Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Analisis Keragaman Komunitas Bakteri pada Lambung Madu Lebah Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, dan Tetragonula laeviceps: Analysis of Communities Bacterial Diversity on Bees Honey Stomach from Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, and Tetragonula laeviceps
Get PDFBees are one of the pollinators that a honey producing agent as well. Honey derives from nectar that stored and procees in honey stomach. The quality of honey is determined by physical, chemical and microbes in the honey stomach as well. This study was aimed to analyze the diversity of bacterial communities (bacterial metagenome) derived from bee’s honey stomach of A. mellifera, A. cerana, and T. laeviceps using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) method. Previous researches of bacterial communities are more focused on the entire digestive tract, which is not specifically in honey stomach of the bees. The diversity of bacterial communities showed differences among three bee’s species. The number one of A. cerana has the highest number of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), i.e., 15 OTUs compared to the other sample. While the T. laeviceps number two show the highest percentage of OTU dominant at 59.4%. The bacterial community in bees honey stomach of A. mellifera, A. cerana, T. laeviceps the similarity of bacteria from phylum Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Fusobacteria. Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla are found only in A. cerana honey stomach
Marketing Research for Market Share Development of Retail Feed Products in The Jabodetabek Area
Get PDFMarket research has the main function of understanding products, evaluating, predicting, knowing consumer needs and wants, so that companies can find product gaps that can be developed in the long term. This study aims to evaluate marketing strategies by understanding consumer behavior, evaluating consumer behavior and preferences (Understanding), and evaluating consumer needs and wants (Predicting). evaluating the current position of retail feed products (Controlling) and market share progress. The method used is primary data collection through surveys, interviews and direct observations conducted at Shops or Poultry Shops in the Jabodetabek area, while secondary data is taken from the sales report sources at PT New Hope Indonesia (NHI). Based on information from the results of market research, it can be a basis for determining what retail feed products need to be marketed, namely retail feed for native broiler chickens, roosters, hybrid meat ducks and quail, this is proven by the sales volume of retail feed products, namely native chickens, increased by 8-10%, roosters 107%, meat ducks 20%, and quail 20% compared to 2021 when market research was conducted. Theconclusion of the market research conducted indicates that a research-based approach can help feed companies to be more adaptive to market dynamics and consumer needs, thereby supporting market share growth in the Jabodetabek area
Pengaruh Komposisi Susu Cair terhadap Sifat Reologi dan Potensi Risikonya pada Kecukupan Proses Termal
Get PDFThe viscosity and density of liquid milk are influenced by temperature and composition. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of differences in liquid milk composition on rheological properties and assess its potential risk to the adequacy of the thermal process. The liquid milk used in this research included fresh milk from three different regions, full-fat recombinant milk (fat content >3%), partially skimmed recombinant milk (fat content >0.5%), and recombinant milk with cocoa solids (fat content >2%). The results showed that in 2022, fresh milk samples from West Java, Central Java, and East Java had total solids of 11.7±0.14%, 11.5±0.14%, and 12.1±0.19%, respectively; fat content of 3.6±0.15%, 4.0±0.13%, and 4.0±0.13%; and protein content of 2.9±0.04%, 2.9±0.06%, and 3.0±0.06%. All samples exhibited Newtonian fluid behavior, with density and viscosity decreasing as temperature increased. Differences in the density and viscosity of liquid milk affected the maximum flow speed in the holding tube but did not significantly impact the F₀ value. In sterilization practices with F₀ values ranging from 5.2 to 10.9 minutes, variations in maximum flow rates among fresh milk from different regions and different types of recombinant milk did not pose a risk to food safety, as the adequacy of the thermal process was still achieved (F₀>3.0 minutes)
Optimasi Proses Maserasi Vanili (Vanilla tahitensis JW Moore) Kering pada Produksi Ekstrak Vanili Menggunakan RSM
Get PDFThe vanilla extraction process is widely practiced in Indonesia for Vanilla planifolia Andrews. However, with the growing popularity of Vanilla tahitensis JW Moore, this variety shows potential to replace Vanilla planifolia Andrews. As a result, an efficient and optimized extraction method is essential for Vanilla tahitensis JW Moore. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the maceration process, aiming to produce a vanilla extract with the most desirable characteristics. The key parameters evaluated included extraction effectiveness, final ethanol content, hedonic (aroma) test score, lightness, and total soluble solids. Based on the RSM results, the optimal conditions were determined to be a 60% ethanol concentration and a 28-day maceration time, with a desirability value of 0.786. Verification experiments validated these predictions, achieving an extraction effectiveness of 79.13%, ethanol content of 58.60%, a hedonic score of 4.36, lightness of 4.66, and total soluble solids of 20.28 °Brix. All outcomes fell within the 95% prediction interval. The vanilla extract produced meets the US-FDA standards, which require a minimum ethanol content of 35% v/v in the final product. The resulting extract is of high quality, with a rich vanillin aroma and a dark brown color that is well-accepted
EFFECTIVENESS OF MEASURED FISHING POLICY AND POST-PRODUCTION NON-TAX STATE REVENUE MECHANISM AT KLIDANG LOR COASTAL FISHERIES PORT, CENTRAL JAVA
Get PDFCapture fisheries play a crucial role in Indonesia\u27s economy; however, their sustainability is threatened by uncontrolled fishing practices. This study analyzes the implementation of the Measured Fish Catch (PIT) policy and the post-production Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP) payment mechanism at the Klidang Lor Coastal Fisheries Port (PPP) in Central Java. The research was conducted in early 2024 using a descriptive approach, involving 33 fishermen selected through purposive sampling. The results indicate that the migration of fishing vessel business permits to the central authority, in accordance with Government Regulation No. 11 of 2023, has been effectively implemented. Most fishermen did not encounter difficulties in reporting the Self-Assessment Report (LPM) and paying PNBP. However, issues related to the availability of weighing equipment and inaccuracies in completing the LPM still need to be addressed. The PNBP payment system based on catch volume at PPP Klidang Lor has been running efficiently and effectively, with an increase in post-production PNBP collection since March 2023. These findings contribute to the sustainable and equitable management of fisheries and can serve as recommendations for policymakers to enhance governance in the fisheries sector.
Key words: capture fisheries, management, post-production Non-Tax State Revenu
Pathological findings of traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome in a domestic cat
Get PDFLaporan kasus sindrom gangguan pernapasan akut (ARDS) pada kucing yang terjadi akibat kejadian traumatik belum banyak dibahas. Hasil nekropsi yang dilakukan pada kucing yang diketahui mengalami kejadian traumatik (tertabrak kendaraan bermotor) dapat memberikan gambaran umum mengenai temuan patologis ARDS. Temuan patologis dari hasil nekropsi antara lain adanya cairan berbusa berwarna merah muda kemerahan di trakea, perdarahan, dan petekie di paru-paru, disertai penumpukan darah di rongga pleura (hemothorax). Kerusakan otak akut akibat daerah kepala tertabrak kendaraan bermotor, sehingga bentuk kepala menjadi asimetris, juga menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian pada kucing ini.Case reports of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in cats that occurs due to traumatic events have not been widely discussed. The results of a necropsy performed on a cat that was known to have experienced a traumatic event (run over by a motor vehicle) can provide an overview of the pathological findings of ARDS. The pathological findings from the necropsy results included the presence of pink rose-colored foamy fluid in the trachea, hemorrhage, and petechiae in the lungs, accompanied by blood accumulation in the pleural cavity (hemothorax). Acute brain damage due to the head region being run over by a motor vehicle, such that the head shape becomes asymmetrical, is also one of the main causes of death in this cat
Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus in Cattle and Goats from the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia
Get PDFThis study investigates the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) in livestock from Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang, Malaysia. Nasopharyngeal swabs from 290 goats and 106 cattle were processed using an improved transport and enrichment method. Staphylococci were identified via PCR targeting the nucA and mecA genes, with antimicrobial susceptibility determined according to CLSI and EUCAST guidelines. Among 396 isolates, 55 (13.9%) were identified as S. aureus, including one MRSA isolate (0.25%), and methicillin resistance was detected in 31 CoNS isolates (7.8%), predominantly from goats. Fourteen of the MRCoNS isolates exhibited multidrug resistance to 3 to 7 antibiotic classes, with 47.2% of CoNS isolates being resistant to fusidic acid, raising concerns about zoonotic transmission and public health risks. The prevalence of staphylococcal colonization and methicillin resistance was higher in goats than in cattle, suggesting that environmental exposures, management practices, and antibiotic use contribute to the resistance patterns. The findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced biosecurity measures, prudent antibiotic use, and expanded surveillance to address antimicrobial resistance in livestock. A One Health approach that integrates human, animal, and environmental health is essential to mitigating the spread of resistance. This study provides baseline data to guide future research, interventions, and policies in reducing public health risks associated with MDR staphylococci in livestock
Pengaruh Substitusi Pakan Komersial dengan Pakan Hasil Samping Agroindustri pada Babi Fase Grower: Effect of Agroindustrial By-Product as Commercial Feed Substitution on Grower Phase Pigs
Get PDFThis research was conducted to determine the impact of substituting commercial feed with agroindustrial by-product feed on the growth performance of pigs in the grower phase and the benefits obtained by farmers. A total of 20 pigs aged 18 weeks were tested in a randomized block design with four treatments and five replications. The feed treatments were P0= commercial feed (CP 552), P1= 50% CP552 and 50% agroindustry feed, P2= 100% agroindustry feed, and P3= P2 feed with the addition of phytase and mannase enzymes. The results showed that feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion were not significantly different among the treatments. The digestibility of the P0 was significantly higher than that of P1, P2, and P3 (p<0.05). The digestibility of the P3 was not significantly different from that of the P1; however, it was significantly higher than P2 (p<0.05). The IOFC of P2 was higher than P0 and P1, while P3 resulted in the highest IOFC among treatments. It can be concluded that utilizing feed containing agro-industrial by-products could substitute 100% of commercial feed in growing pigs and provides 60% higher income than commercial feed. Moreover, additional phytase and mannase enzymes on agroindustrial by-products feed might provide 89% higher income than commercial feed.
Key words: agroindustry, by-products, commercial feed, pigs, substitutio
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI EMULGEL SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYEMBUHAN LUKA DENGAN KOMBINASI MAGGOT BSF (Hermetia Illucens) DAN BATANG BROTOWALI (Tinospora crispa Linn): Formulation And Evaluation Of Emulgel As An Alternative For Wound Healing With A Combination Of Maggot BSF (Hermetia Illucens) And Brotowali Stem (Tinospora crispa Linn
Get PDFBSF maggots contain protein ranging from 40-50%, which plays a crucial role in formation of new tissue in wounds, and fat content of 29-32%, which aids in collagen and epithelial tissue regeneration. The stem of brotowali acts as an antibacterial agent due to its flavonoid compounds, which form complexes with proteins and damage bacterial cell membranes. This study aims to determine the formulation and evaluation of the best emulgel preparation combining BSF maggots (Hermetia illucens) and brotowali stems (Tinospora crispa linn) as an alternative wound healing treatment. The formulations developed include F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5. F5 was identified as the best formulation, and evaluations were conducted through organoleptic tests, pH measurements, homogeneity, viscosity, adhesion, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the emulgel is white in color, has a distinctive odor, good consistency, pH suitable for skin, good homogeneity, good viscosity, adequate adhesion, and strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone of 14 mm
ROOTINE: PROTOTIPE ASISTEN RAWAT TANAMAN DENGAN API VISUALCROSSING
Get PDFBerkebun diyakini sebagai salah satu alternatif manajemen stres karena menggabungkan aktivitas fisik dengan kesenangan dalam merawat tanaman. Namun, bagi pemula, kurangnya pengetahuan dapat menjadi hambatan dan menimbulkan berbagai masalah dalam proses berkebun. Oleh karena itu, dirancang sebuah prototipe asisten rawat tanaman berbasis aplikasi mobile untuk membantu para pemula memulai kegiatan berkebun. Prototipe ini dikembangkan menggunakan metode Evolutionary Prototype serta memanfaatkan API Visual Crossing dan OpenAI sebagai pendukung utama fitur-fitur yang tersedia. Aplikasi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan panduan dan rekomendasi berbasis cuaca serta bantuan interaktif agar proses berkebun menjadi lebih mudah dan menyenangkan bagi pemula