Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Optimization of N Fertilization in Polianthes tuberose ‘ Roro Anteng’
Get PDFTuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is a popular cut flower in Indonesia, with excellent potential for development as a raw material for essential oils. Fertilization optimization is one of the efforts to meet the production needs of tuberose. This study aims to enhance the growth of tuberose plants and the production of flowers and bulbs of the Roro Anteng variety through optimized nitrogen fertilization. The research was conducted at Green Smart Farm Cikabayan, IPB University, from June to December 2023. The study employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors: fertilizer doses of 600 kg ha-1, 450 kg ha-1, and 300 kg ha-1, and fertilization frequencies of 2, 3, and 4 times. The results showed that the nitrogen dose of 600 kg ha-1, with two applications, produced tuberose with more leaves than the doses of 450 kg ha-1 and 300 kg ha-1, and fertilization frequencies of three and four times. Different nitrogen doses and frequencies did not affect the number and quality of tuberose flowers. The nitrogen dose of 600 kg ha-1 produced more bulbs with larger sizes compared to doses of 450 kg ha-1 and 300 kg ha-1. However, the flowers’ highest flavonoid and phenol content was achieved with fertilization with a dose of 450 kg ha-1 applied three times.
Keywords: dose fertilizer, frequency fertilizer, flower production, tuber productionTanaman sedap malam (Polianthes tuberosa L.) merupakan salah satu jenis bunga yang populer di Indonesia. Bunga sedap malam dapat digunakan sebagai bunga potong untuk rangkaian bunga maupun menjadi bunga tabur, dan sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku minyak atsiri. Optimasi pemupukan merupakan salah satu upaya dalam mencukupi kebutuhan produksi sedap malam. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman serta produksi bunga dan umbi sedap malam varietas Roro Anteng melalui optimasi pemupukan N. Penelitian dilakukan di Green Smart Farm Cikabayan, IPB University pada bulan Juni hingga Desember 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) 2 faktor yaitu dosis pupuk 600 kg ha-1, 450 kg ha-1, dan 300 kg ha-1 dan frekuensi pemupukan sebanyak 2 kali, 3 kali, dan 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis pemupukan N 600 kg ha-1 dan frekuensi aplikasi 2 kali menghasilkan tanaman sedap malam dengan jumlah daun lebih banyak dibandingkan dosis 450 kg ha-1 dan 300 kg ha-1, dan frekuensi pemupukan 3 dan 4 kali. Dosis N yang berbeda dan frekuensi pemupukan N yang berbeda tidak mempengaruhi jumlah dan mutu bunga sedap malam. Dosis N 600 kg ha-1 menghasilkan umbi anakan yang lebih banyak dengan ukuran yang lebih besar dibandingkan dosis 450 kg ha-1 dan 300 kg ha-1. Pemupukan dengan dosis 450 kg ha-1 yang diberikan tiga kali menghasilkan bunga sedap malam dengan kandungan flavonoid dan fenol tertinggi, menjadikannya bahan baku potensial untuk kosmetik
Identifikasi Karakter Jaringan Daun dan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Bibit Kelapa Normal dan Kopyor
Get PDFDeteksi awal tentang kebenaran suatu bahan tanam merupakan hal yang penting. Salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam mekanisme deteksi awal yaitu dengan pengamatan kuantitatif pada morfologi tanaman. Hasil studi diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi karakter morfologi pertumbuhan awal terkait perbedaan sifat morfologi bibit kelapa normal dan kopyor. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari perbedaan karakter vegetatif dan struktur jaringan daun antara bibit kopyor heterozigot (Kk) dan kelapa normal homozigot (KK). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga September 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo dan Laboratorium Mikro Teknik, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak faktor tunggal yaitu jenis bibit kelapa genjah yang terdiri atas kelapa kopyor (Kk) (kopyor hijau, kuning, coklat) dan kelapa normal (KK) Tlogowungu dengan 5 ulangan. Hasil pengamatan pada bibit kelapa yang dipelihara selama 17 minggu setelah adaptasi menunjukkan adanya perbedaan karakter vegetatif pada pertambahan ukuran lingkar batang antara bibit kelapa normal Tlogowungu dengan kopyor hijau. Perbedaan antar jenis bibit juga terdapat pada ketebalan epidermis bawah daun muda antara kelapa normal Tlogowungu dengan kelapa kopyor hijau dan kuning.
Kata kunci: epidermis, genjah, heterozigot, lingkar batang, Tlogowung
Pengaruh Silika dan Media Tanam terhadap Keberhasilan Aklimatisasi dan Pertumbuhan Planlet Dendrobium violaceoflavens x Dendrobium canaliculatum
Get PDFAnggrek Dendrobium section Spatulata hasil hibridisasi yang baru dikembangkan di Indonesia adalah Dendrobium violaceoflavens x Dendrobium canaliculatum. Perbanyakan melalui kultur jaringan dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif perbanyakannya, namun metode ini memiliki fase aklimatisasi yang sangat rentan dan sering kali menyebabkan tingkat kematian di atas 50% jika kondisi lingkungan tidak optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh silika dan media tanam pada pertumbuhan Dendrobium violaceoflavens x Dendrobium canaliculatum pada masa aklimatisasi. Unsur silika dipilih karena dapat meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap cekaman pada tanaman. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Petak Terbagi (RPT) dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi silika (SiO2) dengan empat taraf konsentrasi; 0 g L-1, 0.01 g L-1, 0.02 g L-1 dan 0.03 g L-1. Faktor kedua yaitu perlakuan media tanam sebanyak tiga jenis; spaghnum moss, moss hitam dan sabut kelapa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan konsentrasi silika tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, kerapatan stomata, ketebalan epidermis dan persentase hidup. Sementara itu, perlakuan berbagai media tanam berpengaruh nyata pada jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, kerapatan stomata, ketebalan epidermis dan persentase hidup. Media tanam terbaik adalah moss hitam dan sabut kelapa. Interaksi perlakuan konsentrasi silika dan media tanam pada peningkatan ketebalan epidermis dan berpengaruh nyata pada kerapatan stomata.
Kata kunci: anggrek, epidermis, silika, stomat
Analisis Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani Pengolah Kopra Di Kecamatan Wawonii Timur Laut Kabupaten Konawe Kepulauan
No full textPermasalahan ketahanan pangan menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang menjadi perhatian pemerintah Kabupaten Konawe Kepulauan. Pusat perekonomian penduduknya berada di wilayah terluar pulau yaitu Kota Kendari. Hasil kebun atau pertanian sebagian besar dipasarkan ke luar pulau, dan kebutuhan warga seperti pangan, peralatan rumah tangga dan lain sebagainya juga diperoleh dari luar pulau. Dengan kondisi seperti ini, mewujudkan ketahanan pangan merupakan hal mutlak yang harus dilakukan untuk mencapai kualitas hidup yang lebih baik. Mayoritas penduduk Kabupaten Konawe Kepulauan berprofesi sebagai petani kelapa karena kelapa merupakan komoditas unggulan di wilayah kepulauan ini. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji ketahanan pangan rumah tangga petani pengolah kopra di Kecamatan Wawonii Timur Laut, Kabupaten Konawe Kepulauan. Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga petani pengolah kopra di Pulau Wawonii menggunakan metode pengukuran Skala Akses Kerawanan Pangan Rumah Tangga (HFIAS). Keberagaman konsumsi pangan pada rumah tangga petani pengolah kopra di Pulau Wawonii dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode HDDS (Household Dietary Diversity Score). Kondisi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga petani pengolah kopra di Kecamatan Wawonii Timur Laut berada pada kategori aman pangan (80%) sedangkan konsumsi pangan rumah tangga petani pengolah kopra di Kecamatan Wawonii Timur Laut didominasi oleh beras, ikan, minyak, gula dan rempah-rempah yang sebagian besar adalah beras. diperoleh dari wilayah tersebut. tempat tinggal mereka karena sulitnya mengakses pasar di luar pulau.
APPLICATION OF A GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING TRAVELING SALESMAN PROBLEM IN ORGANIC PORRIDGE DISTRIBUTION
Get PDFThis study focuses on determining an optimal distribution route for organic porridge products produced by a company and delivered to multiple outlets. Each outlet is visited exactly once, and the delivery process starts and ends at the same outlet. A total of 44 outlets are considered, which are initially divided into nine distribution routes. To improve distribution efficiency, this study proposes reorganizing the outlets into only three distribution routes. Each route formulation is modeled as a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). The optimization of the three TSP cases is carried out using a Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the GA implementation, the order of outlets along a route is encoded as a chromosome consisting of a sequence of genes. The fitness function is defined based on the total travel distance, where a smaller value indicates a better solution. The results show that increasing the number of iterations and the size of population, which is the number of candidate routes considered at each step, can reduce the total travel distance up to a certain point. The exact routes and their sequence of outlets can be visualized in a map depicting each of the three optimized paths.
Keywords: Genetic Algorithm, distribution routing, total distance, Traveling Salesman Proble
Analisis Efisiensi Harga pada Pemasaran Bawang Merah di Provinsi Sumatera Barat
No full textWest Sumatra is one of the shallot production centers outside Java. In recent years, the price of shallots in West Sumatra has experienced price fluctuations due to oversupply which has an impact on the efficiency of commodity distribution and price stabilization both at the producer level to consumers. Given that shallots are a strategic and high-value commodity, this study aims to analyze the marketing channel to analyze price efficiency in the marketing channel using the price transmission approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews with 100 farmers and 80 marketing institutions while secondary data were daily shallot prices from January 2019 to December 2024. Descriptive analysis was used to identify institutions and marketing channels. To analyze price transmission, the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model was used. The results of the marketing channel analysis show that there are six shallot marketing channels at the level within the province of West Sumatra and three marketing channels with destinations outside the province of West Sumatra. The price transmission analysis with the NARDL model shows that the marketing channels within the province tend to be asymmetric, both in the short and long term. Meanwhile, in channels outside the province, the price relationship between regions generally shows a more symmetrical transmission. Therefore, it can be concluded that shallot marketing in West Sumatra Province has not been price efficient. This study recommends strengthening farmer institutions to increase bargaining power and the role of the government in providing market information systems to make marketing more efficient.Provinsi Sumatera Barat merupakan salah satu sentra bawang merah di luar Pulau Jawa. Fluktuasi harga akibat oversupply berdampak pada efisiensi distribusi komoditas dan stabilisasi harga baik di tingkat produsen hingga ke konsumen. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis saluran pemasaran bawang merah di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dan menganalisis efisiensi harga dalam saluran pemasaran menggunakan pendekatan transmisi harga. Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi lembaga pemasaran dan saluran pemasaran. Untuk menganalisis efisiensi harga digunakan model Error Correction Model - Engle Granger (ECM-EG). Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap 100 petani dan 80 orang lembaga pemasaran yang diperoleh dengan metode multistage dan snowball sampling. Data sekunder berupa harga bawang merah harian dari Januari 2019 hingga Desember 2024. Hasil analisis saluran pemasaran menunjukkan adanya enam saluran pemasaran bawang merah di tingkat dalam provinsi Sumatera Barat dan tiga saluran pemasaran dengan tujuan ke luar provinsi Sumatera Barat. Pada analisis transmisi harga dengan model ECM-EG menunjukkan dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang, transmisi harga bersifat asimetris kecuali hubungan grosir ke eceran dalam jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemasaran bawang merah di Provinsi Sumatera barat belum efisien secara harga. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan kelembagaan petani untuk meningkatkan daya tawar serta peran pemerintah dalam menyediakan sistem informasi pasar agar pemasaran menjadi lebih efisien
Does Microfinance Outreach Indonesian Micro and Small Enterprises?
Get PDFBackground: Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) played role in Indonesia’s economy. However, Indonesian MSEs still faced various challenges in obtaining external financing. Microfinance had emerged as a prominent tool for reducing the credit constraints experienced by MSEs. However, the literature on the effectiveness of microfinance in improving MSE performance still had empirical gaps in terms of mixed results.Purpose: This study examines the impact of microfinance on the asset growth of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Indonesia using data from the fifth wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS).Design/methodology/approach: The analysis encompassed a cross-sectional dataset of 6,363 MSEs across 16 business categories and employs Ordinary Least Squares regression to measure the effects of exogenous variations in microfinance access on total assets.Finding/Result: Regression analyses reveal that microfinance significantly increases MSEs’ total assets by 19%-25%, with smaller firms showing stronger effects. Alternative measures of microfinance, such as awareness of institutions and loan values, also demonstrate a positive impact on firm outcomes, whereas financing from informal institutions is associated with negative effects. Additional findings highlight the positive influence of microfinance on non-equipment assets, revenue, and expenses, although its effect on equipment assets is weaker. Robustness checks across subsamples confirm the results, indicating diminishing returns for larger firms than smaller firms.Conclusions: These findings underscore the critical role of microfinance in enhancing the growth and sustainability of MSEs, particularly smaller, vulnerable enterprises. This study emphasizes the need for tailored microfinance interventions and suggests further exploration of long-term impacts and integrated support mechanisms. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers to optimize microfinance programs, contributing to poverty alleviation and economic empowerment in Indonesia.Originality/value: The existing literature has not sufficiently examined how microfinance can alleviate these financial pressures and enhance MSE resilience and performance. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the impact of microfinance on the performance of MSEs in Indonesia, providing a comprehensive understanding of how improved access to microfinance can support MSEs in overcoming financial barriers and sustaining growth despite experiencing adverse shocks.
Keywords: microfinance, micro and small enterprise, asset growth, Indonesian family life surve
Customer Experience, E-Service Quality, and Loyality in Online Food Delivery: The Case of Mie Gacoan
Get PDFBackground: The increasing popularity of online food delivery (OFD) services has prompted many restaurants, including Mie Gacoan, to adopt these platforms. However, in practice, Mie Gacoan frequently encounters customer complaints regarding order discrepancies when placing orders through various OFD platforms.Purpose: This study aims to analyze the factors contributing to customer complaints by examining customer experience and customer satisfaction, particularly in minimizing order discrepancies in online food delivery services. By understanding these factors, Mie Gacoan can enhance customer loyalty while maintaining a positive brand image on the OFD platforms it utilizes.Design/methodology/approach: This study employs a non-probability voluntary sampling method, successfully gathering data from 173 qualified respondents to ensure validity. A descriptive analysis and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach are used to test the hypotheses, allowing for the evaluation of multiple relationships among the variables within the research model.Findings/Result: The findings indicate that customer experience and e-service quality significantly influence customer satisfaction, which in turn impacts customer loyalty. The study emphasizes that strengthening customer loyalty requires first enhancing customer satisfaction by improving problem-solving mechanisms within the customer experience and refining compensation policies in e-service quality.Conclusion: The results highlight that customer satisfaction plays a crucial mediating role in fostering customer loyalty, as customer experience and e-service quality exert a stronger influence on satisfaction than on loyalty.Originality/value (State of the art): This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical insights into the role of customer experience and e-service quality in shaping customer satisfaction and loyalty in the online food delivery sector. The findings offer practical recommendations for service providers to improve their operational strategies and enhance customer retention.
Keywords: customer experience, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, e-service quality, online food delivery
Efektivitas Teratai (Nelumbo nucifera G.) dengan Berbagai Media Tanam untuk Fitoremediasi Air Asam Tambang
No full textAcid mine drainage (AMD), characterized by high acidity and concentrations of heavy metals that can damage aquatic ecosystems, poses a serious environmental problem. This research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Nelumbo nucifera Geartn. grown using a Floating Wetland System (FTW), treated with topsoil or bokashi, in altering pH and reducing heavy metals in coal mine AMD. The experiment was conducted for 14 days in a sedimentation pond of post-mining land at PT Bukit Asam, Palembang, Indonesia. Two FWS units were installed on the pond’s surface: one was enriched with topsoil, while the other was with bokashi. Fifteen N. nucifera plants were grown in each floating reactor, with plants grown directly in the AMD without the FWS used as the control group. Plantgrowth, media pH, and heavy metal contents were monitored during and after treatment. The results indicate that the system was capable of increasing the initial highly acidic AMD pH (pH 2.8) to a range close to neutral (6.5–6.9). The concentrations of Fe and Mn metals were significantly reduced through the absorption mechanism of roots, stems, and leaves, with an efficiency of more than 90%. XRD analysis also revealed the formation of secondary mineral phases that support vegetative growth in both reactors. These findings confirm that the FWS installed with the bokashi ameliorant and N. nucifera has great potential as a sustainable solution for acid mine drainage remediation. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efisiensi teratai (Nelumbo nucifera G.) sebagai agen fitoremediasi untuk mengendalikan logam berat di air asam tambang (AMD). Eksperimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik lahan basah terapung dengan dua jenis media tanam, khususnya bokashi dan tanah lapisan atas. Parameter yang diukur terdiri dari perubahan pH dan total padatan tersuspensi (TSS) dalam air, pertumbuhan tanaman, dan konsentrasi logam berat di air dan tanaman. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa N. nucifera G. yang dibudidayakan di bokashi sebagai substrat dapat meningkatkan pH air secara nyata lebih dari di tanah lapisan atas, sementara tanaman yang tumbuh di tanah lapisan atas lebih unggul dalam penyerapan Mn. Efisiensi penyerapan Fe mencapai 80,10% ketika bokashi digunakan. Analisis XRD dari struktur mineral mengungkapkan adanya senyawa yang berbeda seperti etil vanilin dan silika dalam komponen tanaman, yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan fitoremediasi. Penelitian ini mendukung N. nucifera G. sebagai kandidat alternatif solusi fitoremediasi yang berkelanjutan dan ekonomis untuk mengatasi kontaminasi logam berat di AMD
Mitigasi Dampak Lingkungan Melalui Biofiltrasi Merkuri (Hg) dari Limbah Tambang Emas Menggunakan Parupuk (Phragmites karka): Pendekatan Fitoremediasi Berbasis Tanaman Lokal dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Tambang
No full textMercury pollution from gold mining wastewater remains a major environmental concern due to its persistence and toxicity, driving interest in sustainable, low cost phytoremediation using native wetland plants. This research examines the phytoremediation capacity of Phragmites karka (locally referred to as Parupuk) in mitigating mercury contamination, with a particular focus on mercury (Hg), from wastewater derived from abandoned gold mining sites. A quasi experimental approach was implemented with exposure periods of 0, 3, 6, and 9 days. Approximately 1.5 kg (8 clumps) of live biomass was placed into custom designed 100 L glass bioreactors equipped with continuous water circulation. Key water quality indicators including pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD),Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Hg concentrations were systematically evaluated. Results indicated an increase in pH from 5.8 to 6.0, a 23.17% reduction in BOD (8.9 mg/L), and an 16.67% decline in COD (20 mg/L). The residual Hg concentration reached 0.0044 mg/L, which is below the permissible limit of 0.005 mg/L set by the Indonesian Water Quality Standard (Regulation No. 5/2022). These outcomes demonstrate the dual role of Phragmites karka as both a biological remediator and a fibrous filtration medium for water quality enhancement. Although the system is capable of meeting regulatory thresholds, further research is needed to clarify how Hgsequestration works and to determine the significant and specific contributions to plant structural attributes. This work establishes a scientific basis for further studies aimed at optimizing and scaling phytoremediation technologies for sustainable application in post-mining environments.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai laju penurunan logam berat dalam air dari lokasi bekas tambang emas dengan menggunakan tanaman Parupuk (Phragmites karka). Penelitian ini termasuk dalam kategori studi kuasi-eksperimental, dengan variasi waktu perlakuan selama 3, 6, dan 9 hari. Penelitian menggunakan massa tanaman sebesar 1,5 kg dan dilakukan dalam wadah kaca khusus dengan kapasitas media 100 L per tangki, yang dilengkapi dengan pompa air. Analisis sampel mencakup pengukuran tingkat pH, pengujian COD dan BOD, serta penentuan konsentrasi logam berat menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (AAS) pada panjang gelombang 253,6 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keasaman (pH) sampel air, yang berfungsi sebagai media tumbuh bagi tanaman Parupuk, meningkat dari 6,2 menjadi 7,1. Permintaan Oksigen Biologis (BOD) menurun sebesar 1,3 mg/L atau 38,23%, sedangkan Permintaan Oksigen Kimiawi (COD) menurun sebesar 8 mg/L atau 8%. Konsentrasi merkuri (Hg) ditemukan berada di bawah ambang batas standar mutu air yang diperbolehkan, menunjukkan kepatuhan terhadap persyaratan keamanan lingkungan