 1994, witnessed the onset of anthropogenic disturbances in pond area expansion, totaling 41.04 ha. The third phase, which spanned from 1995 to 1998, featured abrasion, resulting in 11.56 ha reduction in the area covered. Natural ecosystem recovery began in 1998 and continued with human intervention in the fourth phase from 2008 to 2024, resulting in an increase in mangrove forest LC by 62.57 ha. The study demonstrates the utility of remote sensing in documenting ecological changes over time and provides critical insights for sustainable coastal management and policymaking in vulnerable urban coastal zones
Effect of Irrigating Cooler Water (ICWr) on The Canopy Temperature of Japonica Rice Cultivars Himenorin and Nikomaru
Get PDFThe canopy temperature of rice is a critical concern due to rising air temperatures and the increasing risk of heat damage. In this study, we investigated the canopy temperature difference (CTd) and canopy temperature depression (CTD) in the Japonica rice cultivars ‘Himenorin’ (HR) and ‘Nikomaru’ (NM). Additionally, we examined the effect of irrigating cooler water (ICWr) on canopy temperature, particularly its impact on CTD reduction, compared to a control plot. The results showed that CTd in HR was lower than in NM. Furthermore, CTD reached 2.23 °C in HR and 2.35 °C in NM under shallower ponding conditions. ICWr effectively reduced the canopy temperature in both cultivars and decreased CTD to a negative value. These findings highlight that ICWr can mitigate canopy temperature increases under more intense solar radiation and high air temperatures. Therefore, implementing ICWr in rice fields may serve as a potential countermeasure to reduce heat damage in rice by lowering canopy temperature. Further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and enhance strategies for mitigating heat exposure, ensuring rice resilience and sustainability in a changing climate