Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
Not a member yet
25587 research outputs found
Sort by
Effect of Overlapping Feeding on the Growth and Survival of Nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) Larvae
Get PDFThe nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) is an endemic freshwater species native to Indonesia and is valued both for its therapeutic properties and its potential for processing into value-added products such as baby fish chips. However, its relatively low growth rate remains a major constraint in aquaculture development. The effect of overlapping feeding on the growth performance and survival of nilem larvae was evaluated. Spawning was conducted over three periods using hormone-induced broodstock prior to larval rearing, and fertilized eggs were incubated under controlled conditions. Larval rearing was carried out at the Freshwater Fish Germplasm Research Installation using two feeding treatments with two replicates: a non-overlapping feeding regime, in which Infusoria was administered from day 4 to 7 followed by artificial feed, and an overlapping regime, in which Infusoria was provided from day 3 to 10 alongside artificial feed from day 8 to 10 before transfer to outdoor concrete tanks. Higher absolute weight gain (0.022 ± 0.001 g), absolute length gain (0.78 ± 0.03 cm), specific growth rate (3.30 ± 0.135%), and survival rate (90.0 ± 0.89%) were recorded under overlapping feeding compared to the non-overlapping treatment (0.018 ± 0.001 g; 0.67 ± 0.01 cm; 2.76 ± 0.111%; and 86.1 ± 0.62%, respectively). Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in absolute length gain and survival, while absolute weight gain and specific growth rate were not significantly affected. Overlapping feeding was demonstrated to improve larval performance and can be recommended as a feeding strategy to enhance hatchery productivity in nilem aquaculture
Enhancement of α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity, Antioxidant Activity, and Antioxidant Compounds in Mulberry Leaves Under Salinity Stress
Get PDFSalinity stress disrupts redox homeostasis in plants, leading to notable changes in the levels of bioactive compounds. These compounds are recognized for their significant role in inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme, which is relevant in glycemic control. Detailed insights into how salinity stress modulates α-glucosidase inhibition in mulberry leaves remain scarce. This study aims to investigate the effects of salinity stress on α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in mulberry leaf extracts, and to identify accessions exhibiting the most potent inhibitory properties. In vitro assays were employed to conduct qualitative phytochemical analyses and to quantify total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and α-glucosidase enzyme activity. The results demonstrate that high salinity stress enhances the inhibitory activity of mulberry leaf extracts against the α-glucosidase enzyme. Notably, the MB2-3 sample exhibited the most favorable IC50 value (0.59 µg/mL), coupled with a substantial phenolic content (141.9 mg GAE/g extract) and the highest content of flavonoid observed among all tested samples (619.56 mg QE/g extract). Collectively, these findings highlight the capacity of salinity stress to augment both the inhibitory potential of mulberry extracts against α-glucosidase and the accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, with sample MB2-3 displaying auspicious attributes
Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles from Emprit Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum) and Its Potential Metabolite as Functional Food Ingredients
Get PDFThe Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles (PDENs) are nano-sized vesicles secreted by plants that carry various bioactive compounds and have shown promise for use in functional food applications. This study investigated PDENs isolated from emprit ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum), a local ginger variety renowned for its health-promoting properties. PDENs were extracted from rhizomes harvested at 8, 10, and 12 months, and analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant capacity. The best-performing sample based on these parameters was selected for further metabolite profiling using LC-QTOF-MS. A total of 41 compounds were identified from the selected GDEN and ginger extract samples—32 compounds in the GDEN and 24 in the extract. These compounds belong to various groups, including amino acids, flavonoids, phenolics, lipids, terpenoids, vitamins, and others. Compound identification was based on public databases and literature concerning their potential as functional food ingredients. Among these, amino acids were the most abundant group in the GDENs, whereas phenolics were the dominant group in the ginger extract. This study underscores the potential of ginger-derived exosome nanoparticles as a rich source of bioactive compounds, supporting their further exploration and application in the development of functional food products. The balanced metabolite profile observed in GDENs highlights their unique advantages over conventional extracts. These findings reinforce the potential of emprit GDENs as promising candidates for functional food development
Glutamic Acid Production by Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Indonesian Fermented Food Salted Mustard Greens and Dangke Cheese
Get PDFGlutamic acid is an additive compound widely added to food to enhance the savory taste (umami). Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are included in Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) and have the potential to produce various metabolite compounds, including glutamic acid, through fermentation. LAB can be isolated from salted mustard greens and dangke cheese. This study aimed to analyze the effect of LAB isolate types and fermentation time on the production of glutamic acid, glutamic acid profiling, and molecularly identify the LAB genus that produces the highest glutamic acid based on the 16S rRNA gene. The fermentation process of LAB was carried out using four selected isolates: D16, D15, S4, and S15, which were isolated from salted mustard greens and dangke cheese. Each isolate was incubated for five different incubation times: 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The identification of glutamic acid was carried out using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method, its quantification by spectrophotometry, and profiling by High-Performance Liquid Chroma-tography (HPLC). In addition, molecular identification of the highest-producing LAB isolate was conducted based on the 16S rRNA gene. The results showed that isolate S4 from salted mustard greens produced the highest glutamic acid after 48 h, with 670.05 mg/L and a total glutamic acid of 0.23% (w/w) based on HPLC results. Isolate S4 is known to be molecularly similar to the Pediococcus pentosaceus species. Local LAB isolates from salted mustard greens and dangke cheese can produce glutamic acid that can be used to enhance the taste of fermented foods
Zinc and boron micronutrients application enhance sweet corn productivity
Get PDFSweet corn (Zea mays L. var saccharata) is a valuable crop whose productivity depends not only on macronutrients but also on micronutrients such as zinc (Zn) and boron (B), which play essential roles in plant physiological processes. However, the effectiveness of foliar-applied micronutrients in sweet corn cultivation under tropical conditions remains insufficiently studied. This research aimed to evaluate the agronomic effectiveness of a micronutrient fertilizer containing Zn (5.46%) and B (3.59%) when combined with reference and reduced doses of NPK fertilizer. The experiment was conducted from February to May 2025 at the Sindangbarang Experimental Farm, IPB University. This experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with four treatments, namely control (no fertilizer), reference fertilizer, reference fertilizer + 1 dose of micronutrient fertilizer, and ¾ dose of reference fertilizer + 1 dose of micronutrient fertilizer, with six replications. Results showed that micronutrient application significantly enhanced vegetative growth and yield components compared to the control. The combination of reference NPK and one dose of micronutrient fertilizer produced the highest productivity, with a 78.8% increase over the control and a relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) value of 114.5%, indicating a 1.14-fold improvement over the reference treatment. These findings suggest that integrating Zn and B into fertilization strategies can enhance sweet corn performance and support more efficient nutrient management in tropical agroecosystems.
Keywords: crop yield improvement; foliar fertilization; micronutrient uptake; tropical field experiment; Zea mays physiolog
TECHNO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CHILI SAUCE PRODUCTION USING FERMENTED CASSAVA FLOUR
Get PDFThis study performs a techno-economic analysis to assess the feasibility of developing chili sauce products incorporating fermented cassava flour as a local food ingredient. The evaluation covers both technical/technological and economic aspects. Technologically, the product exhibits favorable characteristics with a mean moisture content of 72% and pH of 4.01, supported by positive organoleptic test results. Economically, financial analysis indicates strong viability, with a Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 40,138,730 an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 34.53%, a Benefit-Cost (B/C) Ratio of 2.25, and a Payback Period (PP) of 2 years and 1 months. The integrated findings from both technical and economic evaluations confirm that chili sauce formulated with fermented cassava flour is technically sound and economically feasible for commercial development. This product has significant potential to enhance added value, create new business opportunities, and support sustainable local food security.
keywords: chili sauce, techno-economic, cassav
Preferensi Masyarakat dalam Mengunjungi Ruang Terbuka Publik
Get PDFPublic open spaces are essential for sustainable urban development, offering places for recreation, social interaction, and physical activities. These spaces, designed by local governments, often attract both local residents and tourists. However, many public open spaces fail to fully adhere to infrastructure regulations set by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PUPR), highlighting the need for improved planning and design. This study aims to explore community preferences for visiting urban public open spaces to provide insights for better design and management. A qualitative, exploratory approach using grounded theory was employed, with data collected through open-ended online questionnaires distributed via non-random sampling. The responses were analyzed using content analysis. The findings reveal three primary categories of preferences: conception, physical-spatial attributes, and activities. The conception category includes elements such as tranquility, familiarity, attractiveness, novelty, and enjoyment. Physical-spatial preferences focus on accessibility, safety, cleanliness, spaciousness, and the natural environment. Activities, the most significant category, include learning, playing, culinary experiences, sports, recreation, relaxation, and social interaction.Activities received the highest score (66 points), followed by physical-spatial attributes (57 points) and conception (30 points). These results underscore the importance of designing spaces that support diverse activities while maintaining accessibility, safety, and environmental appeal. Recommendations for policymakers and urban planners include enhancing facilities, ensuring cleanliness and safety, and promoting inclusivity. By aligning public open space design with community preferences, cities can create vibrant spaces that meet the needs of urban residents and improve their quality of life.Public open spaces are essential for sustainable urban development, offering places for recreation, social interaction, and physical activities. These spaces, designed by local governments, often attract both local residents and tourists. However, many public open spaces fail to fully adhere to infrastructure regulations set by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PUPR), highlighting the need for improved planning and design. This study aims to explore community preferences for visiting urban public open spaces to provide insights for better design and management. A qualitative, exploratory approach using grounded theory was employed, with data collected through open-ended online questionnaires distributed via non-random sampling. The responses were analyzed using content analysis. The findings reveal three primary categories of preferences: conception, physical-spatial attributes, and activities. The conception category includes elements such as tranquility, familiarity, attractiveness, novelty, and enjoyment. Physical-spatial preferences focus on accessibility, safety, cleanliness, spaciousness, and the natural environment. Activities, the most significant category, include learning, playing, culinary experiences, sports, recreation, relaxation, and social interaction.Activities received the highest score (66 points), followed by physical-spatial attributes (57 points) and conception (30 points). These results underscore the importance of designing spaces that support diverse activities while maintaining accessibility, safety, and environmental appeal. Recommendations for policymakers and urban planners include enhancing facilities, ensuring cleanliness and safety, and promoting inclusivity. By aligning public open space design with community preferences, cities can create vibrant spaces that meet the needs of urban residents and improve their quality of life
Application of Biological Agents for The Control of Ganoderma sp. On Sengon Stands On North Kalimantan Post-Mining Land
No full textThe land reclamation at PT. Pesona Khatulistiwa Nusantara using sengon trees is susceptible to pest and disease attacks, particularly red root rot disease caused by Ganoderma sp. This research aims to analyze the influence of biological agents, namely, the Trichoderma sp. and the JakabaBHP01 in inhibiting the growth of the Ganoderma sp. and analyze the influence of time in the inhibition process. The antagonist test was carried out using a double culture method between pathogenic fungi and antagonist fungi on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The influence of time was treated in two ways: a) growing Ganoderma sp. and antagonistic fungi simultaneously and b) growing Ganoderma sp. for 7 days before testing its inhibitory power against antagonistic fungi. Antagonist test results showed that Trichoderma sp. and JakabaBHP01 can inhibit the growth of pathogens with simultaneous laying times. The highest inhibition results on Ganoderma sp. A1 was a treatment using Trichoderma sp., which is 95.63%, and in Ganoderma sp. A2 also had the highest inhibition with Trichoderma sp., 98.74%. Inhibitory mechanisms in Trichoderma sp. were a competition mechanism and in JakabaBHP01 it was a mycoparasitism mechanism.Reklamasi lahan PT. Pesona Khatulistiwa Nusantara dengan tanaman sengon rentan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit, terutama penyakit busuk akar merah yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh agens hayati yaitu, Trichoderma sp. dan JakabaBHP01 dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Ganoderma sp. serta menganalisis pengaruh waktu dalam proses penghambatannya. Uji antagonis dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kultur ganda antara cendawan patogen dan cendawan antagonis pada media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Perlakuan pengaruh waktu dilakukan dengan dua cara : a) penumbuhan Ganoderma sp. dan cendawan antagonis secara bersamaan dan b) menumbuhkan terlebih dahulu Ganoderma sp. selama 7 hari sebelum diuji daya hambatnya terhadap cendawan antagonis. Hasil uji antagonis menunjukkan bahwa Trichoderma sp. dan JakabaBHP01 dapat menghambat pertumbuhan patogen dengan waktu peletakkan yang dilakukan bersamaan. Hasil penghambatan tertinggi pada Ganoderma sp. A1 adalah perlakuan dengan menggunakan Trichoderma sp. Yaitu sebesar 95,63% dan pada Ganoderma sp. A2 perhambatan tertingginya juga dengan perlakuan Trichoderma sp. yaitu sebesar 98,74%. Mekanisme penghambatan pada Trichoderma sp. adalah mekanisme kompetisi dan pada JakabaBHP01 adalah mekanisme mikoparasitisme
EXPLORING GLOBAL TRENDS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS IN FISHING TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH: AN INNOVATIVE BIBLIOMETRIC APPROACH
Get PDFFishing technology has undergone rapid development in response to sustainability challenges; however, a comprehensive global synthesis of its research progress and future directions remains lacking. To address this gap, this study explores global trends and prospects in fishing technology research using an innovative bibliometric approach. A total of 164 Scopus-indexed documents published between 2009 and 2023, authored by 179 researchers across 33 countries, were analyzed. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Biblioshiny application in the Bibliometrix R package, complemented by knowledge domain visualization (KDV) to map scientific structures, collaboration networks, and citation patterns. The results indicate an annual publication growth rate of 12.3%, reflecting increasing global interest in fishing technology. China was identified as the most productive country, with the strongest record of international collaboration, while Cooke SJ emerged as the most influential scholar, with a PageRank score of 0.0204 and accounting for 18.25% of global citations. Keyword mapping revealed research hotspots centered on sustainable development, selective fishing gear, and the integration of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence and electronic monitoring. This study concludes that bibliometric synthesis not only provides a strategic overview of global knowledge gaps and thematic evolution but also highlights the critical role of interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovation in shaping the future of sustainable fisheries management.
Keywords: Bibliometrics analysis, fisheries, fishing technolog
Application of Multispectral Drone-Based Vegetation Indices for Assessing Growth Conditions in Irrigated Paddy Rice
Get PDFMonitoring on irrigated rice field is crucial to anticipate crop damage due to drought and flooding. However, conventional observation methods present complex challenges such as observer bias, point-based data, and limited observational coverage. Observations assisted by multispectral (MS) camera technology mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs/drones) were able to address these issues but are still underdeveloped. This study reports the potential use of multispectral cameras mounted on a drone to assess the effects of drought and inundation on rice crops using vegetation indices such as the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Normalized Difference Red-Edge Index (NDRE). Observations were conducted three times during the vegetative (10 days after transplanting), generative (45 days after transplanting), and ripening (80 days after transplanting) stages on Ciherang and IR64 rice varieties. The rice plants were subjected to different irrigation treatments: drying, flooding, and control. The results showed that the NDRE index had a poor response to vegetation during the vegetative stage but improved during the generative and maturation stages. Meanwhile, the growth of weeds among the rice plants affected the NDVI and NDWI values, especially under dry conditions, making these indices less reliable in such scenarios.Deteksi kondisi tanaman padi sawah beririgasi penting dilakukan untuk mengantisipasi kegagalan panen akibat kekeringan dan banjir. Namun pengamatan kondisi padi sawah secara konvensional menyisakan permasalahan kompleks seperti bias pengamat, data berbasis titik, dan cakupan pengamat yang terbatas. Pengamatan dengan bantuan teknologi kamera multispektral (MS) menggunakan wahana tanpa awak (UAV/Drone) dapat membantu mengatasi masalah-masalah di atas, meskipun penerapannya belum banyak dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas tiga indeks vegetasi NDWI, NDVI, and NDREberbasis citra mutispektral berbasis drone dalam memantau kondisi tanaman padi serta mendeteksi dampak kekeringan dan penggenangan terhadap pertumbuhannya. Pengamatan dilakukan tiga kali pada fase vegetatif (10 HST, generatif (45 HST), dan pematangan (80 HST) terhadap padi varietas Ciherang dan IR64. Tanaman padi diberi perlakuan pengairan yaitu pengeringan, penggenangan, dan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks NDRE memiliki respon terhadap vegetasi yang kurang baik pada pertumbuhan fase vegetatif, tetapi meningkat lebih baik pada fase pertumbuhan generatif dan pematangan. Sementara itu, pertumbuhan gulma di antara tanaman padi menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap nilai NDVI dan NDWI terutama di perlakuan kering, sehingga nilai tersebut kurang dapat diandalkan