Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Blood cholesterol and glucose levels of sheep after being given feed supplemented with Pluchea indica leaf flour
Get PDFDomba merupakan salah satu jenis ternak yang umum dikonsumsi oleh penduduk. Daging domba mengandung kolesterol yang tinggi sehingga dapat menyebabkan hiperkolesterolemia pada individu yang mengonsumsinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dampak pemberian Pluchea indica terhadap kadar kolesterol dan glukosa darah pada domba. Sebanyak 15 ekor domba dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan yang berbeda. Kelompok-kelompok tersebut dikategorikan menurut konsentrasi tepung P. indica dalam konsentrat, yaitu 0%, 2%, 4%, dan 8%. Hewan-hewan tersebut menjalani terapi makan selama 35 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung P. indica 4% dalam konsentrat menghasilkan penurunan kadar kolesterol darah pada domba yang signifikan (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar glukosa yang signifikan antar kelompok (p>0,05). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penambahan tepung P. indica 4% ke dalam konsentrat merupakan formulasi yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah.Sheep are a type of livestock commonly consumed by the population. Lamb meat is high in cholesterol, which leads to hypercholesterolemia in individuals who consume it. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of Pluchea indica administration on cholesterol and blood glucose levels in sheep. A total of 15 sheep were divided into 4 different treatment groups. The groups were categorized according to the concentration of P. indica flour in the concentrate, specifically 0%, 2%, 4%, and 8%. The animals underwent 35-day meal therapy. The findings indicated that the inclusion of 4% P. indica flour in the concentrate resulted in a significant reduction in blood cholesterol levels in sheep (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in glucose levels between the groups (p> 0.05). The study concluded that the addition of 4% P. indica flour to the concentrate is the most effective formulation for reducing blood cholesterol levels
Management of chronic kidney disease in a young adult-aged male domestic cat
Get PDFPenyakit Ginjal Kronis (CKD) adalah suatu kondisi yang tidak dapat disembuhkan yang mengakibatkan penurunan fungsi ginjal secara terus-menerus. Penurunan ini menghambat kemampuan tubuh untuk mengatur metabolisme, cairan, dan elektrolit. Tulisan ini melaporkan kasus seekor kucing domestik jantan muda berusia dewasa bernama Kuning yang dibawa ke klinik dengan gejala berat antara lain hematemesis, anoreksia, dan dehidrasi, serta mendapat terapi cairan intravena melalui kateter 24G. Pada hari ketiga rawat inap, ultrasonografi menunjukkan kelainan ginjal yang signifikan, termasuk permukaan kortikal yang tidak teratur, batas kortiko-meduler yang tidak jelas, area hiperekoik fokal di korteks, dan tanda cincin meduler. Kandung kemih tampak utuh dengan lumen anechoic. Ultrasonografi hati menunjukkan tepi tumpul pada lobus kanan dan kiri serta perubahan difus hyperechoic fokal pada parenkim, menunjukkan keterlibatan hati. Setelah mendapat perawatan intensif, kondisi Kuning membaik. Pemeriksaan hematologi rutin pada hari ke 9 dan 16-23 menunjukkan tren positif, dengan peningkatan jumlah trombosit dan peningkatan kadar leukosit. Fungsi hati membaik dibandingkan penilaian awal namun masih berada di luar kisaran normal. Berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan klinis, dan temuan diagnostik, Kuning didiagnosis menderita CKD. Setelah 27 hari dirawat di rumah sakit intensif, Kuning menunjukkan pemulihan yang stabil, menyoroti pentingnya diagnosis dini dan manajemen komprehensif dalam kasus CKD.Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an irreversible condition resulting in steady renal function deterioration. This decline impedes the ability of the body to regulate metabolism, fluids, and electrolytes. This paper reports the case of a young adult-aged male domestic cat, named Kuning, who was brought to the clinic with severe symptoms, including hematemesis, anorexia, and dehydration, and received intravenous fluid therapy via a 24G catheter. On the third day of hospitalization, ultrasonography revealed significant kidney abnormalities, including irregular cortical surfaces, indistinct cortico-medullary boundaries, focal hyperechoic areas in the cortex, and medullary ring sign. The urinary bladder appeared intact with an anechoic lumen. Liver ultrasonography revealed blunted edges in the right and left lobes and focal hyperechoic diffuse changes in the parenchyma, suggesting hepatic involvement. Following intensive treatment, Kuning\u27s condition improved. Routine hematological tests on days 9 and 16-23 showed positive trends, with increased platelet counts and elevated leukocyte levels. Liver function improved compared to the initial assessments but remained outside the normal range. Based on anamnesis, clinical examination, and diagnostic findings, Kuning was diagnosed with CKD. After 27 days of intensive hospitalization, Kuning exhibited steady recovery, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and comprehensive management in CKD cases
Evaluation of Selected Intestinal Damage Biomarkers for the Determination of Intestinal Epithelial Damage in Neonatal Lambs with Diarrhea
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate selected intestinal damage biomarkers for the determination of intestinal mucosal epithelial barrier damage in neonatal lambs with diarrhea. The study material consisted of 68 lambs with diarrhea (experimental group, 39 Escherichia coli infected lambs and 29 Cryptosporidium infected lambs) and 20 healthy lambs (control group) aged between 2 and 20 days. The diseases were diagnosed on the basis of a positive fecal antigen test for E. coli K 99, Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia species in fecal samples obtained from lambs with diarrhea and clinical signs. In addition, Cryptosporidium oocysts were confirmed by light microscopic examination. Anticoagulated blood samples for hemogram measurements and non-anticoagulated blood samples for biomarker measurements were collected from all the lambs. Serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), trefoil factor-3 (TFF-3), intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), and claudin-3 (CLDN-3) biomarkers were measured using sheep specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kits. Standard diarrhea treatment was applied to lambs with diarrhea. While 57 lambs recovered, 11 died. There was a significant increase in serum I-FABP, TFF-3, and IAP concentrations (p<0.001) and a decrease in serum CLDN-3 concentrations (p<0.001) in lambs with diarrhea compared to healthy lambs. Total white blood cell (WBC), granulocyte (GRA), and monocyte (MON) counts increased in lambs with diarrhea compared to healthy lambs (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that I-FABP, TFF-3, IAP, and CLDN-3 were useful and reliable biomarkers to determine the presence and extent of intestinal mucosal epithelial damage in lambs with diarrhea
Elephant Grass Silage with Pelleted Citrus Pulp: Chemical Composition, Digestibility, and Feedlot Costs
Get PDFThis study aimed to assess the effects of including pelleted citrus pulp (PCP) in BRS Capiaçu elephant grass silage on its chemical composition and digestibility and the production costs of feedlot diets for beef cattle. A completely randomized experimental design in a 2×5 factorial scheme was used considering 90- and 120-day harvesting intervals for ensiling and five inclusion levels of PCP (0%, 3%, 6%, 12%, or 24% as fed). The dry matter (DM) content of the silages increased with regrowth interval (p<0.01) and there was a quadratic response to the inclusion level of PCP (p<0.01). Total digestible nutrients of the silages decreased with increasing Capiaçu regrowth interval (p<0.01) but increased linearly with increasing inclusion levels of PCP during ensiling (p<0.01). The in vitro DM digestibility of silage increased linearly with the inclusion of PCP (p<0.01) and with increasing regrowth interval (p<0.01). The inclusion of PCP and grass regrowth interval linearly increased DM recovery from silage (p<0.01). Adding up to 24% PCP during the ensiling of Capiaçu improves the fermentation profile and nutritional value of the silage and digestibility parameters. Based on economic analysis, we recommend the use of silage prepared from Capiaçu harvested at 120 days and containing 6% to 12% PCP because of its lower cost per unit of gain ($/arroba produced), cost per animal, and total feedlot costs compared to the other treatments
FOAMTASTIC: FOAM PEMBERSIH SEPATU INSTAN TANPA BILAS BERBASIS LIMBAH SABUT KELAPA DAN KULIT JERUK SUNKIST SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MENGURANGI LIMBAH: Foamtastic: Instant Rinseless Shoe Cleaning Foam Based on Coconut Fiber and Orange Peel Waste as an Alternative to Reduce Waste
Get PDFBusy activities and high rainfall can quickly get shoes dirty, so an instant and rinse-free shoe cleaner is needed. This instant shoe-cleaning innovation without rinsing can utilize sunkist coconut fiber and orange peel waste, which are abundant. The coconut husk waste is processed into ash, and its potassium content is extracted as a polish and alkaline source. The sunkist orange peel undergoes citric acid extraction using the maceration method, which can potentially be an antibacterial agent. Five formulations of foamtastic are made with various compositions. Each formulation is tested for cleaning power against various stains, antibacterial properties, foam height, and stability. Formulation 4 is the best formulation based on optimal cleaning power, antibacterial properties, foam stability, and safe and effective pH for use as a cleaning product.
Keywords: Formulation, Sunkist orange peel, shoe cleaner, coconut fibe
Revitalisasi Kelembagaan menuju Transformasi Sistem Perbenihan Padi yang Berkelanjutan
Get PDFPenggunaan benih padi berkualitas mendorong peningkatan produktivitas padi dan stabilitas pangan sehinggadapat mewujudkan ketahanan pangan nasional. Meskipun demikian, sistem perbenihan padi di Indonesiamasih menghadapi tantangan serius termasuk subsistem kelembagaan. Oleh karena itu penting dilakukanrevitalisasi kelembagaan dalam sistem perbenihan yang mencakup (1) reposisi kembali peran KementerianPertanian dalam menjamin ketersediaan benih sumber, (2) penguatan balai benih tingkat provinsi dankabupaten, (3) penguatan balai pengawasan dan sertifikasi benih, (4) penguatan produsen benih termasukpadi lokal, (5) transformasi BUMN perbenihan padi, (6) pengembangan sistem perbenihan berbasismasyarakat, dan (7) digitalisasi data perbenihan. Tujuh rekomendasi revitalisasi kelembagaan perbenihan paditersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas dalam proses produksi, distribusi, danpengawasan benih sehingga dapat mentransformasi sistem perbenihan padi yang berkelanjutan dan padaakhirnya dapat berkontribusi pada pencapaian ketahanan pangan di Indonesia
Targeted Educational Materials for Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intervention among Urban Adolescents in Jakarta: A Mixed-Methods Study
No full textThis study aims to identify the educational needs of urban adolescents in Jakarta to improve their Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) regarding Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs). Its goal is to develop tailored educational material topics regarding SSBs related to health risks, such as obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research was conducted across five public senior high schools in all five areas of Jakarta from January to February 2024. The quantitative component involved a survey of 488 students to assess their KAP related to SSBs. The KAP formed the basis of the educational materials. The qualitative approach involves 2 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with students and 8 In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) with teachers and experts focusing on adolescents’ nutrition and health. The insights were used for the development of the educational materials. The qualitative data were transcribed, coded, and analysed thematically to pinpoint essential educational materials that could bridge the gaps identified in the quantitative data. Results showed that only 18.8% of adolescents had good knowledge, 13.9% had a positive attitude, and 32.4% exhibited healthy practices regarding SSBs. Findings revealed critical issues: poor knowledge, negative attitude, and unhealthy practice regarding the maximum daily sugar intake, inadequate understanding of the nutritional value of sugar, infrequent checking of sugar content before consuming SSBs, limited awareness of SSBs\u27 negative health impacts, and poor knowledge of SSB examples and food labelling practices. Educational materials are needed to address critical gaps in adolescents’ KAP related to SSBs. These materials should focus on raising awareness about the health risks of SSBs, understanding sugar content, improving food labelling literacy, and promoting healthier beverage choices. Future research should assess the implementation and effectiveness of tailored educational strategies to enhance adolescents\u27 KAP related to SSBs, address critical health risks, and promote informed beverage choices
Isolation and Characterization of Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles (PDEN) from Sapodilla Fruit (Manilkara zapota) as an Antioxidant Agent in 1BR3 Cell Line
Get PDFPlant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) have emerged as promising natural nanocarriers with potential applications in biomedicine and cosmetics due to their biocompatibility, stability, and intrinsic bioactivity. The objective of this research is to isolate, characterize, and analyze the effects of MZ-PDENs on 1BR3 cells. MZ-PDENs were isolated using filtration, differential centrifugation, and polymer-based precipitation. MZ-PDENs were characterized for their physiochemical properties, size, shape, and antioxidant activity. In vitro, bioactivities were conducted by measured cytotoxicity, proliferation assays, UVB protection, and migration assays. Results showed that MZ-PDENs possess strong antioxidant properties, are efficiently internalized by cells, and promote skin cell regeneration after UVB-induced damage. These findings suggest that MZ-PDENs have the potential as antioxidant agents for cosmeceutical applications and warrant further investigation in vivo models
The Relationships between Anti-Thyroid Peroxidase (Anti-TPO) and Inhibin-B as Predictor Biomarkers for Female Infertility
Get PDFAnti-thyroid peroxidase is an autoantibody generated by the immune system, its primary function is target and neutralize the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, is essential for production of thyroid hormones. Inhibin-B is a peptide belonging to TGF-β family produced by granulosa cells of the growing follicle cohort. It reflects the health of follicles, their overall numbers. The objective of this article is evaluation of Anti-TPO, Inhibin-B for female infertility. A case-control study includes 120females between 20-45 years divided into 60 apparently healthy females used as controls and 60 infertile females distributed 37 with Polycystic ovarian syndrome, 23 with Premature ovarian failure. Serum levels of Anti-TPO, Inhibin-B, LH, FSH, Testosterone, Prolactin and Estrogen were all measured using an ELISA assay. Inhibin-B, Anti-TPO higher in patients than in controls. Inhibin-B significantly increases(p≤0.0001) in PCOS above and under 40years (273.55±75.25 pg/mL), (234.91±52.43 pg/mL), but decreases in POF (18.96±1.21 pg/mL) than in controls (35.58±10.48 pg/mL), (42.04±10.04 pg/mL). AntiTPO increases in PCOS and POF above and under 40 years (16.08±2.14 ng/mL), (17.63±1.93 ng/mL), (14.72±1.19 ng/mL) than in controls(5.92±0.99 ng/mL), (5.93±0.84 ng/mL). The levels of FSH, Prolactin, Testosterone, Estrogen and LH were increased (p≤0.0001) in PCOS, POF as in controls. The results showed a negative correlation (p≤0.0001) between Inhibin-B, Anti-TPO (r = -0.520) in PCOS. The Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated Inhibin-B 95%CI:0.907-1.000; P-value:0.001; Cutoff Point:77.347; AUC:95.417% with Sensitivity to Specificity 91.667-98.333%; Accuracy: 95.000%. Anti-TPO 95% CI: 0.907-1.000; P-value: 0.001; Cutoff Point: 9.306; AUC: 98.861% with Sensitivity to Specificity 96.676-96.667%; Accuracy: 97.000%. Anti-TPO, Inhibin-B are useful biomarkers for evaluating fertility status and ovarian health, can used as sensitive indicators for early diagnosis of PCOS and POF in women of reproductive age