Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Evaluating Foot and Mouth Disease Vaccination Services through Assessment of Beef Cattle Farmers’ Satisfaction in Sleman Regency
Get PDFThe study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction of beef cattle farmers towards Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccination services in Sleman Regency. A survey method was employed, involving 120 farmers who participated in the FMD vaccination program. Beef cattle farmers’ satisfaction levels were assessed using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method, which revealed that 82.25% of farmers were highly satisfied with various indicators of the vaccination services. To identify areas for improvement, the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was utilized. The IPA highlighted several attributes as top priorities for performance enhancement, including: The priority indicators for performance improvement include service procedures that are easy to understand, vaccination officers not discriminating based on farm location, the handling skills of the officers, and the application of biosecurity measures according to procedures. Beef cattle farmers’ perceptions of the benefits of the vaccination program were 83.8%, indicating a rating of ‘very good’. These insights offer a foundation for policymakers to optimize FMD vaccination services, increase beef cattle farmers’ satisfaction, and promote livestock health
Confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture results with Ziehl-Neelsen staining and MPT64 antigen test
Get PDFBackground Culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using egg-based solid media like Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) is the gold standard for tuberculosis diagnosis but requires extended incubation time. Rapid diagnostic tests, such as Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and the MPT64 antigen rapid test, are essential for early detection.
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ZN staining and the MPT64 rapid test in detecting MTB and Mycobacterium other than tuberculosis (MOTT) during different culture times.
Methods Using a cross-sectional design, 110 culture-positive samples were analyzed from Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung over two months. Specimens were cultured on LJ media for eight weeks, with weekly observation of colony growth. ZN staining and MPT64 tests were performed on growing colonies.
Results Less than four weeks culture, 61 samples (55.5%) were culture-negative, 45 (40.9%) were positive for MOTT, and the remainder were contaminated. In more than four weeks culture, 48 samples (43.6%) were positive for MTB, 45 samples (40.9%) were positive for MOTT, and 13 (11.8%) were culture-negative, and the remaining were contaminated. ZN-positive and MPT64-negative results indicated MOTT in less than four weeks culture, while ZN-positive and MPT64-positive results indicated MTB in more than four weeks culture.
Conclusion While ZN staining was positive for both MTB and MOTT colonies, the MPT64 rapid antigen test was specific for MTB, supporting its use in confirming MTB detection alongside culture methods
Challenges and opportunities for workforce skills in halal agri-food sector to meet global market demands through Halalink application
Get PDFIndonesia is the largest Muslim-majority country in the world and holds significant potential in halal food farming sector. The growing global demand for halal products offers vast opportunities to expand agricultural exports and meet the needs of both domestic and international markets. However, challenges such as a lack of skilled human resources, limited awareness of halal certification processes, and technological barriers, particularly among micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), hinder the industry growth. Therefore, this study aimed to develop "Halalink," an innovative mobile application designed to address challenges by promoting halal education, collaboration, and compliance with standards. Halalink has three features including (i) Halalearns, with educational content about halal standards, (ii) Halalabs for collaboration among stakeholders, and (iii) Halalassists, which offers continuous guidance to ensure compliance with halal regulations. In conclusion, Halalink is a sustainable solution to enhance public awareness, simplify halal certification process, as well as build a competitive and ethical halal agri-food sector in Indonesia
Strengthening Indonesia\u27s Nickel Downstream Industry through Green Energy-Based Smelter Technology
Get PDFIndonesia holds the world\u27s largest nickel reserves, estimated at 55 million tons in 2024, making it a key player in the global nickel industry. The government has enacted downstream policies, such as a ban on raw ore exports and mandated domestic processing through Ministerial Decree of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) No. 17 of 2020, to maximize its potential. These policies have accelerated the development of green energy-based smelters, which aim to enhance value addition while reducing environmental impacts like carbon emissions and hazardous waste. This study explores the current conditions and future prospects of developing nickel smelters in Indonesia, focusing on the policies in place, their economic impacts, and the role of green technologies in supporting smelter development initiatives. It highlights the economic, environmental, and social benefits of green technologies in Indonesia\u27s nickel downstream industry. Innovations such as nanotechnology, Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP), bioleaching, and High-Pressure Acid Leach (HPAL) show significant potential by reducing emissions, waste, and energy consumption. PT Vale Indonesia, a leading player in the industry, exemplifies this transformation through initiatives like fuel shifting, renewable energy utilization, electrification of equipment, and energy efficiency measures. Despite challenges like high costs, infrastructure limitations, and waste management issues, green smelters substantially contribute to job creation, competitiveness, and environmental preservation. Continued policy support and cross-sector collaboration are crucial. However, it\u27s the investment in research that holds the key to overcoming these barriers and positioning Indonesia as a global leader in sustainable nickel productionIndonesia holds the world\u27s largest nickel reserves, estimated at 55 million tons in 2024, making it a key player in the global nickel industry. The government has enacted downstream policies, such as a ban on raw ore exports and mandated domestic processing through Ministerial Decree of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) No. 17 of 2020, to maximize its potential. These policies have accelerated the development of green energy-based smelters, which aim to enhance value addition while reducing environmental impacts like carbon emissions and hazardous waste. This study explores the current conditions and future prospects of developing nickel smelters in Indonesia, focusing on the policies in place, their economic impacts, and the role of green technologies in supporting smelter development initiatives. It highlights the economic, environmental, and social benefits of green technologies in Indonesia\u27s nickel downstream industry. Innovations such as nanotechnology, Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP), bioleaching, and High-Pressure Acid Leach (HPAL) show significant potential by reducing emissions, waste, and energy consumption. PT Vale Indonesia, a leading player in the industry, exemplifies this transformation through initiatives like fuel shifting, renewable energy utilization, electrification of equipment, and energy efficiency measures. Despite challenges like high costs, infrastructure limitations, and waste management issues, green smelters substantially contribute to job creation, competitiveness, and environmental preservation. Continued policy support and cross-sector collaboration are crucial. However, it\u27s the investment in research that holds the key to overcoming these barriers and positioning Indonesia as a global leader in sustainable nickel productio
Characterization and Enzymatic Assay of Cellulase-Producing Probiotic Bacteria Isolated from Traditional Fermented Bamboo of Bangladesh
Get PDFFermented bamboo (also known as Ngwopo) is a traditional food item among the indigenous population living in the south-east of Bangladesh. Though fermented foods harbour a significant number of probiotics and enzyme-producing bacteria, there is a lack of research on isolating beneficial bacteria from native fermented food products in Bangladesh. Thus, considering the extensive utilisation of cellulase enzymes and probiotics, our study was conducted with the objective of isolating and characterizing native cellulase-producing bacteria from fermented bamboo and performing crude enzyme activity assay. The sample was collected from Khagrachari hill tracts district of Bangladesh. Three isolated bacteria, namely FB-1, FB-2, and FB-3, screened based on the carboxymethyl cellulose medium, were tested for biochemical and probiotic properties, and the best isolate was genetically identified by molecular characterization through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and evolutionary analysis. All three gram-positive isolates were observed to be positive for starch hydrolysis and fermentation of sucrose, suggesting their ability to breakdown carbohydrates while testing negative for gelatinase, indole, and H2S test. The isolates demonstrated moderate bile salt and pH tolerance and low to medium autoaggregation. FB-2 had 75% susceptibility to the tested antibiotics, while other isolates were susceptible to 50% antibiotics. All of the bacteria were non-pathogenic, showing γ-haemolysis. FB-2 strain showed an enzyme production capacity of 1.56 units/ml. The best performing isolate was identified as Bacillus cereus. Therefore, the study discovered a native bacteria potentially suitable as probiotic and as a source of cellulase for industrial processes, highlighting the enriched indigenous cuisines of Bangladesh
The pipB Gene as Target for Development of Detection Method of Pathogenic Bacteria Salmonella typhi Using Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Get PDFSalmonella typhi is a bacteria that leads to typhoid fever and one of the causes of death due to bacteria infections. In Indonesia, typhoid fever occurs around 1,100 cases per 100,000 population per year, with a mortality rate of 3.1-10.4%. It\u27s necessary to develop a rapid and accurate detection of Salmonella typhi. The pipB gene of Salmonella typhi has the function of being an autophagia inhibitor in humans. This study aims to develop a detection kit for Salmonella typhi pathogenic bacteria targeting the pipB gene using a pipB primer in confirmation, specificity, and sensitivity tests. The results showed that pipB primer can amplify Salmonella typhi DNA fragment of 196 bp at the optimum annealing temperatures between 54-62°C. Confirmation test with real-time PCR found that the pipB primer pair (pipB-F and pipB-R) amplified at cycle 12.93 and 13.10 (Duplo) with a Tm value of 84.05°C and 84.20°C (Duplo). Based on the difference and average value produced in the confirmation and specificity test, pipB primer has amplified Salmonella typhi DNA at Ct 12.47±0.6 with a Tm value of 83.62°C±0.6. The pipB primer pair (pipB-F and pipB-R) could distinguish target from non-target bacteria based on their cycle threshold (Ct) and melting temperature (Tm) values. The primer design of pipB primer pair (pipB-F and pipB-R) successfully detected Salmonella typhi bacteria with the smallest concentration of 55.78 × 102 CFU equivalent to 3.2 pg/µL. Based on the results, Salmonella typhi pipB primer successfully detected Salmonella typhi bacteria DNA rapidly, specifically, and sensitively using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method
Mutu fisikokimia dan mikrobiologi rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) hasil tangkapan di Kabupaten Rembang, Jawa Tengah: Physicochemical and microbiological quality of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) caught in Rembang District, Central Java
No full textRajungan (Portunus pelagicus) merupakan komoditas perikanan yang menjadi andalan ekspor Indonesia, umumnya dalam bentuk daging rebus kupas beku dan bersifat mudah rusak. Tingginya potensi penangkapan dan pemanfaatan daging rajungan, maka tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan mutu fisikokimia dan mikrobiologi rajungan hasil tangkapan di Kabupaten Rembang, Jawa Tengah. Sampel yang digunakan adalah rajungan segar beku, rebus beku, dan daging rebus yang dikupas oleh rumah tangga nelayan dan miniplants. Analisis yang dilakukan, yaitu yield, kadar protein, profil asam amino, TVB-N, cemaran mikrob, dan logam berat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan yield 28,36-42,34%, kadar protein 17,98±0,64 dan 21,24±1,47% (bb), jumlah lisina 1,79-1,87%, asam glutamat 4,05-4,78% (b/b), hardness 22,145-38,096 N, dan cohesiveness 0,476-0,638. Nilai TVB-N rajungan (segar dan rebus) dan daging rajungan antara 9,51±1,67-54,68±0,00 mg N/100 g sampel. Daging rajungan tidak ditemukan Salmonella (negatif), Escherichia coli < 0,3 APM/100 g sampel, dan ALT 6,15×108 CFU/g sampel. Cemaran logam berat daging rajungan, yaitu Pb 0,12±0,09 mg/kg sampel, Cd 0,15±0,12 mg/kg sampel, dan Hg 1,48±0,71 mg/kg sampel. Rajungan hasil tangkapan di Kabupaten Rembang memiliki kualitas yang baik. Logam berat Hg yang ditemukan pada daging rajungan kupas di miniplants berada di atas ambang batas yang diizinkan, masih harus memerlukan pengujian lebih lanjut.Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is a fishery commodity that is the mainstay of Indonesian exports. Generally, exporters export crab as frozen, peeled, boiled meat, which is perishable. Considering the high potential of crab catching and the utilization of crab meat as an export commodity, it is necessary to research to determine the physicochemical and microbiological quality of crab caught in Rembang Regency, Central Java. The samples used were frozen fresh crab, frozen boiled, and peeled boiled meat by fishing households and miniplants. The analyses performed were yield, protein content, amino acid profile, TVB-N, microbial contamination, and heavy metals. The results showed a yield of 28.36-42.34%, protein content of 17.98±0.64 and 21.24±1.47% (b/w), total lysine 1.79-1.87%, glutamic acid 4.05-4.78% (b/w), hardness 22.145-38.096 N, and cohesiveness 0.476-0.638. TVB-N values of crab (fresh and boiled) and crab meat ranged from 9.51±1.67 to 54.68±0.00 mg N/100 g sample. There was no Salmonella (negative), Escherichia coli <0.3 APM/100 g sample, and ALT 6.15×108 CFU/g sample. Heavy metal contamination of crab meat was Pb 0.12±0.09 mg/kg sample, Cd 0.15±0.12 mg/kg sample, and Hg 1.48±0.71 mg/kg sample. Captured blue swimming crab in Rembang Regency has good quality. The heavy metal Hg found in peeled crab meat in miniplants was above the permissible threshold, requiring further testing
VALIDATING THE INTERPERSONAL MINDFULNESS IN PARENTING (IM-P) SCALE FOR PARENTS IN INDONESIA: Validasi Alat Ukur Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting (IM-P) pada Orang Tua di Indonesia
No full textThe concept of mindful parenting, derived from the broader framework of mindfulness, has gained increasing recognition in Indonesian parenting practices over recent years. However, the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting (IM-P) instrument, which possesses strong psychometric properties, has not yet been available in Bahasa. The purpose of this study is to adapt the IM-P instrument into a valid and reliable Indonesian version. The IM-P was translated and adapted into Indonesian, involving a sample of 735 parents (M = 36.63; SD = 7.354) with children aged 3 to 17 years. Using a random sampling procedure, the first sample (n = 367) was used for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), while the second sample (n = 368) was used for Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The study revealed that the Indonesian version of the IM-P consists of 20 items and 4 dimensions: Emotional Awareness of Self and Child, Self-Regulation in Parenting, Non-judgmental and Compassion for Child, and Non-judgmental and Compassion for Self. Overall, the IM-P Indonesia demonstrated good reliability. Additionally, the IM-P Indonesia showed a significant negative correlation with parenting stress, except for the dimension of Non-judgmental and Compassion for Self. These findings suggest that the IM-P is a valid and reliable measure for use within the Indonesian population
Application of eDNA Technology to Assess Phytoplankton Diversity in the Ciliwung Downstream Area, Jakarta, Indonesia
Get PDFRivers have the potential for enormous flows of water, nutrients, and food that can create habitats for various living creatures. However, the flow of pollutants into estuaries and coastal areas can degrade environmental conditions in downstream areas of the river. Numerous studies have highlighted the loss of aquatic species due to increased stressors and pollutants in heavily contaminated rivers. This manuscript aims to analyze the phytoplankton diversity in three stations (natural riparian, concreted riparian, and estuary) of the Ciliwung River in Jakarta. Using environmental DNA (eDNA), we identified and compared the number of phytoplankton families and read sequences with various water quality parameters. The results showed that each station consists of 16, 13, and 20 families with 11,257; 75,963; and 37,339 read sequences, respectively. The study showed that phytoplankton family diversity in Stations 1 and 2 correlates with water pollution levels (lightly to extremely polluted). In contrast, Station 3 exhibited an unusual pattern, with high family diversity despite declining water quality
KARAKTER BIOMETRIK DAN FISIOLOGIS BENIH IKAN SIDAT (Anguilla sp.) DI MUARA SELATAN SUKABUMI, JAWA BARAT: KARAKTER BIOMETRIK DAN FISIOLOGIS BENIH IKAN SIDAT (Anguilla sp.) DI MUARA SELATAN SUKABUMI, JAWA BARAT
Get PDFTeluk Palabuhan Ratu merupakan tempat bertemunya beberapa muara sungai, antara lain Sungai Cimandiri, Sungai Ciletuh, Sungai Cikaso, dan Sungai Cibuni, yang merupakan jalur masuknya glass eel atau benih ikan sidat (Anguilla spp.) dari perairan laut ke muara-muara tersebut. Sungai yang berbeda memiliki kondisi kualitas air yang berbeda. Kondisi kualitas air yang berbeda ini akan menyebabkan adanya perbedaan kualitas dan kuantitas benih ikan sidat yang masuk ke muara tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan lokasi yang memiliki benih unggul dan benih yang mutunya rendah berdasarkan karakteristik biometrik dan tingkat stres benih sidat di beberapa muara di selatan Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Informasi yang diperoleh akan dijadikan dasar dalam menetapkan lokasi yang memiliki potensi benih sidat unggul dan menetapkan lokasi yang perlu dikonservasi dan rehabilitasi. Penelitian dilakukan di empat lokasi yaitu Muara Sungai Cimandiri, Ciletuh, Cibuni, dan Cikaso, dari bulan Desember 2021-Januari 2022 waktu tersebut merupakan waktu puncak ruaya benih sidat. Parameter yang diamati meliputi fisika dan kimia air, biometrik, dan glukosa darah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap lokasi memiliki nilai parameter fisika dan kimia air yang berbeda-beda, akan tetapi memiliki tingkat stres yang relatif sama. Nilai biometrik benih ikan sidat terbaik terdapat pada benih sidat yang berasal dari Muara Sungai Cimandiri, sedangkan benih yang mutunya rendah adalah benih yang ditangkap di Muara Sungai Cibuni. Oleh sebab itu, sidat yang cocok untuk kegiatan budidaya berasal dari Muara Sungai Cimandiri, sedangkan lokasi sidat yang perlu di konservasi adalan Muara Sungai Cibuni.Palabuhanratu Bay is the terminating flow for some rivers, i.e. the Cimandiri River, Ciletuh River, Cikaso River, and Cibuni River, where the estuary is the entry route for glass eels (Anguilla spp.) or fish seeds from sea waters to these estuaries. Different rivers have different water quality conditions that may imply differences in the quality and quantity of eels entering the estuary. This research aims to determine locations with superior seeds, and seeds with low quality based on studying biometric characteristics and stress levels of eel seeds in several estuaries in the south of Sukabumi, West Java. The information gathered is subject to determining the highly recommended use of glass eels as seeds in eel aquaculture, as well as determining the area where habitat rehabilitation and conservation. The research was carried out in four locations, namely the Cimandiri, Ciletuh, Cibuni, and Cikaso River Estuaries, from December 2021 to January 2022, the peak time for eel seed migration. The parameters observed include water physics and chemistry, biometrics, and blood glucose. The research results show that each location has different physical and chemical water parameter values but has relatively the same stress level. The best biometric value of eel fish seeds was found in eel seeds originating from the Cimandiri River, while the lowest one was at the mouth of the Cibuni River. Therefore, eels that are suitable for cultivation activities come from the Cimandiri River Estuary, while the eel location that needs conservation is the Cibuni River Estuary