Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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In Vitro Anthelmintic Evaluation of Acanthophora spicifera Macroalgal Extract Against Haemonchus contortus in Sheep
Get PDFThis study investigated the chemical composition and anthelmintic activity of Acanthophora spicifera against Haemonchus contortus from sheep in vitro. Fresh macroalgae were collected from Sepanjang Beach, Gunungkidul, Indonesia. Proximate analysis, fiber fractions, mineral composition, and color profile analysis were conducted to determine chemical profile of the macroalga. It was extracted by maceration with 96% ethanol (1:5) and ultrasonication. Secondary metabolites analyzed from the extract included total flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and saponins. The anthelmintic activity was tested in vitro through H. contortus adult worm motility and egg hatch inhibition tests. Extract treatments included P0: 0.9% physiological NaCl (negative control); P1: 0.5 mg/mL macroalgal extract; P2: 1 mg/mL macroalgal extract; P3: 1.5 mg/mL macroalgal extract; and Palb: 0.5 mg/mL albendazole (positive control). Motility test results showed that the use of macroalgae at levels of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/mL significantly reduced H. contortus motility (p<0.05). However, effective LD₅₀ was reached in 1 and 1.5 mg/mL within the first 10 hours, and LD₁₀₀ after 21 hours (p<0.05). None of the extract levels matched the efficacy of albendazole (p<0.05). The egg hatch inhibition test revealed that the use of macroalgae at levels of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/mL significantly inhibited H. contortus egg hatching by more than 85.73% after 24 hours (p<0.01), demonstrating comparable efficacy to albendazole. Based on these findings, A. spicifera extract contains various secondary metabolites with anthelmintic activity, inhibiting both H. contortus adult worm motility and egg hatching. This suggests that A. spicifera has potential for further development as a bioanthelmintic for ruminant parasite control, although further in vivo studies are needed
Synergistic Impact of Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin and Moringa Leaf Extract on Post-Thaw Boar Sperm Kinematics
Get PDFStructural and functional damage during cryopreservation usually impairs the quality of boar sperm, especially post-thaw motility and kinematic performance, which restricts its use in artificial insemination programs. Cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) and moringa leaf extract (MLE) are considered possible cryoprotective additives because they are membrane-stabilizing and antioxidants. The study investigated the possible synergistic effect of the Tris-egg yolk (TY) extender in combination with CLC and MLE on the motility and kinematics properties of thawed boar sperm, as identified in a Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) system. Ejaculates of four healthy boars were diluted with Tris-based extender without or with CLC (1 or 2 mg/mL), MLE (1 or 1.5 mg/mL), or both, and frozen with a conventional protocol. Kinematic variables alongside progressive and fast motility were included as post-thaw tests. The findings showed that combination treatment of 2 mg/mL CLC and 1 mg/mL MLE (T7) resulted in a significant increase in all sperm motility and kinematic variables compared to the control group (T0) (p<0.05). In particular, T7 had better progressive motility (38.04%), fast motility (22.42%), and higher kinematic variables, especially VCL (106.34 µm/s), VSL (36.28 µm/s), and VAP (45.41 µm/s), and better displacement and trajectory indices. T7 was always better than the single supplementation and other combinations. Finally, the addition of CLC (2 mg/mL) and MLE (1 mg/mL) into the Tris egg yolk extender could be a successful approach towards optimizing semen cryopreservation in boars
Characteristics of Marine Mammal Habitat in Bintuni Bay
Get PDFBintuni Bay is one of the most important areas in Eastern Indonesia with high ecological potential, especially for marine mammals. This study aims to observe the presence of marine mammals and analyse water quality characteristics in Bintuni Bay to understand the environmental dynamics that affect the presence of marine mammals. Marine mammal observations were conducted along a predetermined pathway and seawater quality sampling was conducted at 16 points. Environmental parameters analysed included temperature, salinity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll-a and depth. Parameter determination was based on previous studies of key environmental parameters for marine mammal habitat and available data. Results showed that marine mammals in Bintuni Bay were found in the turbidity interval of 0.2 -16.7 NTU, temperature 24.7-27.4 0C, salinity 21.9 - 29.3 ppt, dissolved oxygen 4.10 - 6.30 mg/L, chlorophyll-a 5.38-49.10 µg/L and depth 10-51 m. This data can be utilized to conduct better environmental management for marine mammals as economic activities in Bintuni Bay increase in the future
Efek Minyak Ikan Lemuru dan Minyak Kelapa Sawit dalam Ransum terhadap Kadar Kolesterol, Kadar Omega-3 dan Omega-6 dan Malondialdehyde (MDA) Daging Ayam Broiler: Effect of Lemuru Fish Oil and Palm Oil in Rations on Cholesterol Levels, Omega-3 and Omega-6 Content and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in Broiler Chicken Meat
Get PDFThe study aimed to evaluate the use of fish oil (FO) and palm oil (PO) in broiler chicken rations on the cholesterol content, omega-3 and omega-6 content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) of broiler chicken breast meat. Two hundred broiler DOCs were used in this study. The DOC was randomized and placed into 20 cage units (4 treatments and 5 replications), then kept for 5 weeks. A completely randomized design was used in the study, with treatments being P0: 3% PO oil, P1: 2% PO and 1% FO, P2: 1% PO and 2% FO, and P3: 3% FO. The variables observed were cholesterol levels, omega-3 and omega-6 content, as well as malondialdehyde in broiler chicken breast meat, and the data were analysed for variance. The results showed that the use of different ratios of FO and PO in rations did not show any significant difference in cholesterol levels, increased omega-3 levels (p<0.05), but showed no effect on omega-6 levels. The treatments did not differ in MDA levels. It concludes that the use of 3% lemuru fish oil produces the highest omega-3 in broiler chicken breast meat compared to other treatments.
Key words: cholesterol, lemuru fish oil, malondialdehyde, omega-3, palm oi
Performa dan Profil Hematologi Itik Hibrida yang Disuplementasi Larutan Tanaman Pegagan (Centella asiatica (Linn) urban) dan Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L) Melalui Air Minum: Performance and Blood Hematology of Hybrid Ducks Supplemented with Pegagan Plant (Centella asiatica (Linn) urban) and Cherry Leaves (Muntingia calabura L) Solution Through Drinking Water
Get PDFThe study aims to evaluate the effect of giving Cherry leaves and Centella asiatica herbs to drinking water on the production performance and hematology profile of hybrid ducks starter. This study used 96 hybrid ducks aged 1 to 14 days, which were fed commercial feed (protein 21-23%) with 3 treatment groups and 4 replications. A completely randomized design was used in this research. The treatments were: P0 (control), P1 (2 ml of Cherry leaves + 3 ml of Centella asiatica solution), and P2 (4 ml of Cherry leaves + 6 ml of Centella asiatica solution). A completely randomized design was used in this experiment, and data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan\u27s Multiple Range Test. The results of the study showed that supplementation of Centella asiatica and Cherry leaves solutions at doses of 5 ml and 10 ml in drinking water in 2-week-old hybrid ducks significantly (p<0.05) reduced body weight gain but did not affect feed consumption and FCR. All treatments showed no difference in hematology profiles and leukocyte differentiation compared to controls. Supplementation of Centella asiatica and cherry leaf solutions in the drinking water did not cause any negative effects on production performance and hematology profile of the hybrid ducks
Bioavalaibilitas Nutrien pada Pakan Berserat dari Limbah Agroindustri dengan Teknologi Pengolahan yang Berbeda: Nutrient Bioavailability of Fibrous Agricultural Residues with Different Processing Technology
Get PDFThe availability of forage in Indonesia is highly fluctuating, thereby hindering the sustainability of ruminant livestock farming. This study was conducted to optimize the potential of waste by improving the quality of nutrients contained therein through appropriate technology. An exploratory study was conducted by applying ammoniation technology using 3% urea and fermentation using 8% Trichoderma viride on several types of agro-industrial waste, including banana stems (ares), corn husks, peanut shells, durian skins, and pineapple skins. The parameters measured included dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, volatile fatty acid concentration, and ammonia nitrogen (N-NH₃) production. The data were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results showed that ammoniation and fermentation treatments altered the nutrient characteristics of the feed materials and increased in vitro nutrient digestibility, particularly improving nutrient availability. Overall, these findings indicate that processing local feed sources through ammoniation and fermentation can improve nutrient availability and represent a promising strategy for developing efficient alternative feed sources for ruminants
Analisis Kecernaan Nutrien dan Hubungan Antar Parameter Ayam Broiler terhadap Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Bambu Apus di Bawah Cekaman Panas: Analysis of Nutrient Digestibility and Inter-Parameter Correlation on Broiler Chicken with Bamboo Leaf Extract Supplementation under Heat Stress
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bamboo leaf extract supplementation on the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fat, and inter-parameter correlation in broiler chickens induced by heat stress. The research material used 200 unsexed broiler chickens with an average weight of 42 g. The research method used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replicates, namely: P0 = commercial feed, P1 = basal feed, P2 = basal feed with 1.5 g kg-1 bamboo leaf extract, and P3 = basal feed with 3 g kg-1 bamboo leaf extract. The research variables included the consumption and digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and crude fat (CF) of broiler chickens. The results showed that the addition of bamboo leaf extract had no significant effect on the digestibility of DM, OM, CP, and CR. However, the treatment with the highest extract level (P3 = 3 g kg-1) showed a better trend in DM (82.05%) and OM (46.48%) digestibility compared to other treatments. These results indicate that bamboo leaf extract has potential as a natural feed additive to support broiler chicken digestion, although the increase observed was not statistically significant. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for the development of natural ingredients in feed as an alternative to conventional additives
DETERMINAN PERTUMBUHAN ASET PADA PERUSAHAAN DAN UNIT USAHA ASURANSI JIWA SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Get PDFAbstract. The average growth of Islamic life insurance assets 2018-2023 is 2,82%, much lower than the average growth of conventional life insurance assets of 14,62%. Low asset growth in Islamic life insurance companies can lead to various risks, including difficulties in fulfilling obligations. This study aims to look at the effect of investment returns, tabarru’ funds, contributions, claims, and return on assets on the asset growth of the Islamic life insurance industry in Indonesia during the 2018-2023 period. The data used is data sourced from the annual financial statements of each company and business unit. This study uses panel data regression analysis with the help of Eviews software. The results showed that simultaneously all variables together had a significant effect on asset growth. Tabarru’ funds and contributions partially have a significant effect on asset growth while the variable investment returns, claims, and return on assets have no significant effect on the growth of Islamic life insurance assets in Indonesia.
Key words: Asset growth, panel data regression, return on asset, sharia life insurance, tabarru’ fundsAbstrak. Rata-rata pertumbuhan aset asuransi jiwa syariah 2018-2023 sebesar 2,82%, jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan rata-rata pertumbuhan aset asuransi jiwa konvensional sebesar 14,62%. Rendahnya pertumbuhan aset pada perusahaan asuransi jiwa syariah dapat menimbulkan berbagai risiko, termasuk kesulitan dalam memenuhi kewajiban. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh hasil investasi, dana tabarru’, kontribusi, klaim, dan return on asset terhadap pertumbuhan aset industri asuransi jiwa syariah di Indonesia periode 2018-2023. Data yang digunakan adalah data yang bersumber dari laporan keuagan tahunan tiap perusahaan dan unit usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi data panel dengan bantuan software Eviews. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan aset. Dana tabarru’ dan kontribusi secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan aset, sedangkan variabel hasil investasi, klaim, dan return on asset tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan aset asuransi jiwa syariah di Indonesia.
Kata kunci: Asuransi jiwa syariah, dana tabarru’, pertumbuhan aset, regresi data panel, return on asse
Upaya Mendongkrak Perekonomian Melalui Sektor Pengungkit PDB Syariah dan Industri Halal
No full textEkonomi syariah dapat menjadi ujung tombak pembangunan nasional mengingat Indonesia merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk muslim terbesar di dunia. PDB syariah dan industri halal menjadi esensial untuk menjadi perhatian pemerintah. PDB syariah terdiri dari 8 klaster, yaitu makanan dan minuman halal; pariwisata ramah muslim; tekstil, kulit, dan fashion muslim; media dan rekreasi syariah; sediaan farmasi halal dan sediaan fasilitas kesehatan; energi terbarukan; keuangan syariah; dan syariah lainnya. Sektor pengungkit PDB syariah dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan Sistem Neraca Sosial dan Ekonomi (SNSE). Ekonomi syariah menjadi sumber pertumbuhan ekonomi baru jika mengacu pada prioritas nasional ke-2 di RPJMN 2025-2029. Penguatan dilakukan pada industri halal, UMKM halal, ekspor halal dan kerjasama ekonomi syariah internasional, keuangan syariah, dan dana sosial syariah (ZISWAF). Sektor pengungkit PDB syariah ada 7 dari 8 klaster yang ada. Kebijakan terfokus pada sektor pendongkrak dimaksud diharapkan dapat mendukung target pertumbuhan ekonomi 8%.
Pendidikan Berbasis Keberagaman: Strategi Kebijakan untuk Karakter Siswa dan Anti-Bullying
No full textIndonesia menghadapi tantangan besar dalam mewujudkan pendidikan yang berkualitas, berkeadilan, dan berkarakter. Isu utama meliputi ketidakmerataan fasilitas dan pendanaan, khususnya bagi sekolah swasta dan di daerah terpencil; belum optimalnya pendidikan karakter yang ditandai tingginya kasus bullying dan intoleransi; kurikulum yang belum terintegrasi dengan nilai multikultural dan kebutuhan dunia kerja; serta kesejahteraan guru honorer yang masih rendah. Riset membuktikan bahwa pendidikan multikultural, seperti yang diterapkan di SMK Bakti Karya Parigi, efektif membentuk siswa yang lebih toleran dan percaya diri. Namun, penerapannya terhambat oleh kurangnya regulasi, dana, dan fasilitas. Untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut, policy brief ini merekomendasikan penguatan pendidikan berbasis keberagaman melalui kesetaraan dukungan bagi sekolah, khususnya sekolah swasta, perluasan program sekolah multikultural, serta penguatan kebijakan anti-bullying berbasis sekolah. Pengintegrasian nilai multikultural dan pendidikan karakter ke dalam proses pembelajaran perlu didukung oleh pelibatan masyarakat secara terarah dan peningkatan kesejahteraan guru agar tercipta iklim pendidikan yang inklusif, aman, dan relevan dengan kebutuhan masa kini dan kedepannya. Tanpa kebijakan yang terfokus dan berkelanjutan, upaya membangun generasi emas 2045 yang berkarakter dan menghargai kebaragaman akan sulit terwujud