Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Assessing the Influence of Flowering Plants and Landscape Composition on Host-Parasitoid Food Webs
Get PDFThe introduction of flowering plants into agricultural landscapes can significantly impact host-parasitoid food webs, although the extent of these effects varies depending on landscape characteristics. This study examined the effects of habitat manipulation by introducing flowering plants on the complexity of herbivore-parasitoid food webs in agricultural landscapes. Using Shannon diversity, links per species, linkage density, and vulnerability, we assessed the effects of flowers planted in maize fields. Herbivore collections were conducted at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting. Bipartite network analysis identified nine host morphospecies (Lepidoptera) in maize fields, revealing eight morphospecies in fields without flowering plants and six in fields with flowering plants. Eight major parasitoids were recorded, with Paratetracnemoidea sp.1 and Telenomus remus dominating fields without flowering plants, whereas T. remus was the most prevalent in fields with flowers. Spodoptera frugiperda emerged as the dominant host in both fields, whereas Lymantriidae sp.2 was present in low numbers in both field types. These results indicate that flowering plants enhance Shannon diversity and linkage density. However, the composition of the surrounding landscape can obscure these benefits, leading to simplified food web structures as the agricultural fields expand. Our findings underscore the significance of landscape context in shaping crop-herbivore-parasitoid interactions, offering valuable insights into sustainable agricultural management practices
Coat Color Variation and Hair Color Banding in the Papuan Bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu, Marsupialia: Peramelidae)
Get PDFCoat color in mammals plays important adaptive roles, including camouflage, communication, and thermoregulation. Intraspecific variation in coat color is often associated with local environmental conditions. This study investigates coat color and hair color banding in the common spiny bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu), which exhibits ventral color polymorphism. We examined twenty individuals from Manokwari, West Papua, categorizing them into red-ventral and white-ventral groups. Coat color was quantified from digital photographs using CIE Lab* values, and hair color banding types were analyzed microscopically from body areas: dorsal, lateral, and ventral. Significant differences were found between the two groups and among the body areas. Red-ventral individuals exhibited higher a (redness) and b (yellowness) values, especially in the ventral area, whereas white-ventral individuals showed higher L (Lightness) values and reduced chromaticity. Seven hair color banding types were identified, with red-ventral individuals displaying a more diverse hair color banding type across body areas, particularly in lateral and ventral areas. Habitat substrate color analysis revealed that red-ventral individuals inhabited darker, red-yellow environments, whereas white-ventral individuals occupied lighter, less saturated habitats. The dorsal-to-ventral gradient in pigmentation and banding in E. kalubu is predicted to have a countershading function to avoid predators
Analisis kesegaran dan kandungan formalin pada ikan laut di Lampung Selatan
Get PDFFormaldehyde contamination from the illegal use of formalin and natural accumulation is an indicator of fish quality decline throughout the post-harvest supply chain, from capture to distribution to consumers. This study aimed to determine the level of freshness and formaldehyde content in seawater fish in the fisheries supply chain (TPI Dermaga Bom and traditional markets) in Kalianda, South Lampung. The methods used included organoleptic analysis, pH measurement, total volatile base (TVB) measurement, trimethylamine (TMA) measurement, active formaldehyde (FA) measurement, and dimethylamine (DMA) measurement. Samples of snapper, mackerel, sardines, and semar were analyzed to compare their quality. The results showed that fish samples from the collectors were fresher than those from traditional markets. The pH values at both locations ranged from 6.39 to 7.12. The TVB values of both locations ranged from 12.55 to 30.98 mgN/100 g, while the TMA values ranged from 8.82 to 12.35 mgN/100 g. The FA values at both locations ranged from 0.25 to 0.45 ppm, whereas the DMA values ranged from 0.54 to 0.67 ppm. Statistical results showed that the p-value was greater than 0.05 in the TVB and TMA tests between fish from collectors and markets, indicating that there was no significant difference between the two locations. However, no significant differences were observed in the pH values, natural formaldehyde content, or dimethylamine levels. The implications of these research results are expected to help improve fish quality management and support strict monitoring policies in the fishery product supply chain in the future.Kontaminasi formaldehida dari penggunaan formalin ilegal maupun akumulasi alami menjadi indikator penurunan mutu ikan sepanjang rantai pasok pascapanen, mulai dari penangkapan hingga distribusi ke konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat kesegaran dan kandungan formaldehida pada ikan air laut dalam rantai pasok perikanan (TPI Dermaga Bom dan pasar tradisional) di Kalianda, Lampung Selatan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis organoleptik, pH, total volatile base (TVB), trimetilamina (TMA), formaldehida alami (FA), dan dimetilamin (DMA). Sampel ikan kakap, selar, sarden, dan semar dianalisis untuk membandingkan tingkat kualitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampel ikan dari pengepul dinyatakan lebih segar dibandingkan sampel ikan dari pasar tradisional. Nilai pH dari kedua lokasi berkisar 6,39 hingga 7,12. Nilai TVB dari kedua lokasi berkisar 12,55 hingga 30,98 mgN/100 g, sedangkan nilai TMA berkisar 8,82 hingga 12,35 mgN/100 g. Nilai FA dari kedua lokasi berkisar 0,25 hingga 0,45 ppm, sedangkan nilai DMA berkisar 0,54 hingga 0,67 ppm. Hasil statistik menunjukkan nilai p lebih besar daripada 0,05 pada uji TVB dan TMA antara ikan dari pengepul dan pasar yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kedua lokasi, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam nilai pH, kandungan formaldehida alami, dan dimetilamin. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu meningkatkan pengelolaan mutu ikan, serta mendukung kebijakan pengawasan ketat dalam rantai pasok produk perikanan
DESIGN SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT USING HOUSE OF RISK (HOR) METHOD AT IBUNMANIS COKLAT MSMES
Get PDFUMKM Ibunmanis Coklat adalah sebuah bisnis dalam industri makanan yang memproduksi cokelat batang dan cokelat isi, termasuk dalam kategori Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM). Selama satu tahun, UMKM ini mengalami total loss supply sebesar 33% dari target permintaan yang diharapkan. Terdapat 51 kejadian keterlambatan bahan baku utama dalam setahun, sementara bahan baku penunjang mengalami sembilan kali keterlambatan, dan bahan kemasan sekali. Permasalahan dalam pasokan ini menyebabkan loss production sebanyak 10 kali dalam setahun. Tiga isu utama yang dihadapi adalah ketidakpastian pemesanan, keterlambatan bahan baku, dan cacat dalam proses produksi. Untuk memperbaiki kinerja rantai pasok, UMKM Ibunmanis Coklat melakukan analisis risiko rantai pasok menggunakan model SCOR 12.0 yang mengidentifikasi 24 risk event dan 29 risk agent. Berdasarkan analisis model HOR 1 dan pareto, 80% risk agent prioritas diidentifikasi dan membutuhkan mitigasi untuk mengurangi 20% penyebab risiko. Dengan model HOR 2, ditetapkan strategi mitigasi prioritas yang melibatkan integrasi perencanaan dan penjadwalan. Risiko tersebut dikelola dengan menggunakan indikator kinerja yang diukur dengan snorm de boer, serta visualisasi historis untuk memantau dampaknya.
Keywords: house of risk, manajemen risiko, mitigasi risiko rantai pasok, SCO
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES) FOR BILIH FISH PRODUCTS IN SOLOK REGENCY, WEST SUMATERA
Get PDFBilih fish is a freshwater fish endemic at Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra, and can be processed to increase this added value. The development of the fishery industry provides significant economic benefits and contributes to environmental impacts. This research aimed to assess the life cycle of crispy balado bilih fish products from Tujuh Muaro (TM) micro-enterprise and regular fried bilih fish products from Tabiang Biduak Lestari (TB) microenterprise using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The scope of this study is cradle-to-grave, covering bilih fish fishing, transportation of raw materials and packaging, production processes, and distribution, with a functional unit of 100 g/package of bilih fish product. The impact analysis was conducted using SimaPro software, based on the CML 2001-IA baseline method for impact categories, including Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification (AP), and Eutrophication (EP). The micro-enterprises generated GWP impacts with normalised values of TM 6.51E-14 and TB 1.28E-14, AP 3.86E-14 and 1.19E-14, EP 5.81E-13, and 7.96E-14 person equivalents, respectively. Improvement scenarios at the production unit were carried out by substituting frying methods to reduce cooking oil usage, which lowered impacts with GWP reductions of 84.85% (TM) and 51.93% (TB), and AP reductions of 52.63% and 17.86%, EP reductions of 96.08% and 81.35%. In the transportation unit, selecting packaging suppliers closer to TM reduced impacts by 94.22% for GWP, 94.23% for AP, and 94.25% for EP. Utilising waste oil as biodiesel further reduced GWP impacts by 90.48% (TM) and 82.87% (TB), AP by 97.50%, and 94.78%, EP by 98.80%, and 98.14% respectively.
Keywords: bilih fish, environmental impact, LC
Knowledge, Attitude, and Conservation Intention of Snake: A Study on IPB University Students’ Perception
Get PDFTwenty-nine species of snakes, eight highly venomous, inhabit various habitats found in the IPB Darmaga Campus, posing risks to people who have activities on campus. A snake bite case occurred on the IPB Darmaga campus in 2021, causing death. Such a case can incite negative perceptions in people and adversely affect their conservation intention. This study aimed to analyse students\u27 knowledge and attitudes about snakes on the IPB Darmaga campus and draw on their conservation intentions from the data. A Google form was used to collect the data from 374 respondents from nine faculties at IPB University. A comparison was made between the students actively joining the Herpetofauna Observation Group (KPH) and the general students (non-KPH). Knowledge of the presence of snakes on campus was strongly influenced by information availability and student activities. All KPH students had direct encounters with snakes on campus, while only 52.9% of non-KPH students had such encounters. A total of 7.2% of non-KPH students and 58.6% of KPH students correctly identified the types of venomous and non-venomous snakes. Some non-KPH students were afraid of and disgusted by the sight of snakes. In contrast to KPH students, most non-KPH students suggested they would kill snakes upon encounter, showing their lack of conservation intention. Such data suggests the need for snake education for students to improve their conservation intention of the species, while at the same time increasing their ability to protect themselves from the risk of conflicts
Performance Comparison of Microclimate Control ANFIS vs Fuzzy Logic in Plant Factory
Get PDFPopulation growth and the reduction of agricultural land necessitate the application of technology to enhance agricultural productivity. A plant factory is an advanced agricultural technology that enables indoor plant production by precisely regulating the microclimate for optimal growth. While fuzzy logic algorithms have been applied for microclimate control, the use of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) has not been explored. This research aims to develop a microclimate monitoring and control system based on ANFIS and fuzzy logic in a plant factory and compare their performance. The study involves five stages: designing control system schemes, developing hardware and software, testing, analyzing data, and comparing system performance. Microclimate data from both systems were analyzed using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) metric and visualized through performance graphs. The results indicate that the plant factory with ANFIS control achieved MAE temperature values of 1.18°C and 1.48°C and MAE humidity values of 14.68% and 12.48%, while the fuzzy logic control system yielded MAE temperature values of 1.68°C and 1.60°C and MAE humidity values of 13.02% and 12.31%. Based on the MAE values, the ANFIS control system demonstrated better temperature regulation than fuzzy logic; however, neither system provided optimal microclimate control. These findings highlight the potential of ANFIS for improving temperature regulation in plant factories, suggesting the need for further refinement and optimization of control strategies to enhance overall system performance
The research consists of five stages, namely designing ANFIS and fuzzy logic control system schemes, designing hardware, designing software, testing and analyzing data, and comparing the performance of the two control systems. Microclimate data from both control systems were then analyzed to see their performance by looking at the MAE (Mean Absolute Error) value. Analysis is also done by looking at the graph of running results. The results showed that the plant factory with ANFIS control system showed MAE temperature values of 1.18oC and 1.48oC and MAE humidity of 14.68% and 12.48% while the plant factory with fuzzy logic control system showed MAE temperature values of 1.68oC and 1.60oC and MAE humidity of 13.02% and 12.31%. The plant factory with ANFIS control system provides better performance in temperature regulation based on the MAE value obtained but has not provided good performance, either using ANFIS control system or using fuzzy logic control system
Impact of Postharvest Processing on the Metabolite Profile of Arabica Green Coffee Beans
Get PDFTeknik pascapanen sangat memengaruhi komposisi dan kualitas biji kopi hijau melalui perubahan metabolit primer dan sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak tiga teknik pengolahan pascapanen seperti Natural, Fully Washed, dan Honey pada senyawa fenolik, aktivitas antioksidan, kafein, protein, dan warna dalam biji kopi hijau Arabika dari Solok Selatan, Indonesia. Analisis spektrofotometri dan kolorimetri dilakukan. Data dianalisis menggunakan AnoVA dan metode multivariat PCA dan pengelompokan menggunakan heatmap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses Honey memiliki kandungan polifenol tertinggi sebesar 3918,61 ± 349,85 mg GAE/g, sedangkan biji Fully Washed memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi (1,41 ± 0,21%) dan kandungan kafein (1,41 ± 0,21%). Metode Natural menghasilkan kandungan protein tertinggi (24,26 ± 0,40%). Berdasarkan perbedaan warna menunjukkan perbedaan warna yang signifikan dimana di hubungkan pada perbedaan biokimia di antara metode pascapanen green bean. Penelitian ini menekankan dampak besar pemrosesan pascapanen dalam menentukan profil metabolit dan karakteristik kualitas biji kopi hijau. Temuan ini dapat membantu dalam merumuskan langkah-langkah pemrosesan yang akan digunakan dalam pemurnian kopi dan memaksimalkan manfaatnya bagi kesehatan.Postharvest techniques greatly affect the composition and quality of green coffee beans by altering some primary and secondary metabolites. This study aimed to assess the impact of three postharvest processing techniques (natural, honey, and fully washed) on the phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, caffeine, protein, and color in Arabica green coffee beans from Solok Regency, Indonesia. Spectrophotometric and colorimetric analyses were performed. Data were analyzed using Duncan’s multiple range test, multivariate PCA, and heatmap clustering. Results showed that honey process had the highest polyphenol content of 3918.61 ± 349.85 mg GAE/g, whereas beans that were fully washed had the highest antioxidant activity (1.41 ± 0.21%) and caffeine content (1.41 ± 0.21%). Natural processing yielded the highest protein content (24.26 ± 0.40%). There were significant differences in the hue angle that were related to some of the biochemical differences among the treatments. This research emphasizes the importance of postharvest processing in defining the metabolite profile and quality features of green coffee beans. These findings can assist in formulating the processing steps to be used in refining coffee and maximizing its health-related advantages
The Future of Supplier Selection: Integrating Bibliometric Intelligence and MCDM in The Perishable Agro-Industry
Get PDFBackground: Supplier selection in the perishable agroindustry, such as for mushrooms, is a complex and strategic process. It significantly impacts supply chain performance owing to the perishability and quality sensitivity of the products involved. Traditionally, decision-making methods in this area often lack preliminary validation, resulting in suboptimal supplier choice.Purpose: This study aims to integrate bibliometric analysis and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches, particularly the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), to develop a robust data-driven model for supplier selection in the mushroom agroindustry.Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review using the PRISMA framework and bibliometric analysis of Scopus-indexed articles identified the most relevant MCDM methods. A case study approach involving expert judgment was used to evaluate mushroom suppliers based on the following five criteria: quality, price, delivery, service, and product suitability.Findings/Result: A bibliometric review confirmed that AHP, TOPSIS, and fuzzy logic are the most frequently applied methods. AHP was selected for its strengths in handling both qualitative and quantitative data and validating decision consistency. The results showed that Supplier A had the highest overall score (0.389), followed by Supplier C (0.345) and Supplier B (0.266), with a consistency ratio (CR) below 0.10, validating the assessments.Conclusion: Integrating bibliometric analysis with MCDM methods offers a more objective and evidence-based approach to supplier selection. The developed model enhances decision accuracy, supports strategic sourcing, and ensures quality and timeliness in highly perishable product supply chains.Originality/value (State of the art): This study pioneers the direct integration of bibliometric insights into an MCDM-based decision-making framework applied in a real-world agroindustry context. The methodology is replicable and adaptable across various industries facing similar supplier evaluation challenges.
Keywords: supplier selection, multi-criteria decision making, analytic hierarchy process, bibliometric
Factors Associated with Adherence to Renal Diet among Dialysis Patients in Private Dialysis Center: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFThis study is aimed to assess the adherence status of renal diet, determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics, dietary knowledge, nutrition literacy, and perception of recommended diet and fluid, while also identifying significant factors that play a role in influencing adherence to the renal diet within this specific healthcare setting. This cross-sectional study with purposive sampling recruited 71 of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients attending private dialysis centers in Selangor. Information on sociodemographic data, the End Stage Renal Disease Adherence Questionnaire (ESRD-AQ), the Dialysis-Related Dietary Knowledge Questionnaire (DDKQ), and the Dialysis Specific Nutrition Literacy Scale (DSNLS) were collected. The findings revealed that renal diet adherence of the respondent was 50.7%. The number of comorbidities, perception of recommended diet, and difficulty in watching diet recommendations were associated with adherence to renal diet among the participants. Further analysis using multivariate logistic regression revealed that the number of comorbidities (AOR=9.22, 95% CI:2.10˗40.47) and the difficulty in watching diet recommendations (AOR=0.04, 95% CI:0.003˗0.13) were significant determinants of dietary adherence. Dialysis patients with a higher number of comorbidities have a stronger likelihood of dietary adherence, meanwhile those with difficulty in watching diet recommendations have a higher tendency to non-adherence to renal diet. Thus, the difficulty identified should be overcome to improve renal diet adherence in the future