Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Genetic Diversity and DNA Barcoding Construction of Tropical Soybean Advanced Lines Based on SSR Markers
No full textSoybean cultivation in tropical regions, such as Indonesia, is often constrained by photoperiod sensitivity, resulting in low yield. Using long juvenile traits in short photoperiod tropical areas resulted in lines with late flowering time and high yield. Genetic diversity analysis of soybean lines using molecular markers is a critical step for breeding high-yielding soybean lines. This study aimed to analyze genetic diversity and construct DNA barcodes for 44 tropical soybean superior lines based on 17 SSR markers. Genetic materials used were the high-yielding F5 soybean lines developed for their adaptation to short day-length of low latitude tropical regions. SSR markers used were those that distributed well across the soybean genome and proven their usefulness for soybean genetic diversity analyses. Results showed that the SSR demonstrated distinctive polymorphism among the 44 lines. A total of 377 alleles were detected with an average of 22.8 alleles per SSR locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values varied from 0.77 to 0.96 with an average of 0.90. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 44 soybean genotypes were divided into 2 main clusters. Five markers, i.e., satt009, satt646, satt147, satt431, and satt191, with a polymorphism information content value of ≥0.94, were found to be informative and suitable for DNA barcode construction. Each of the 44 lines was assigned with specific barcodes. The barcodes constructed from this study should be useful for DNA fingerprinting as well as protection purposes of the specific superior soybean lines analyzed in this study.
Keywords: DNA fingerprint, molecular markers, photoperiod, plant breeding, soybea
Characteristics of Wild Edible Mushroom Knowledge of Mushroom Foragers in Indonesia
No full textEdible wild mushrooms (EWM) are food sources which have high nutritional value. Although they are not the main choice of daily foods in Indonesia, various local communities and mushroom foragers have been consuming EWM for decades, yet without proper documentation. This study aimed to preserve the knowledge of EWM consumption to increase the popularity and public awareness of EWM as alternative food in Indonesia. Data was collected via a structural survey to 50 mushroom hobbyists with range of 18-50 years old and representing several ethnic groups in Indonesia: Javanese, Malay, Sundanese, Banten, and Bugis. Most of the respondents have consumed EWM for more than 5 years, with a frequency of consuming more than once per month, and the knowledge of foraging was obtained from their families. The edible mushrooms were collected mostly after every January and usually consumed by themselves. The location for mushroom seeking and species of EWM mostly were the forests around residence area and Termitomyces spp. (local names: ‘jamur barat’, ‘jamur bulan’, ‘jamur rayap’, ‘jamur trucuk’, ‘jamur sempagi’, respectively). The taste of mushroom was the main reason for forage activity among the hobbyists. They generally consumed all parts of basidiomata and preferred the soft texture of fruiting body. The soup dish was the most preferred by foragers, in contrast to fried cooking type. Most of them distinguish EWM from poisonous mushrooms by observing certain structures basidiomata, however, cases of wild mushroom poisoning have occurred among foragers with low occurrence of frequency.
Keywords: Indonesia; edible wild mushrooms; characteristics; mushroom forager
Potential and Challenges of Biofuels from Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) to Support Sustainable Fuel Transition in the Transportation Sector
No full textMobility is an integral part of daily life; however, the transportation sector significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, which trigger global warming. In the context of climate change, a global issue, the Paris Agreement and the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) policies of each country encourage the development of environmentally friendly, renewable energy. Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.), a tree found only in tropical forests, has the potential to be a source of biofuel from its non-timber products such as oil and resin. This study aims to analyze the challenges of developing biofuel from keruing for the transportation sector in Indonesia, using a mixed method enhanced by machine learning for data analysis. The results show that keruing oil has potential as a biofuel, but the main challenges lie in infrastructure, knowledge limitations, and processing techniques. Many keruing trees with oily wood are not industrially processed for their oil due to a lack of knowledge and a focus on wood utilization. The conclusion is that the potential for developing environmentally friendly renewable energy in Indonesia is significant, but improving the quality of human resources and capital is necessary to advance the science and technology.
Keywords: biofuel, Dipterocarpus spp., energy transition, SDGs, transportatio
Identifikasi bakteri enterik gram-negatif dan pola resistensi antimikroba pada burung psittacine yang dipelihara di Indonesia
No full textPsittacines are vulnerable to bacterial diseases, including gram-negative infections. A key challenge in treating these birds is antibiotic resistance, where antibiotics become ineffective against the bacteria. This study aimed to identify gram-negative bacteria present in 11 fecal samples of psittacine from Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII) in East Jakarta, as well as to determine the presence of antibiotic resistance in these bacteria. In this study, bacteria were isolated using MacConkey Agar media, followed by Gram staining and biochemical tests for bacterial identification. Antibiotic resistance testing was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer method against seven antibiotics. The results of bacterial identification showed the presence of Klebsiella sp., Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli in the fecal samples of Psittacine from TMII. Resistance to the antibiotics nalidixic acid, doxycycline, tetracycline, gentamicin, erythromycin, cefotaxime, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was observed, with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole demonstrating the lowest resistance rate among fecal Psittacine bacteria.Burung psittacine rentan terhadap penyakit bakteri, termasuk infeksi gram-negatif. Tantangan utama dalam pengobatan burung ini adalah resistensi antibiotik, di mana antibiotik menjadi tidak efektif terhadap bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri gram-negatif yang terdapat dalam 11 sampel feses psittacine dari Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII) di Jakarta Timur, serta untuk menentukan keberadaan resistensi antibiotik pada bakteri tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, bakteri diisolasi menggunakan media Mac-Conkey Agar, diikuti dengan pewarnaan Gram dan uji biokimia untuk identifikasi bakteri. Pengujian resistensi antibiotik dilakukan menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer terhadap tujuh antibiotik. Hasil identifikasi bakteri menunjukkan adanya Klebsiella sp., Proteus mirabilis, dan Escherichia coli dalam sampel feses psittacine dari TMII. Resistensi terhadap antibiotik asam nalidiksik, doksisiklin, tetrasiklin, gentamisin, eritromisin, sefotaxim, dan trimetoprim-sulfametoksazol diamati, dengan trimetoprim-sulfametoksazol menunjukkan tingkat resistensi terendah di antara bakteri Psittacine feses
Pengobatan otitis eksterna yang disebabkan oleh Malassezia spp. pada anjing lokal: pendekatan antijamur non-sistemik
No full textMalassezia spp. are part of the commensal microbiota on the skin and ears of dogs; however, under certain conditions, they can overgrow, triggering otitis externa. Systemic therapy is effective; however, its use is limited by its potential for resistance and hepatotoxic effects. This article reports a case of dextra otitis externa caused by Malassezia spp. in a 1.5-year-old male dog. On initial examination, the dog showed swelling of the right ear flap, scratching wounds, yellowish exudate, narrowing of the ear canal, as well as alopecia, erythema, and nodules on the ear flap and neck. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical examination and cytology, which revealed the presence of Malassezia spp. The treatment consisted of ear cleaning with a 3% chlorhexidine solution (topical, q12h for 14 days), bathing with a 2% miconazole nitrate-medicated shampoo, and additional therapy with antibiotics, prednisone, chlorpheniramine maleate, and supplements. Evaluation at the 7-day post-treatment follow-up showed a marked clinical improvement. At the 25-day post-treatment follow-up, the patient recovered without recurrence. This case report confirms that topical antifungal therapy with supportive therapy is effective for the treatment of Malassezia spp. in dogs.Malassezia spp. merupakan bagian dari mikrobiota komensal pada kulit dan telinga anjing; namun, dalam kondisi tertentu, bakteri ini dapat berkembang biak secara berlebihan, memicu otitis eksterna. Terapi sistemik efektif; namun, penggunaannya terbatas karena potensi resistensi dan efek hepatotoksik. Artikel ini melaporkan kasus otitis eksterna dekstra yang disebabkan oleh Malassezia spp. pada anjing jantan berusia 1,5 tahun. Pada pemeriksaan awal, anjing tersebut menunjukkan pembengkakan pada daun telinga kanan, luka garukan, eksudat kekuningan, penyempitan saluran telinga, serta alopesia, eritema, dan nodul pada daun telinga dan leher. Diagnosis dikonfirmasi melalui pemeriksaan klinis dan sitologi, yang mengungkapkan adanya Malassezia spp. Pengobatan terdiri dari pembersihan telinga dengan larutan klorheksidin 3% (topikal, setiap 12 jam selama 14 hari), mandi dengan sampo yang mengandung mikonazol nitrat 2%, dan terapi tambahan dengan antibiotik, prednison, klorfeniramin maleat, dan suplemen. Evaluasi pada pemeriksaan tindak lanjut 7 hari setelah pengobatan menunjukkan perbaikan klinis yang nyata. Pada pemeriksaan tindak lanjut 25 hari setelah pengobatan, pasien sembuh tanpa kekambuhan. Laporan kasus ini menegaskan bahwa terapi antijamur topikal dengan terapi suportif efektif untuk pengobatan Malassezia spp. pada anjing
Phase-dependent effects of purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina KDS) on estrous cycle modulation in virgin female rats
Get PDFPurwoceng (Pimpinella alpina KDS) merupakan tanaman obat tradisional yang telah banyak diteliti khasiat androgeniknya dalam penelitian reproduksi jantan. Namun, pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja reproduksi betina masih kurang dipahami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh purwoceng terhadap durasi setiap fase estrus dan keseluruhan siklus estrus pada tikus betina. Empat puluh delapan tikus Sprague-Dawley betina perawan dibagi menjadi empat kelompok berdasarkan fase estrus mereka pada awal perlakuan: proestrus, oestrus, metestrus, dan diestrus. Setiap kelompok terdiri dari enam ekor kontrol dan enam ekor tikus yang diberi Purwoceng. Ekstrak diberikan secara intragastrik selama sepuluh hari berturut-turut, sementara evaluasi apusan vagina dilanjutkan hingga hari ke-15 untuk memantau siklus estrus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian purwoceng selama dua siklus estrus umumnya memperpanjang fase proestrus dan estrus, dengan perpanjangan fase estrus yang signifikan secara statistik diamati ketika perlakuan diberikan selama estrus (P < 0,05). Sebaliknya, durasi fase metestrus dan diestrus berkurang, kecuali ketika Purwoceng diberikan selama metestrus, yang mengakibatkan peningkatan durasi metestrus. Kesimpulannya, purwoceng menunjukkan efek modulasi terbesar ketika diberikan selama fase estrus, menunjukkan responsivitas siklus reproduksi betina yang bergantung pada fase terhadap ekstrak herbal ini.Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina KDS) is a traditional medicinal herb that has been widely studied for its androgenic properties in male reproductive research. However, their effects on female reproductive performance remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the influence of purwoceng on the duration of each estrous phase and the overall estrous cycle in female rats. Forty-eight virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into four groups according to their estrous phase at the start of treatment: proestrus, oestrus, metestrus, and diestrus. Each group consisted of six control and six Purwoceng-treated animals. The extract was administered intragastrically for ten consecutive days, while vaginal smear evaluations continued until day 15 to monitor estrous cyclicity. The results demonstrated that purwoceng administration during the two estrous cycles generally prolonged the proestrus and oestrus phases, with a statistically significant extension of the oestrus phase observed when treatment was provided during oestrus (P < 0.05). Conversely, the durations of the metestrus and diestrus phases were reduced, except when Purwoceng was administered during metestrus, which resulted in an increased metestrus duration. In conclusion, purwoceng exhibited the greatest modulatory effect when administered during the oestrus phase, suggesting a phase-dependent responsiveness of the female reproductive cycle to this herbal extract
The Interplay of Mindfulness, Impulsive Buying, and Perceived Risk in Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) Usage among Mature Generations in Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Concerns are being raised about the effects of the growing use of Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) in Indonesia on financial well-being and consumer behavior, particularly among Millennials and Gen X.
Purpose: This study aims to examine the relationship between BNPL usage and financial well-being, considering the role of mindfulness and the tendency for impulsive buying. It further explored the role of Perceived Risk as a moderator in the relationship between mindfulness and BNPL usage.
Method: This study employed a quantitative, scientific method using numerical data and analyzed using statistical methods. The sampling method used was purposive, specifically targeting BNPL users from the Gen X and Millennial demographics in Indonesia. Data collection using a questionnaire yielded 327 respondents.
Findings: Mindfulness was positively correlated with BNPL usage, reducing the tendency for impulsive buying. Conversely, the tendency to make impulsive purchases increased BNPL usage. Perceived Risk further moderated the relationship between mindfulness and planned BNPL usage.
Conclusions: Mindful adult users were more inclined to avoid impulsive buying and instead used BNPL for more necessary expenses, indicating a nuanced relationship between psychological traits and financial behavior.
Research implication: These results helped policymakers develop initiatives to enhance financial education and reduce the risks associated with BNPL adoption
Harnessing Heritage: The Impact of Local Wisdom-Based Marketing on Social Enterprise Performance in Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: To advance economic development and societal well-being, it is essential to conduct comprehensive research analyzing the social entrepreneurship’s effect on the performance of economic and social aspects, together with the principal factors influencing these outcomes.
Purpose: This study seeks to improve the efficacy of social entrepreneurship by highlighting its contribution to economic and social progress. The study employs a marketing management approach that incorporates aspects of local wisdom, rooted in Indonesian society\u27s religious and cultural values.
Method: This study involved 350 social entrepreneurs from 20 provinces in Indonesia. The study employs a quantitative method approach, utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
Findings: Both religiosity-based entrepreneurial marketing (REM) and the entrepreneurial marketing mix (EMM) substantially affect social enterprise performance (SEP). EMM shows a positive, substantial correlation with SEP, whereas REM shows a negative, statistically significant effect. Moreover, REM does not substantially influence the link between market orientation and SEP. Likewise, market orientation (MO) exhibits no substantial direct impact on the social enterprise performance.
Conclusions: This research finds that EMM has a favorable and significant influence on SEP, while MO does not significantly affect social enterprise performance. Instead of mediating, REM shows a large yet negative impact. These results highlight the complexity of integrating REM with MO strategies in SEP.
Research implication: This research provides valuable insights for social entrepreneurs, governments, and academics on the strategic integration of local wisdom heritage in marketing to accelerate SEP in Indonesia
Evaluation of Agronomic Performance and Genetic Diversity in Indonesian Pigmented Rice Using SCoT (Start Codon Targeted) Markers
Get PDFIndonesia is rich in biodiversity, including rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important and widely cultivated crops. However, the utilization of local Indonesian rice germplasm in breeding programs remains limited due to the lack of reliable characterization data. Therefore, it’s essential to establish a reliable method to ensure variety protection by breeders. In addition, understanding the relationship between morphological traits and genetic diversity is crucial for a targeted breeding study aimed at evaluating genetic diversity among 12 local rice genotypes from Indonesia through agronomic traits and molecular analysis using start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. Statistical analyses, including cluster and diversity indices, were applied to interpret the data. Characterization was conducted based on the descriptors from The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and Bioversity International, while molecular analysis employed 23 selected SCoT primers. The effectiveness of the markers was assessed through polymorphism percentage, PIC values, and cluster analysis. A polymorphism level of 69% was observed, with PIC values ranging from 0.3610 to 0.4646, suggesting that the SCoT markers used provided adequate informativeness for diversity analysis. The study revealed high genetic variability, with heritable traits and informative SCoT markers, demonstrating their potential for pre-breeding and diversity analysis.
Sleep Quality and Its Dimensions in Indonesian Shift and Non-Shift Workers
Get PDFSleep quality is crucial in maintaining overall well-being, but is often disrupted by irregular working hours. Shift work, as an example of irregular working hours, has been linked to disrupted sleep due to circadian desynchronization. Previous studies worldwide on the difference in sleep quality between shift and non-shift workers have remained inconsistent, likely due to variations in work environments, behavioral and sociodemographic factors, and sample sizes. The objective of this study was to evaluate variations in sleep quality between shift and non-shift workers and to explore the underlying factors associated with sleep disruption in both groups. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 218 workers (99 shift workers and 119 non-shift workers). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was applied to assess sleep quality, followed by statistical analyses to compare overall and individual component scores between groups. No significant difference was found in global PSQI scores between shift (8.75±3.01) and non-shift workers (8.22±2.8). However, when we evaluated sleep components between the two groups, shift workers showed significantly poorer subjective sleep quality (p = 0.0375) and lower sleep efficiency (p = 0.04471). Further analysis revealed significant associations between PSQI scores, shift frequency, and the number of diseases. Higher shift frequency and a greater number of diseases were associated with increased PSQI scores, indicating poorer sleep quality. These findings suggest that while overall sleep quality may not differ substantially by work schedule, specific components and individual factors, such as health status and workload frequency, contribute to variations in sleep quality