Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Contract Farming Models and Their Implementation on Broiler Chicken Business Income in Nanga-Nanga District, Kendari City
Get PDFBackground: The Nanga-Nanga subdistrict in Kendari City is one of the subdistricts whose community has developed a broiler chicken farming business in partnership with a company, but the implementation of the partnership sometimes does not comply with the contract.Purpose: of this study is to examine the contractual partnership model (contract farming) applied in broiler production in the Nanga-Nanga District of Kendari City, to evaluate the effectiveness of its implementation, and to analyze how the overall execution of the contractual partnership influences the income earned by broiler farmers.Design/methodology/approach: his research design employs a descriptive and quantitative approach, utilizing correlation analysis to examine relationships between variables. The study sample comprised the entire population of broiler chicken farmers involved in a partnership scheme with the company, totaling 15 respondents. Both primary and secondary data were collected for analysis. Correlation analysis was applied to evaluate the data. In addition, the study assessed several critical components of broiler chicken businesses, including income, mortality rate, average body weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), performance index, and depreciation cost calculations.Findings/Result: The contractual partnership arrangement (contract farming) implemented in the Nanga-Nanga District of Kendari City is characterized as a bipartite model. With respect to feed provision, 40% of farmers reported that the company supplied feed in quantities that surpassed the actual requirements of their poultry, while 20% stated that the feed they received was insufficient for their livestock. In terms of operational activities, particularly the timeliness of input delivery, only 46.67% of farmers confirmed that deliveries were made according to the agreed schedule. Furthermore, compliance with the company-determined harvest and sales schedules especially regarding harvest timing reached 60%. On average, farmers recorded a total income of IDR5,786,368.80. Results from Spearman’s Rank Correlation analysis show a strong positive association between the implementation of contractual partnerships and broiler farm income, reflected in a correlation coefficient of 0.771.Conclusion: The contractual arrangement used in broiler production in the Nanga-Nanga District of Kendari City corresponds to a two-party cooperation structure. The implementation of the partnership was evaluated across three dimensions, showing different levels of execution: support related to production inputs demonstrated an exceptionally strong degree of fulfillment, operational activities were carried out at a moderately effective level, and harvest timing and sales management also showed a moderate level of implementation. Overall, the way the contract farming scheme is executed demonstrates a strong positive relationship with the income earned by broiler chicken farmers.Originality/value (State of the art): The primary contribution of this study lies in its dual focus: not only does it identify the types of contract models, but it also evaluates the degree to which these contracts are implemented. The implementation process was examined across three distinct dimensions: the supply of essential production inputs, the management of day-to-day operational processes, as well as the timing of harvesting and sales.
Keywords: broilers; partnership model; implementation of partnership pattern, chicken farming business, contract farmin
UTILIZATION OF SUCKERMOUTH CATFISH (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) AS A RAW MATERIAL OF PROTEIN IN ARTIFICIAL FEED TILAPIA: PEMANFAATAN IKAN SAPU-SAPU (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU SUMBER PROTEIN DALAM PAKAN BUATAN IKAN NILA
Get PDFDalam kegiatan budidaya, pakan menyumbang sekitar 60% dari total biaya produksi. Upaya efisiensi dapat dilakukan melalui pemanfaatan bahan baku lokal, seperti tepung ikan sapu-sapu, sebagai alternatif substitusi tepung ikan impor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi tingkat substitusi antara tepung ikan lokal dan tepung ikan sapu-sapu terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu: A (100% tepung ikan lokal: 0% tepung ikan sapu-sapu), B (75%:25%), C (50%:50%), D (25%:75%), dan E (0%:100%), sehingga terdapat 15 unit percobaan. Ikan uji dengan bobot awal 1,5 g/ekor ditebar sebanyak 20 ekor dalam ember plastik berisi 85 L air per unit. Ikan diberi pakan sebanyak 6% dari bobot tubuh per hari dengan dua kali pemberian pagi dan sore selama 60 hari. Variabel dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians (ANOVA), uji statistik dilakukan pada tingkat signifikansi 5% (α = 0,05) dengan interval kepercayaan 95%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan D (25% tepung ikan lokal:75% tepung ikan sapu-sapu) memberikan pengaruh nyata terbaik (p = 0,004) terhadap pertambahan berat sebesar 3,9±0,83 g, perlakuan A, B, C, dan E sama tetapi berbeda dengan perlakuan D, sedangkan untuk aktivitas enzim pencernaan yaitu protease sebesar 0,452 U/mL dan amilase sebesar 0,579 U/mL.In aquaculture, feed constitutes approximately 60% of the total production cost. The feed efficiency can be enhanced by utilizing local ingredients, such as suckermouth catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) meal, as an alternative to imported fish meal. This study aims to evaluate the effects of varying substitution levels between local fish meal and suckermouth catfish meal on the growth performance and digestive enzyme activity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was applied with five treatments and three replications: A (100% local fish meal:0% suckermouth catfish meal), B (75%:25%), C (50%:50%), D (25%:75%), and E (0%:100%), resulting in a total of 15 experimental units. Test fishes with an initial weight of 1.5 g/individual of fish were stocked as many as 20 individual of fish in a plastic bucket containing 85 L of air per unit. Fish were fed 6% of their body weight per day with two feedings in the morning and evening for 60 days. Variables were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), statistical tests were performed at a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05) with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that treatment D (25% local fish meal: 75% suckermouth catfish meal) had the best significant effect (p = 0.004) on weight gain of 3.9±0.83 g, treatments A, B, C and E were the same but different from treatment D, while for digestive enzyme activity, namely protease of 0.452 U/mL and amylase of 0.579 U/mL
CORRECTION OF BLUE SWIMMING CRAB FOLDING TRAP ENTRANCE: KOREKSI PINTU MASUK BUBU LIPAT RAJUNGAN
Get PDFBubu lipat rajungan banyak digunakan oleh nelayan Indonesia karena mudah dibuat, dioperasikan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa rajungan sering mengalami kesulitan ketika melewati lintasan masuk, karena kaki-kakinya terperosok ke dalam mata jaring. Duri-duri pada sisi badannya sering tersangkut pada benang jaring, karena celah masuk terlalu sempit. Akibatnya adalah peluang rajungan terperangkap menjadi sangat rendah. Tujuan penelitian pertama adalah memperoleh kombinasi sudut kemiringan dan ukuran mata jaring lintasan yang mudah dilewati rajungan. Penelitian mencoba mengombinasikan antara sudut lintasan 20°, 30°, dan 40° dengan ukuran mata jaring 0,125”, 0,35”, dan 1,25”. Adapun tujuan kedua adalah menentukan celah masuk berbentuk elips atau persegi panjang yang mudah dilalui oleh rajungan. Penelitian skala laboratorium dan data hasil penelitian diuji secara parametrik dengan analisis ANOVA dua arah dan Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi sudut 20° dan ukuran mata jaring 0,125” merupakan konfigurasi terbaik, karena sebanyak 26 rajungan dapat melewati celah masuk. Kombinasi berikutnya, 20° (0,35”) dan 30° (0,125”) masing-masing dilalui oleh 25 rajungan. Sebanyak 369 individu (63,6%) dapat melewati celah persegi panjang, sedangkan 211 individu (36,4%) lainnya melewati celah elips. Kombinasi sudut 20° dan ukuran mata jaring 0,125” dengan bentuk celah masuk persegi panjang lebih mudah dilewati rajungan dibandingkan dengan kombinasi lainnya.Folding crab traps are widely used by Indonesian fishermen because they are easy to construct and operate. Observations suggest that crabs frequently struggle to pass through the entrance channel, as their legs become entangled in the mesh. The spines on the sides of their bodies usually become entangled in the net threads because the entrance is too narrow. Consequently, the chance of crabs being trapped is very low. The objective of the study is first to determine the combination of slope angle and mesh size for the channel that allows for crabs to pass through easily. The study attempted to combine the traverse angles of 20°, 30°, and 40° with mesh sizes of 0.125", 0.35", and 1.25". The second objective is to determine the elliptical or rectangular entry gap that is easy for crabs to pass through. Laboratory-scale research and the research data were analysed parametrically using two-way ANOVA and Tukey\u27s post hoc test. The results indicated the combination of an angle of 20° and a mesh size of 0.125" was the best configuration, because 26 individual of crabs could pass through the entry gap. The following combination, 20° (0.35") and 30° (0.125"), each passed through 25 crabs. A total of 369 individual of crabs (63.6%) could pass through the rectangular gap, while 211 individuals (36.4%) passed through the elliptical gap. The combination of a 20° angle and a mesh size of 0.125" with a rectangular entry gap is easier for crabs to pass through compared to other combinations
Hubungan Elemen Pemasaran Sosial GEMARIKAN dengan Perilaku Konsumsi Ikanpada Kelompok Penerima Manfaat di Kota Bogor
Get PDFProvinsi Jawa Barat merupakan penghasil produksi perikanan terbesar keempat di Indonesia, namun konsumsi ikan per kapita di Kota Bogor masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji hubungan antara pemasaran sosial GEMARIKAN di Kota Bogor dengan frekuensi mengonsumsi ikan pada penerima manfaat GEMARIKAN di Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei yang dilaksanakan pada dua kelurahan yang menjadi lokus Kampanye GEMARIKAN di Kota Bogor pada Oktober 2024. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman rho dengan bantuan aplikasi IBM SPSS 22 pada α=0,05. Dari 100 orang responden yang diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner penelitian, terdapat 29 responden yang tidak mengisi kuesioner secara lengkap. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi Spearman rho, terdapat lima variabel yang berhubungan positif signifikan dengan frekuensi mengonsumsi ikan, yakni frekuensi kampanye GEMARIKAN, dan paparan informasi bahwa ikan mengonsumsi ikan mampu mencegah stunting, jarak penjual ikan yang dekat dengan tempat tinggal responden, banyaknya bagian uang yang dikeluarkan untuk membeli ikan dan gaya hidup sebagai vegetarian. Sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan signifikan adalah persepsi tentang harga ikan, karakteristik individu, dan pendapatan keluarga
Aktivitas Fisiologis dan Pertumbuhan Melon (Cucumis melo L.) pada Perlakuan Sonic bloom dan Pupuk Daun
Get PDFMelon is a high-value economic commodity with broad market demand. However, melon production in Indonesia has shown relatively slow growth. To address this issue, sonic bloom technology, which stimulates stomatal opening, can be combined with foliar fertilizer to enhance melon growth. This study aimed to determine the optimal sonic bloom frequency and foliar fertilizer concentration to improve melon plant physiological activity and growth. The research was conducted from January to April 2024 at the Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sebelas Maret screen house. The experimental design followed a fully nested layout with two treatment factors: sonic bloom frequency (Hz) (F1 = 4,000 and F2 = 4,500) and compound foliar fertilizer application (control, 1, 3, and 5 g L-1). The fertilizer concentration factor was nested within the frequency factor and replicated four times in a randomized arrangement. Data were analyzed using 5% ANOVA, 5% Least Significant Difference (LSD) for mean comparison, and regression and correlation analyses. The results demonstrated that a 4,500 Hz frequency significantly increased chlorophyll b content, plant height at 5 WAP (weeks after planting), and number of segments at 5 WAP. . However, sonic bloom frequency had no significant effect on stomatal density, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, or leaf number at 5 WAP. The regression analysis results indicated that the optimal foliar fertilizer concentration for enhancing melon growth ranged between 2.96 - 3.68 g L-1.Keywords: chlorophyll, nutrient, photosynthesis, soundwave, stomataMelon merupakan komoditas bernilai ekonomi tinggi dengan tingkat permintaan pasar yang luas. Namun, produksi melon di Indonesia justru mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2021 ke 2022. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, teknologi sonic bloom yang merangsang pembukaan stomata dapat dikombinasikan dengan pupuk daun untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kualitas melon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan frekuensi sonic bloom dan konsentrasi pupuk daun yang optimal guna meningkatkan aktivitas fisiologis dan pertumbuhan melon. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari–April 2024 di screen house FP UNS. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu fully nested dengan 2 faktor perlakuan, yaitu frekuensi sonic bloom (Hz) (F1 = 4,000 dan F2 = 4,500) serta pemberian pupuk daun majemuk (kontrol, 1, 3, 5 g L-1). Faktor konsentrasi pupuk daun diulang sebanyak 4 kali secara acak yang tersarang dalam faktor frekuensi. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA taraf 5%, uji beda rata-rata menggunakan LSD taraf 5%, serta analisis regresi dan korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi 4,500 Hz secara signifikan meningkatkan kandungan klorofil b, tinggi tanaman 5 MST, dan jumlah ruas 5 MST. Konsentrasi pupuk daun optimal untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan melon berada pada kisaran 2.96 – 3.68 g L-1.
Kata kunci: gelombang suara, klorofil, stomat
Karakteristik Semen Cair Lumba-lumba Hidung Botol Indo-Pasifik (Turciops aduncus) Pasca Penyimpanan pada Suhu 5 C
No full textLumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik merupakan model potensial untuk pengembangan preservasi semen pada mamalia laut. Pengencer komersial berbasis lesitin digunakan untuk preservasi semen cair lumba-lumba hidung botol indo-pasifik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeavaluasi karakteristik semen cair lumba-lumba hidung botol pasca penyimpanan pada suhu 5 °C dalam pengencer komersial berbasis lesitin. Semen segar dari dua lumba-lumba hidung botol indo-pasifik berusia 11,5 dan 18 tahun dikoleksi satu minggu sekali sebanyak 3 kali ulangan. Semen segar dievaluasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Semen dengan motilitas sperma lebih dari 70% dibagi menjadi empat tabung, masing-masing dengan dan tanpa perlakuan sentrifugasi. Semen dibagi menjadi konsentrasi 100×106 ml-1 dan 200×106 ml-1, kemudian disimpan pada suhu 5 °C selama 4 hari. Evaluasi dilakukan setiap 24 jam meliputi motilitas, viabilitas, dan membran plasma utuh (MPU) spermatozoa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan yang signifikan (P < 0,05) pada kualitas sperma setiap 24 jam pemeriksaan pada semua perlakuan. Kualitas semen cair dipertahankan dengan motilitas ≥40% hingga hari ke-2 setelah penampungan semen. Preservasi semen cair sperma lumba-lumba hidung botol indo-pasifik dapat dilakukan dalam jangka waktu penyimpanan yang singkat yaitu 48 jam pada semua perlakuan dengan pengencer komersial berbasis lesitin.Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins are potential models for the development of semen preservation in marine mammals. Lecithin-based commercial diluent is used for preservation of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin liquid semen. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of liquid semen of bottlenose dolphins after storage at 5°C in lecithin-based commercial diluents. Fresh semen from two 11,5 and 18-year-old Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins was collected once a week for 3 replicates. Fresh semen was evaluated microscopically and macroscopically. Semen with more than 70% sperm motility was divided into four tubes, each with and without centrifugation treatment. Semen was divided into concentrations of 100 × 106 ml-1 and 200 × 106 ml-1, then stored at 5°C for 4 days. Semen was stored in 15 mL tubes and kept in a refrigerator at 5 °C for 4 days. Evaluation was done every 24 hours, including motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity (PMI) of sperm. Results showed a significant decrease (P < 0,05) in sperm quality every 24 hours of examination in all treatments. Liquid semen quality was maintained with motility ≥ 40% until day 2 after semen collection. Liquid semen preservation for Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin sperm can be done for a short storage period of 48 hours in all treatments with lecithin-based commercial diluent
Analysis of Rainfall Duration in Dramaga–Bogor in relation to Drainage Infrastructure Planning
Get PDFDramaga Subdistrict, Bogor Regency, is the only area in West Java with a Monsoon-1 zone of the Year-Round Rainfall (YRR) type with rainfall exceeding 150 mm/month. The combination of duration and high intensity is an important factor that affects peak discharge/flooding, which in turn determines the dimensions of drainage channels. This study aims to analyze the duration of rainfall in Dramaga - Bogor and other characteristics. The analysis was conducted based on data from the Automatic Agroclimate Weather Station (AAWS) for 2018-2024 at the Bogor Climatology Station. It was found that the duration of heavy and very heavy rainfall in Dramaga was mostly 2 hours. In addition, the highest monthly rainfall in Dramaga occurred in November (419.63 mm/month), while the lowest was in June (107.36 mm/month). Most of the rainfall occurred between 13:00 and 18:00 WIB, with the peak rainfall between 16:00 and 19:00 WIB
THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF OIL PALM FRUIT BUNCHES INFLUENCED BY POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
No full textQuality of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is influenced by Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) quality including physical and chemical. The damage in the oil palm fruit causes increasing hydrolysis process so free fatty acid content increase and the oil content decrease. Damage is caused by the postharvest process of the fruit, such as the time to transport to the factory and delays in collecting the fruit. The delay for processing must be appropriate so that damage of FFB should be minimized using potassium permanganate (KMnO4). This study want to know the effect of KMnO4 on physical and chemical quality of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) and the relationship between the observed variables. The FFB samples were taken from the IPB-Cargill Palm oil Education and Research, Jonggol Bogor Indonesia. This study used a randomized block design (RBD). The experiment consisted of 4 concentration levels of KMnO4 (0 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm and 750 ppm). The results showed that applying KMnO4 could maintain the physical quality of oil palm fruit on weight loss, fruit loss, respiration rate, and microbial content. The chemical quality is observed by fruit moisture content and free fatty acid content. KMnO4 concentration of 750 ppm is the best concentration. Based on the results of the correlation analysis, the direction of the relationship between the observed variables is positive. Variables that had a strong relationship were weight loss and fruit loss, weight loss and a number of microbes, weight loss and number of microbes, water content and number of microbes, as well as free fatty acids and number of microbes
THE INFLUENCE OF ACCESS TO FINANCING, FINANCIAL LITERACY AND ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCE ON UMK PERFORMANCE IN KENDARI CITY
No full textKendari City although the growth of MSEs shows a positive trend, challenges such as access to financing, financial literacy and entrepreneurial competence still need to be overcome to encourage positive MSE performance. The existing literature still does not conclusively state how the role and how to utilize information about financial access, financial literacy, and entrepreneurial competence. Therefore, there is a high urgency to conduct research on this subject, agat obtained benefits for the development of MSEs. This study aims to analyze the effect of access to financing, financial literacy and entrepreneurial competence on the performance of MSEs in Kendari City. Data collection using survey techniques located in Kendari City. The number of samples in this study as many as 165 respondents who have a SIUP. Data were analyzed using PLS-SEM method. The results showed that access to financing, financial literacy and entrepreneurial competence have a positive effect on the performance of MSEs. Access to financing is proven to improve the performance of micro and small enterprises (SMEs). Similarly, financial literacy improves performance. Furthermore, entrepreneurial competence also improves the performance of MSEs. Policy implications and recommendations that can be followed up by simplifying credit application requirements and procedures, conducting regular financial management training and training in skills and product innovation supported by collaboration between local governments and financial institutions to encourage sustainable growth of MSEs in Kendari city.Although the growth of MSEs in Kendari City shows a positive trend, challenges such as access to finance, financial literacy and entrepreneurial competence still need to be addressed to encourage positive MSE performance. Existing literature has yet to conclusively address the role and how to utilize information on access to finance, financial literacy, and entrepreneurial competencies. Therefore, there is a high urgency to conduct research on this matter, so that benefits can be obtained for the development of MSEs. This study aims to analyze the effect of access to finance, financial literacy and entrepreneurial competence on the performance of MSEs in Kendari City. Data collection using survey techniques located in Kendari City. The number of samples in this study were 165 respondents who had a SIUP. Data were analyzed using the PLS-SEM method. The results showed that access to financing, financial literacy and entrepreneurial competence had a positive effect on the performance of MSEs. Access to financing is proven to improve the performance of micro and small enterprises (MSEs). Similarly, financial literacy improves performance. Furthermore, entrepreneurial competence also improves the performance of MSEs. Policy implications and recommendations that can be used as follow-up by simplifying credit application requirements and procedures, organizing periodic financial management training and skills training and product innovation supported by collaboration between local governments and financial institutions to encourage sustainable growth of MSEs in Kendari city
Islamic Modes for Agricultural Financing: Which is the Most Suitable?
Get PDFThe agricultural sector is a primary sector in a country, contributing to GDP, providing raw materials for industry, and ensuring food and nutritional security. Additionally, the agricultural sector often proves to be a stabilizing force for the national economy during economic crises. One financing model suitable for this sector is the sharia-compliant financing scheme. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to explore the extent of research on Islamic financing models for the agricultural sector, analyzing 41 Scopus-indexed journal articles. Six main themes emerge: conceptualizing Islamic agricultural financing, waqf technology for SDGs in agribusiness, risk management in Islamic agricultural credit, Islamic finance for agricultural projects, economic growth through Islamic agricultural finance, and Islamic Microfinance Institutions (IMFIs) in agricultural finance. The analysis identifies the most suitable Islamic financing modes as integrated salam contracts with IMFIs, Waqf Trustee-Anchor Company models for agribusiness on waqf land and crowdfunding models with salam contracts and muzaraah waqf. Additionally, qard-al-hasan, muzaraah, and aPLS (agricultural Production and Loss Sharing) scheme with ujrah principles are recommended for unproductive land development. Policymakers in the agricultural sector can leverage these findings to enhance the role of Islamic finance in fostering agricultural development, particularly in countries with a majority Muslim population