Scientific Journals of Bogor Agricultural University
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Calcareous Algae (Lithothamnium calcareum) as an Alternative Source of Calcium in Commercial Layer Diets
Full text linkCalcareous algae (CA) are an alternative renewable source of organic minerals that are used in poultry feed. However, the optimal CA concentration that can be included in poultry diets and its effect on egg production requires further investigation. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of diets containing varying CA (Lithothamnium calcareum) levels and particle sizes on the performance, mineral balance, quality, and composition of the eggs of commercial laying hens. A completely randomized experimental design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (CA level × particle size) was employed in this study. A total of 210 Dekalb White laying hens were distributed to the following experimental units, with six birds each and five replicates per unit: the control (diet without CA addition) and treatment groups, which were fed with diets containing varying CA levels (1%, 2%, and 3%) and particle sizes (0.128 and 1.114 mm). Productive performance, external egg quality, and percentage of non-viable eggs were not affected by the inclusion of CA in the diets. The inclusion of 2% fine-particle CA reduced (p<0.05) calcium excretion (%) and, consequently, improved calcium retention. Similarly, the inclusion of 2% fine-particle CA decreased phosphorus excretion (p<0.05). The inclusion of 2% and 3% fine-particle CA increased mineral matter retention (p<0.05). Therefore, the inclusion of CA in the diets of lightweight laying hens did not affect productive variables or egg quality. However, 2% fine-particle CA reduced calcium and phosphorus excretion, thereby improving the retention of these minerals
A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Cassava Addition in a Buffalo Diet: In Vivo Investigations on Performance and Rumen Health
Full text linkThis meta-analysis compiles data on buffalo consumption of cassava as a feed ingredient to evaluate its impact on in vivo rumen fermentation, feed intake, nutrient intake, growth performance, digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, haematology, microbiology, and milk yield. A systematic search of Scopus and Web of Science identified 19 in vivo experiments. Cassava varieties were categorized as by-products, foliage, and roots, while buffaloes were stratified based on management system, breed, and sex. A linear mixed model was applied to estimate the effects of cassava inclusion. The findings indicated feed and nutrient intake, particularly crude protein intake and nitrogen retention, increased significantly (p<0.05), while crude protein digestibility showed no significant difference. Microbiological parameters, including total bacterial and fungal counts, also increased significantly (p<0.05), whereas methane production after 24 hours declined significantly (p<0.05). Although production parameters such as body weight, feed conversion, and milk yield were not significantly affected, a trend toward improvement was observed, except for feed conversion. Cassava root and foliage exhibited the highest digestibility and nitrogen retention compared to by-product (p<0.05). A restricted feeding system resulted in higher ammonia (NH3-N) concentrations, protozoa count, and proteolytic and cellulolytic microbial populations compared to ad libitum feeding and an extensive system (p<0.05). Murrah buffaloes showed greater feed intake, while male buffaloes demonstrated higher digestibility (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary cassava, approximately 1.5% to 20.5% DM, potentially stimulates rumen fermentation, nutrient intake, digestibility, and microbiology but has only a modest effect on production parameters. High cassava inclusion may reduce feed acceptability, thereby decreasing feed efficiency
Evaluasi Rekayasa Ekstraksi Biji, Minyak, dan Limbah Habbatussauda (Nigella sativa) terhadap Komponen Bioaktif dan Kemampuan Penghambatan Bakteri: Evaluation of the Extraction Process of Seeds, Oil, and Waste of Black Seed (Nigella sativa) on Bioactive Compound and Bacterial Inhibition Ability
Full text linkThe content of active compounds in natural materials is generally low and highly variable, thus requiring efficient and selective extraction methods. This study aims to evaluate a stepwise extraction process applied to the seeds, oil, and by-products of Nigella sativa (black cumin) to obtain thymoquinone (TQ) and other phytochemicals. The study consisted of four main stages: (1) extraction of HS oil using the cold press method, (2) stepwise extraction using 70% ethanol as solvent, (3) analysis of TQ content and phytochemical compounds in the extracts, and (4) evaluation of the antibacterial activity of habbatussauda oil extracts against pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. Results showed that the cold press method yielded 34.46% oil. Stepwise extraction using 70% ethanol resulted in significant differences (p<0.05) in both yield and TQ content among the seed, oil, and by-product extracts. Among all samples, the ethanol extract from habbatussauda oil exhibited the highest yield and TQ concentration. Furthermore, at a concentration of 100 μg mL⁻¹, this extract inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, without affecting non-pathogenic strains like Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria spp. In conclusion, stepwise extraction using 70% ethanol proved effective in enhancing TQ recovery and demonstrated potential as a phytobiotic agent with selective antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria.
Key words: black seed, phytobiotic, phytochemicals, stepwise extraction, thymoquinon
Perbedaan Pendapatan dan Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Adopsi “SRI” di Kecamatan Bojongsoang Kabupaten Bandung
No full textABSTRAK
Usaha tani monokultur padi dengan menggunakan pupuk dan pestisida anorganik (kimia) akibat dari revolusi hijau berpotensi menjadi masalah lingkungan, salah satu usahatani ramah lingkungan untuk mengatasinya yaitu System Of Rice Intensification (SRI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan pendapatan petani padi yang menerapkan usahatani SRI dengan petani konvensional, mengidentifikasi tingkat adopsi SRI serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi SRI. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata pendapatan petani padi SRI lebih tinggi 2 kali lipat (50,66 %) dari konvensional dengan nilai R/C ratio sebesar 1,59 : 1,35. Hasil produksi dan harga jual padi SRI yang lebih tinggi menyebabkan pendapatan petani SRI menjadi lebih tinggi. Dari keseluruhan responden terdapat 70,83% petani mengetahui SRI dan 29,17% petani yang belum mengetahui SRI, namun sebagian petani yang mengetahui SRI saat ini tidak menerapkannya karena biaya produksi yang tinggi salah satunya yaitu dalam biaya penggunaan pupuk organik. Tingkat adopsi petani terhadap komponen penggunaan pupuk organik dalam SRI berada dalam taraf kadang sesuai anjuran (KSA), namun penerapan keseluruhan komponen SRI berada dalam taraf sering sesuai anjuran (SSA). Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh nyata petani mengadopsi SRI adalah umur, pengalaman bertani, pendidikan, luas lahan garapan, pemanfaatan limbah pertanian, harga premium dan hemat air.
Kata kunci: SRI, pendapatan petani, tingkat adopsi, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi.ABSTRACT
Rice monoculture farming in using fertilizers and inorganic pesticide as the effect of green revolution potentially to be environment problem. One of the friendly environtment farming as the solution is System of Rice Intensification (SRI). The aim of the research is to analyze differences farmer’s income who applying SRI and conventional way, identify adoption level of SRI and influential adoption factors. The result shows average SRI farmer’s income is twice higher from the conventional with 1,59 ;1,35 R/C ratio. Higher production and selling price impacts higher SRI farmer’s income. There are 70,83% from all over respondent know the SRI and the rest (29,17%) don’t know about the SRI. But some who know doesn’t apply it because by it’s high production cost, in this case is organic fertilizers. Adoption level of using organic fertilizers component is in “kadang sesuai anjuran” (KSA) level, but the application of whole SRI component is in “sering sesuai anjuran” (SSA) level. The significant factors in adopting SRI are age, farming experience, education, land area, utilization of agricultural waste, premium price and efficient-water use.
Keywords: SRI (System of Rice Intensification), farmer income, level of adoption, the influential factor
PENGARUH KINERJA ROBOT INTARA TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN KONSUMEN PADA ALAT INFUS HEWAN OTOMATIS BERBASIS IOT
Full text linkPenelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengevaluasi sejauh mana kinerja robot Intara memengaruhi tingkat kepercayaan konsumen terhadap alat infus hewan otomatis, melibatkan analisis regresi sederhana untuk menentukan nilai signifikansinya. Penelitian ini melibatkan 52 responden sebagai sampel penelitian, yang diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner sebagai alat pengukuran, dan data kemudian dianalisis secara manual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan uji dengan analisis statistik model linear sederhana, Koefisien kepastian determinasi, serta uji T, disimpulkan bahwa kinerja robot Intara memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap kepercayaan konsumen terhadap alat infus hewan otomatis
Efficacy of tamarind leaf infusion (Tamarindus indica L.) as an antidiarrheal agent in mice
Full text linkAsam jawa merupakan tanaman herbal yang memiliki khasiat untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit, namun belum ada penelitian ilmiah mengenai aktivitas infusa daun asam jawa sebagai antidiare. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi infusa daun asam jawa yang efektif dalam memberikan efek antidiare pada mencit. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan 30 ekor mencit yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yang terdiri dari kontrol negatif (Tween 80 [1%]), kontrol positif (Loperamid HCl), dan tiga kelompok yang diberi perlakuan infusa daun asam jawa dengan konsentrasi bertingkat (25%, 50 %, dan 100%). Parameter yang digunakan dalam metode proteksi usus adalah frekuensi buang air besar, konsistensi feses, waktu awal terjadinya diare, durasi, dan waktu penyembuhan diare. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan ekstrak infusa daun asam jawa sebagai antidiare memiliki kemampuan menurunkan frekuensi defekasi, meningkatkan konsistensi feses, mencegah terjadinya diare, dan memperlama waktu penyembuhan diare. Hasil uji fitokimia dari infusa daun asam jawa mengandung flavonoid, steroid, dan terpenoid. Semua kelompok ekstrak infusa daun asam jawa memberikan hasil yang efektif sebagai antidiare.Background Bacground Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) is an herbal plant that is used to treat various diseases, but there has been no scientific research on the activity of tamarind leaf infusion as an antidiarrheal.
Objectives This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of tamarind leaf infusion preparation as an antidiarrheal agent through the intestinal protection method and determine the effective concentration for providing antidiarrheal effects in mice.
Methods This study used 30 mice were divided into five groups consisting of negative control (1% Tween 80), positive control (loperamide hydrochloride), and three groups treated with tamarind leaf infusion with graded concentrations (25%, 50%, and 100%). The parameters used in the intestinal protection method were frequency of defecation, stool consistency, time of onset of diarrhea, and duration and recovery time of diarrhea.
Results The phytochemical test results of tamarind leaf infusion contained flavonoids, steroids, and terpenoids. In vivo testing of tamarind leaf infusion in mice at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100% demonstrated the potential antidiarrheal activity of tamarind leaf infusion.
Conclusion Tamarind leaf infusion has antidiarrheal activity, with The best effectiveness at a concentration of 50%
Penanganan Kasus Cystitis Hemoragik pada Kucing Mix Persian di Klinik Hewan Awal Care
Full text linkHemorrhagic Cystitis is an inflammation accompanied by bleeding that occurs in the urinary bladder characterized by thickening of the urinary bladder wall and has clinical symptoms of hematuria or urine with blood, dysuria, abdominal distension and pain when palpated in the abdominal area. Patients with symptoms of weakness, loss of appetite and vomiting. An examination was carried out by a doctor and a pain response was found in the abdomen, after further observation by palpation, an enlarged VU was felt and hematuria was present. The results of the Ultrasonography examination found a thickening of the urinary bladder wall, then a microscopic examination of native urine found red blood cells. Hematology results showed an increase in parameters in leukocytes, and granulocytes and a decrease in platelets indicating acute infection and also bleeding or acute inflammation. A blood chemistry examination showed an increase in BUN and Creatinine levels caused by post-renal Azotemia. The results of the signaling and anamnesis were associated with the results of the supporting examination of the chika cat diagnosed with Hemorrhagic Cystitis and cystotomy treatment was performed. Treatment and handling are done after cystotomy surgery with treatment in the form of antibiotics as causative therapy, musculorelaxants and anti-fibrinolytics as symptomatic therapy, and multivitamins as supportive therapy. Handling is done by giving special diet feed, catheterization, and laser therapy on post-operative wounds.
 
Strategi Pengembangan Eduwisata Aloeland di PT Mount Vera Sejati Kabupaten Gunung Kidul
Full text linkAloeLand is an agribusiness-based educational tourism initiative developed by PT Mount Vera Sejati, integrating aloe vera cultivation with educational tourism activities. This study aims to analyze the existing business model, examine internal and external factors influencing its development, and formulate appropriate strategic recommendations. The findings indicate that AloeLand possesses strengths in diverse customer segments and multiple revenue streams, yet faces challenges related to market segmentation, human resource management, and the lack of standardized operational procedures. Opportunities are identified in the rising interest in educational tourism and potential collaborations with academic institutions, while threats include increasing competition from similar destinations. Strategic recommendations include enhancing aloe vera–centered educational content, strengthening digital engagement, diversifying tourism programs, and improving internal governance. These strategies are expected to improve AloeLand’s competitiveness and ensure its long-term sustainability