Revista del Museo de La Plata
Not a member yet
1463 research outputs found
Sort by
Determinación de maderas carbonizadas procedentes de contextos arqueológicos de la Tradición Guaraní
Get PDFThis paper presents the methodology and results of an exploratory study of taxonomic identification of charcoals sampled in archaeological contexts. The analyzed samples come from two archaeological sites located on the left bank of the upper Uruguay River (municipality of Porto Mauá, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). The sites Barra do Santo Cristo 1 and Três Bocas 2, with radiocarbon dates between ca. 410 and 500 years BP, were residential settlements attributed to the southern Guaraní occupation. While these contexts present low preservation of organic remains, it is common to find scattered charcoals in occupation layer and concentrated in structures interpreted as hearths. For this study, macroscopic observations were conducted on selected charcoal samples from each site and then supplemented with scanning electron microscopy analysis. Based on the anatomical characteristics of the three diagnostic sections, comparison with present types of wood and specific literature, it was possible to determine the taxonomic class of plant macroremains. So far, most of them were assigned to Lauraceae. Finally and according to information provided by this analysis, we propose interpretations about wood availability in the environment, environmental characteristics at the time of the occupations and the selection of wood for fuel.En este trabajo se presentan la metodología y los resultados de un estudio exploratorio de identificación taxonómica de maderas carbonizadas recuperadas en contextos arqueológicos. Las muestras analizadas proceden de dos sitios arqueológicos localizados en la margen izquierda del alto río Uruguay (municipio de Porto Mauá, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). Los sitios Barra do Santo Cristo 1 y Três Bocas 2, con dataciones radiocarbónicas de ca. 410 y 500 años AP, corresponden a asentamientos residenciales asignados a la ocupación guaraní meridional. Si bien estos contextos presentan baja preservación de restos orgánicos, es común encontrar carbones dispersos en la capa de ocupación y concentrados en estructuras interpretadas como fogones. Para la realización de este estudio se llevaron a cabo observaciones macroscópicas en las muestras seleccionadas de cada sitio y posteriormente se las complementó con análisis de microscopía electrónica de barrido. En base a las características morfológicas de las tres secciones diagnósticas, a la comparación con maderas actuales y a la consulta bibliográfica específica fue posible determinar taxonómicamente los macrorrestos vegetales. Un porcentaje mayoritario de ellos fue asignado a la familia Lauraceae. Por último, y de acuerdo a la información aportada por este análisis, se plantean interpretaciones acerca de la vegetación disponible en el ambiente y la selección de maderas como combustible
Análisis taxonómico e inferencias paleoambientales en el sudoeste santafesino. El sitio arqueológico Laguna El Doce
Get PDFThe results of the analysis of more than 9000 faunal specimens from the archeological site Laguna El Doce (General Lopez department, Santa Fe province) are presented in this paper. This site was occupied by humans in different moments of the Holocene. The study of this record is of great interest as it is the major archaeofaunal assemblage recovered in the north of the Pampean Region. The analyzed specimens belong mostly to taxa characteristic of arid or semiarid environments (Lama guanicoe, Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Rhea americana), and exhibit evidence of having been exploited by humans. This sugests that human occupation at the site occurred at a time when weather conditions were different from the current wet cycle. Depending on the species registered (anthropically selected) that constitute a significant sample of those which inhabit the area, this paper also contributes to the paleozoo-geographic interpretation of the area. In addition, the faunal remains presented are qualitatively and quantitatively significant for its use in the interpretation of paleoclimate inferences.Se presentan los resultados del análisis de más de 9000 especímenes faunísticos procedentes de las recolecciones superficiales efectuadas en el sitio arqueológico Laguna El Doce (departamento General López, provincia de Santa Fe). Dicho sitio evidenciaría ocupaciones humanas en diferentes momentos del Holoceno. El estudio de este registro reviste gran interés por constituir el conjunto arqueofaunístico de mayor magnitud encontrado en el norte de la región pampeana. Los especímenes analizados pertenecen -en su mayoría- a taxa característicos de ambientes áridos o semiáridos (Lama guanicoe, Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Rhea americana), y exhiben evidencias de haber sido explotados por el hombre. Ello permitiría inferir que la ocupación humana en el sitio se produjo en un momento en que las condiciones climáticas fueron diferentes a las del ciclo húmedo actual. En función de que las especies registradas (antrópicamente seleccionadas) constituyen una muestra significativa de las que habitaban en el área, este trabajo aporta a la interpretación paleozoogeográfica del mismo. Además, los restos faunísticos presentados son cualitativa y cuantitativamente significativos para su utilización en la interpretación de inferencias paleoclimáticas
El estudio del aprovisionamiento y la circulación de materias primas en el sitio Laguna Seca 2 (partido de General Lamadrid, provincia de Buenos Aires)
Get PDFThe present article analyzes the procurement of lithic raw materials by hunter-gatherer groups that occupied the Laguna Seca 2 site, located in the middle basin of the Salado Creek (General Lamadrid District, Buenos Aires Province), during the Late Holocene. The basin is equidistant to the principal Humid Pampa sub-region rocky outcrops. This makes an ideal scenario to asses which were the principal technological aspects that guided the selection and circulation of the lithic raw materials. The main production objectives for each of the rocks used and the way in which they circulated through the space are also studied. The results show that the most represented raw materials are the orthoquarzite of Sierras Bayas Group and the chert. It is inferred that the production objectives are linked with the production of flakes and unifacial pieces. On the other hand, the mechanisms for rock procurement are raised. This problem involves issues related to the outcrops accessibility and the lithic production goals, aspects that in part are answered through the chaine operatoire analysis of the different raw materials available in the area of the Salado Creek, in particular, and in the Pampean region, in general.En el presente artículo se analiza cómo los grupos cazadores-recolectores que ocuparon el sitio Laguna Seca 2, ubicado en la cuenca media del Arroyo Salado (partido de General Lamadrid, provincia de Buenos Aires), se aprovisionaron de materias primas líticas durante el Holoceno tardío. La cuenca se encuentra equidistante a los principales afloramientos de roca de la subregión Pampa Húmeda, siendo la misma un escenario ideal para conocer cuáles fueron los principales aspectos tecnológicos que guiaron la selección y trayectoria de las materias primas líticas. Se estudian los objetivos de producción sobre cada una de las rocas utilizadas y la forma en que circularon por el espacio. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las materias primas más representadas son ortocuarcitas del Grupo Sierras Bayas y ftanitas. Se infirió que los objetivos de producción están vinculados con la producción de lascas y piezas unifaciales. Por otra parte se plantean los mecanismos de obtención de las rocas. Esta problemática involucra cuestiones relacionadas a la accesibilidad de los afloramientos y a los objetivos de la producción lítica, aspectos que son respondidos, en parte, a través del análisis de las cadenas operativas de las distintas materias primas disponibles en el espacio del área de estudio en particular, y de la región pampeana en general
Paisagem, transformações e sociedade: a área de Boca de las Sierras, Azúl, Província de Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Get PDFThis work is a reflection on the social factors that influence different types of human interventions in space, through analysis of a current case: the Boca de las Sierras landscape (Azul, Buenos Aires Province). This landscape, corresponding to the mountainous area of ??Tandilia, has been relevant for human groups for at least 10,000 years, and is at present a palimpsest that includes actors, valuations and structures from different eras. By means of a quali-quantitative study, we investigated the reasons for the preponderance of projects for the transformation of space rather than those for a nature reserve that would preserve it. We found that the ability of materiality to influence social perceptions, as well as the negotiations between different groups with political, economic or symbolic power are the key to explain this. The archaeologist, by placing him/herself in this context, expands their possibilities to understand the construction of a cultural landscape as well as to intervene in its management. Este trabajo se propone reflexionar sobre los factores sociales que influyen en diferentes tipos de intervenciones humanas del espacio a partir de presentar el análisis de un caso actual: paisaje Boca de las Sierras (Azul, Pcia. de Buenos Aires). Dicho paisaje, correspondiente a la zona serrana de Tandilia, ha sido relevante para los grupos humanos desde hace por lo menos 10.000 años constituyéndose, actualmente, en un palimpsesto que incluye actores, valoraciones y estructuras de diferentes épocas. Mediante un estudio cuali-cuantitativo se indagaron las razones por las que prosperaron proyectos de transformación del espacio antes que el de una Reserva Natural que lo conservara. Se obtuvo que la capacidad de la materialidad para influir las percepciones sociales, así como las negociaciones entre diferentes grupos con poder político, económico o simbólico son la clave para su explicación. El arqueólogo, al situarse en dicho contexto, amplía sus posibilidades para comprender la construcción del paisaje cultural como para intervenir en su gestión. Este trabalho pretende refletir sobre os fatores sociais que influenciam diferentes tipos de intervenções humanas no espaço a partir da apresentação da análise de um caso atual: paisagem de Boca de las Sierras (Azúl, Província de Buenos Aires). Esta paisagem, correspondente à região montanhosa de Tandilia, tem sido relevante para grupos humanos há pelo menos 10.000 anos, constituindo atualmente um palimpsesto que inclui atores, avaliações e estruturas de diferentes épocas. Através de um estudo qualitativo-quantitativo, foram indagados os motivos pelos quais prosperaram os projetos de transformação do espaço antes que o de uma Reserva Natural que o conservara. Foi obtido que a capacidade de materialidade para influenciar as percepções sociais, bem como as negociações entre diferentes grupos com poder político, econômico ou simbólico são a chave de sua explicação. O arqueólogo, quando colocado nesse contexto, expande suas possibilidades de compreender a construção do cenário cultural para intervir em sua gestão
Geologia e paleolimnologia do complexo lagunar "Santa Rosa del Monte", Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Get PDFThree lakes integrate the complex, located within five deflation basins of different ages (Santa Rosa, San Jorge I, II, III & Maipo), which, when at normal hydrological level, constitute a single environment (18.96 sq.km). These typical Pampean plain shallow lakes are situated in an extensive low-relief sedimentary plain of the northeastern region of Buenos Aires Province, 16 km south of San Miguel del Monte City. These lakes are freshwater bodies, regionally called ?lagunas?, located in depressions or basins genetically related to aeolian and hydrologic processes, which have evolved along their geological history from the primitive deep U-shaped profile to the present pan profile. This characteristic is due to the gradual infilling with sedimentary sequences that reach thicknesses of several meters, determining a flat bottom relief and very little depth. Erosion scarps of variable height (0.6 to 4.6 m) composed of different-age sediments are found around its coastal perimeters. The complex is fed mainly by groundwater flow and the water regime is semi-permanent due to unstable water inputs, with wide variations in retained volumes, including desiccation. According to their hydrological and sedimentary characteristics, these environments are phreatic polymictic shallow lakes. From a geological point of view, they are sedimentation basins whose origin and sedimentary contents are linked to the ?post-Ensenadan? geological and climatic events, which acted on the paleo-valleys until they were transformed into the basins that contain the present lakes. Geodynamic processes, by means of combined actions (aeolian, fluviatile, etc.) excavated and shaped the basins. Wind was the main agent that originated the basins by deflation; water acted by river erosion, sheet-wash and slope retreat. Water phenomena eroded terrigenous thresholds until finally connectingall the basins in the complex, and also widened the basins, but did not deepen them. Five lithostratigraphic and three pedostratigraphic units were recognized in the outcroppings, encompassing from Early-Middle Pleistocene to Late Pleistocene and from Upper-Late Pleistocene to the present time. The oldest unit (Ensenada Fm.) forms the lake bedrock. It is made up of sandy siltstones, overlain by Buenos Aires Fm. loess and topped by a truncated paleosol (?Sin Nombre? Geosol). The third unit is a clay dune of La Postrera II Fm., which crops out only in the aeolian mound of Santa Rosa lake. This deposit is formed by pseudo-sandy silt, topped by a truncated paleosol (Puesto Callejón Viejo Geosol). The fourth unit crops out in the aeolian mounds of all the lakes in the complex; it is assigned to La Postrera III Fm., a loess-like deposit also topped by a truncated paleosol (Puesto Berrondo Geosol). Except in the lowest scarps, the top deposit in the region is consists of a thin aeolian mantle of sandy silts, in which the present soil horizons are developing; it also occurs in the infilling lake deposits. This deposit is assigned to La Postrera IV Fm. The youngest subaerial unit is minimal and corresponds to flooding deposits of the recent Alluvium, made up of silty sands intermixed with lake muds located in the lowest scarps and slopes of the lakes,. The infilling sediments of the lake basins were studied from cores of 39 boreholes reaching the lake bedrocks; several meters of different superimposed sedimentary bodies were recognized, which represent different depositional episodes that occurred in these basins throughout their development until generation of the present water bodies. Thus, in this sequence, we found the clastic, epigenetic and biological record of five lacustrine deposits: four paleolimnic environments plus the present one, and three aeolian deposits, which represent eight stratigraphic units, spanning from Late Pleistocene to the present time. The basin bedrocks in Santa Rosa and San Jorge II lakes are overlain by freshwater paleolimnic deposits, composed of silty sands to gravelly muds, authigenic gypsum, carbonates, volcaniclastic minerals and freshwater bioclasts. This deposit is correlated to Luján Fm., La Chumbiada Member. The second sedimentary body is an elongated intra-basin clay dune almost 4 km long, parallel to the eastern coastline of Santa Rosa. This lunette is formed mostly by clay pellets, which confer a pseudo sandy silt texture to the sediment. This unit is correlated to La Postrera I Fm. The third sedimentary body in Santa Rosa and San Jorge II consists of silty sands to sandy muds, clay pellets and abundant bioclasts. This deposit was a freshwater paleoenvironment, which finally become a salt lake, with precipitation of carbonates, gypsum, and bearing euryhaline bioclasts of marine lineage introduced by seabirds, where survival and/or reproduction were possible. This unit is correlated to Luján Fm., Lobos Member. In the SE border of Santa Rosa, another strongly eroded clay dune is superimposed on La Postrera I Fm.; it contains abundant clay pellets, carbonates, clastic gypsum and other minerals. This deposit is correlated to La Postrera II Fm. The beds of the three complex environments contain a fifth highly carbonated sedimentary body, with volcanic ash lenses, scarce clay pellets, gypsum, volcaniclastic minerals and extremely abundant diatoms. The deposit is soft in marly sections and strongly indurated in the calcareous crusts. This unit represents a lacustrine to palustrine paleoenvironment, which in its latter stage became a carbonatic sabkha, essentially marly. These deposits are correlated to Rio Salado Member of Luján Fm.. The former unit is overlain by a sixth deposit of sandy silts and sandy muds, with freshwater organic remains. This sedimentary body is the most recent stratigraphic unit of the paleolimnic record, which is correlated to Luján Fm., Monte Member. The seventh unit is an aeolian deposit of loessic appearance, composed of sandy silts. This deposit represents the last dry stage in the region and the consequent drying of the lakes, synchronous with the accumulation of aeolian mantles on surfaces with wide regional distribution. This unit is correlated to La Postrera IV Fm. The sedimentary cover is represented by the present Alluvium deposits, formed by clastic sediments of different textures (fine gravels to sandy clays), with freshwater animal and plant remains. The Salado River drainage basin has been characterized since the Last Glacial by alternating climatic dry-humid stages that prevail until the present time, coincident with Erhart?s (1956) biostasy (humid) and rhexistasy (dry) concepts, represented by five dry episodes (ES5-ES1) ranging from the Buenos Aires Fm. to the Little Ice Age and five humid episodes (EH5-EH1) post-Buenos Aires Fm. to the present humid stage, evidenced in the succession of infilling sediments in the lake basins and those in the outcroppings throughout this drainage basin. During the dry stages there was a prevalence of deflation, aeolian basin excavation, generation of sabkhas or saline lakes, precipitation of gypsum and carbonates, clay pellet aggregation, appearance of marine lineage euryhaline bioclasts and Aeolian deposit accumulation as extra and intra-basin deposits, leeward from prevailing winds in the lakes. In the humid stages, modelling and alluviation processes prevailed in the aquatic environments and pedogenesis in the outcroppings. The geologic ages and paleoclimatic interpretation were based on the oxygen isotopic stage sequence (OIS4 to 1), the paleomagnetic and radiocarbon dating, the pedogenetic episodes (S4 to S0) and the dune/loess aeolian phases (D5 and D4-L4 to D1-L1) related to Quaternary climatic changes in the southern South America plains. The dry climate episodes were materialized in the intra and extra-basins aeolian deposits, which correspond to the Buenos Aires and La Postrera Formations I to IV. Thus, the Buenos Aires Fm. is represented by Late Pleistocene D5, La Postrera I Fm. by D4-L4 (Late Glacial Maximum) also Late Pleistocene, La Postrera II Fm. by D3-L3 of Upper Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene, La Postrera III Fm. by the D2-L2 of Middle to Late Holocene and La Postrera IV Fm. by D1-L1 of the Little Ice Age of Upper Late Holocene. The EH5-EH1 humid episodes are represented by five infilling deposits: four from aquatic paleoenvironments and those from present environments, four paleosols (S4-S1) and the present soil (S0). In the complex all the deposits are present, and the outcroppings include the paleosols referred to the synchronous pedogenic stages S4, S2, S1 and the S0 of the present soil. This lithostratigraphic and pedostratigraphic set corresponds to the following units of the Luján Fm., in decreasing age: Late Pleistocene La Chumbiada Member and the ?Sin Nombre? Geosol, representing EH5 and the pedogenic stage S4; Upper-Late Pleistocene Lobos Member the EH4 and S3 (absent in the complex); Early to Middle Holocene Río Salado Member and the Puesto Callejón Viejo Geosol to EH3 and S2 or Hypsithermal ; Late Holocene Monte Member and the Puesto Berrondo Geosol to EH2 and S1 or Medieval Maximum, and finally the recent Alluvium and the present soil to EH1 and S0. The pedostratigraphic unit S3 is represented in other areas of the Salado River drainage basin by the Upper-Late Pleistocene La Horqueta Geosol, isochronous to the Luján Fm., Lobos Member. Besides, it should be noted that the units La Postrera Formations I to III are formed by discontinuous deposits, associated to the margins of the generating deflation basins; on the other hand, the La Postrera IV Fm. constitutes a mantle of regional distribution.Tres lagunas integran el complejo, alojadas en cinco cubetas eólicas de diferente edad, que a nivel hídrico normal forman un ambiente único, donde se caracterizaron los aspectos fisiográficos, hidrológicos y geolimnológicos. En los afloramientos se reconocieron cinco unidades litoestratigráficas y tres pedoestratigráficas, que abarcan del Pleistoceno temprano/medio al tardío y del Pleistoceno final al presente. La Formación Ensenada, constituye el sustrato regional, sobre el cual se disponen cuatro unidades eólicas, las Formaciones Buenos Aires, La Postrera II, III, IV, los Geosuelos Sin Nombre, Puesto Callejón Viejo y Puesto Berrondo y, el aluvio reciente. En los lechos se registraron ocho unidades litoestratigráficas: cinco límnicas y tres eólicas. Las límnicas corresponden a los cuatro paleoambientes de la Formación Luján: Miembros La Chumbiada, Lobos, Río Salado y Monte, del Pleistoceno tardío al Holoceno tardío-tardío y el aluvio reciente; las unidades eólicas a las Formaciones La Postrera I y II del Pleistoceno tardío al Holoceno temprano y la IV del Holoceno tardío-tardío. El origen de las primeras cubetas se inició en la etapa seca del ?Bonaerense?, la posterior alternancia climática seco/húmedo generó las otras cubetas. Las etapas secas se caracterizaron por deflación, sabkhas, precipitación de sales y depósitos eólicos. En las húmedas predominó el aluvionamiento y la pedogénesis. Así, el conjunto de depósitos ?posensenadenses? está representado por cinco episodios secos (Glacial Temprano a la Pequeña Edad de Hielo) y cinco húmedos, con acumulaciones límnicas, desde el Miembro La Chumbiada al aluvio reciente y en los afloramientos los suelos sincrónicos S4, S2, S1 y S0.Três lagoas integram o complexo, alojadas em cinco bacias eólicas de diferentes idades, que a nível hídrico normal formam um ambiente único, onde foram caracterizados os aspectos fisiográficos, hidrológicos e geolimnológicos. Nos afloramentos foram reconhecidas cinco unidades litoestratigráficas e três pedoestratigráficas, que abarcam do Pleistoceno inicial/médio ao tardio e do Pleistoceno final ao presente. A Formação Ensenada constitui o substrato regional, sobre o qual estão dispostas quatro unidades eólicas, as Formações Buenos Aires, La Postrera II, III, IV, os Geosolos Sin Nombre, Puesto Callejón Viejo e Puesto Berrone, e aluviões recentes. Nos leitos foram registradas oito unidades litoestratigráficas: cinco límnicas e três eólicas. As límnicas correspondem aos quatro paleoambientes da Formação Luján: Membros La Chumbiada, Lobos, Rio Salado e Monte, do Pleistoceno tardio ao Holoceno tardio-tardio, e ao aluvião recente; as unidades eólicas correspondem às Formações La Postrera I e II do Pleistoceno tardio ao Holoceno inicial e IV do Holoceno tardio-tardio. A origem das primeiras bacias se iniciou na fase seca do "Bonaerense", a posterior alternância climática seco/úmido gerou as outras bacias. As fases secas foram caracterizadas por deflação, sabkhas, precipitação de sais e depósitos eólicos. Nas úmidas predominaram o aluvionamento e a pedogênese. Assim, o conjunto de depósitos "pós-ensenadenses" é representado por cinco episódios secos (Glacial Inicial à Pequena Idade do Gelo) e cinco úmidos, com acumulações límnicas, desde o Membro La Chumbiada ao aluvião recente e nos afloramentos os solos sincrônicos S4, S2, S1 e S0
As relações entre a paisagem, as narrativas e a práxis arqueológica em Cusi Cusi (Rinconada, Jujuy): um olhar hermenêutico.
Get PDFIn this paper we propose a critical reflection on Landscape Archaeology, through an example from Cusi Cusi (Rinconada, Jujuy) to attain a Dialogical Archaeology arising from the interests of local communities and putting local and scientific narratives on an equal footing. To this end, we suggest that inhabiting a landscape is interpreting it, from a bodily and narrative perspective. Therefore, all inhabiting, including archaeological practices, produces landscape narratives. To define the different ways of inhabiting the landscape in Cusi Cusi, we use the concept of ?landscape logic? that allowed us to interpret five logics, corresponding to different occupational moments and including the narratives of present people. We consider that interpretations built from a scientific episteme and local narratives must be part of a dialogue in order to achieve an Archaeology that reflects both community and scientific interests. En este trabajo proponemos una reflexión crítica sobre la Arqueología del Paisaje a través de un ejemplo procedente de Cusi Cusi (Rinconada, Jujuy, Argentina) con el objetivo de lograr una Arqueología Dialógica que surja de los intereses de las comunidades locales y coloque en relación de igualdad las narrativas locales y las científicas. Para ello proponemos que habitar un paisaje es interpretarlo, desde un aspecto corporal y un aspecto narrativo. En consecuencia, todo habitar produce narrativas del paisaje, incluyendo las prácticas arqueológicas. Para definir las diferentes maneras de habitar que se encuentran involucradas en el paisaje de Cusi Cusi utilizamos el concepto de ?lógica de paisaje? que nos permitió interpretar cinco lógicas del paisaje, correspondientes a los diferentes momentos de las ocupaciones que incluye las narrativas actuales de los vecinos. Consideramos que las interpretaciones construidas desde una episteme científica deben ser puestas en diálogo con las narrativas locales para lograr una Arqueología que refleje los intereses tanto de los científicos como de las comunidades.Neste trabalho, propomos uma reflexão crítica sobre a Arqueologia da Paisagem através de um exemplo de Cusi Cusi (Rinconada, Jujuy, Argentina) com o objetivo de alcançar uma Arqueologia Dialógica que decorra dos interesses das comunidades locais e coloque em relação de igualdade as narrativas locais e científicas. Para isso, propomos que habitar uma paisagem é interpretá-la, desde um aspecto corporal e um aspecto narrativo. Consequentemente, todo habitante produz narrativas da paisagem, incluindo práticas arqueológicas. Para definir os diferentes modos de habitar que estão envolvidos na paisagem de Cusi Cusi, utilizamos o conceito de "lógica da paisagem", que nos permitiu interpretar cinco lógicas da paisagem, correspondentes aos diferentes momentos das ocupações que inclui as narrativas atuais da vizinhos. Consideramos que as interpretações construídas a partir de uma epistemologia científica devem ser colocadas em diálogo com as narrativas locais para alcançar uma Arqueologia que reflita os interesses dos cientistas e das comunidades
II Jornadas Argentinas de Aracnología - Libro de Resúmenes
Get PDFII Jornadas Argentinas de Aracnología- Libro de Resúmenes19 al 21 de septiembre de 2018CCT CONICET La PlataOrganizado por:CEPAVE: Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICETINIBIOLP - Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata -CONICET Comisión Organizadora Alda GonzálezMónica CunninghamFernando GarcíaAldana LainoSergio Rodríguez GilSofía RomeroCecilia GabelloneAndrea ArmendanoSandra GonzálezGuillermo ReboredoLuis Giambelluca Colaboradores Pablo AddamoFlavia CassinelliNicolás LischettiKevin PonsFrancisco GiambellucaCarolina Abril CasanovasMatías Bianc
Desconstruindo antecedentes: a definição de paisagens arqueológicas em Londres (Catamarca) através de publicações científicas
No full textIn an area for which the literature can be traced back over a hundred years, the Quimivil Valley in Londres, Catamarca, we ask ourselves how we can build our theoretical background and which possibilities are enabled as we consider these backgrounds to be ?useful? products related to our scientific goals. Independently of the particularities of any subject, the way in which we generate and interpret our backgrounds can be helpful to trigger constructive reflections over which we can assume a stance relative to the uses of the past. If not, we run the risk of implicitly generating false ideological adscriptions by omitting critique. We aim to examine the theoretical propositions that emerge from the analysis of backgrounds corresponding to this area in order to situate and endow them with historicity, with the purpose of making explicit how we understand (ourselves) in a relation characterized by multiple bonds between our empirical archaeological referents, previous interpretative productions, our current goals and our accepted responsibility as producers of ?scientific truth?. Based on the use of a hermeneutic approach, we ask which are the scientific and archaeological backgrounds that have been most relevant in the (implicit or explicit) generation of landscape models for the Quimivil Valley. Rather than asking what has been said about the archaeological landscapes in the area, we ask: Which are the ways of looking upon the landscape that have been legitimized through the unspoken and historical mechanisms of scientific objectification? To what extent is it possible to rescue them, make them visible and useful to locate ourselves conceptually at a starting point for our future investigations? En un área de estudio cuya literatura existente remonta a cien años, el Valle del Quimivil en Londres, provincia de Catamarca, nos preguntamos cómo construir nuestros antecedentes y qué posibilidades nos pueden habilitar en tanto los concibamos como productos ?útiles? a nuestros fines de investigación. Independientemente de las particularidades de cualquier tema de estudio, la forma en que generamos e interpretamos nuestros antecedentes puede servir de disparador para reflexiones constructivas que resulten en una toma de posición en torno al uso del pasado, o bien correr el riesgo de generar falsas adscripciones ideológicas de forma implícita por omisión de la crítica. Nos proponemos examinar los enunciados de peso teórico que surgen del análisis de los antecedentes de la zona para dotarlos de historicidad y situarlos con el fin de explicitar cómo es que (nos) entendemos en una relación caracterizada por vínculos múltiples entre nuestros referentes arqueológicos empíricos, las producciones interpretativas previas, nuestros objetivos actualizados y nuestras asumidas responsabilidades como productores de verdad científica. Desde las posibilidades que brinda el uso de una metodología hermenéutica, nos preguntamos cuáles son los antecedentes científicos y arqueológicos más relevantes que han generado (explícita o implícitamente) modelos de paisaje para la región del valle del Quimivil. Diferente a preguntarnos qué es lo que se ha dicho sobre los paisajes arqueológicos de la zona, nos preguntamos: ¿Cuáles son las miradas sobre el paisaje que han sido legitimadas a través de los mecanismos históricos y tácitos de objetivación científica? ¿En qué medida podemos rescatarlos, visibilizarlos y utilizarlos para ubicarnos conceptualmente en un punto de partida para nuestras próximas interpretaciones? Em uma área de estudo cuja literatura existente remonta a cem anos, o Vale do Quimivil em Londres, Província de Catamarca, nos perguntamos como construir nossos antecedentes e quais possibilidades podem nos permitir, à medida que as concebemos como produtos "úteis" para nossos objetivos de pesquisa. Independentemente das particularidades de qualquer assunto de estudo, a forma como geramos e interpretamos nossos antecedentes pode servir como um desencadeante para reflexões construtivas que resultam em uma posição sobre o uso do passado, ou correr o risco de gerar falsas informações ideológicas implicitamente por omissão de críticas. Propomos examinar os enunciados de peso teórico decorrentes da análise dos antecedentes da área para dotá-los de historicidade e colocá-los para explicar como (nos) entendemos em uma relação caracterizada por múltiplos elos entre nossas referências arqueológicas empíricas, produções interpretativas anteriores, nossos objetivos atualizados e nossas responsabilidades assumidas como produtores de verdade científica. A partir das possibilidades oferecidas pelo uso de uma metodologia hermenêutica, nos perguntamos quais são os antecedentes científicos e arqueológicos mais relevantes que geraram (explícita ou implicitamente) modelos de paisagem para a região do Vale de Quimivil. Diferentemente de nos perguntar o que foi dito sobre as paisagens arqueológicas da área, nos perguntamos: quais são os pontos de vista sobre a paisagem que foram legitimados através dos mecanismos históricos e tácitos de objetivação científica? Em que medida podemos resgatá-los, torná-los visíveis e usá-los para nos situar conceitualmente em um ponto de partida para nossas próximas interpretações
Mayólicas en el Fuerte Sancti Spiritus (1527-1529). Propuesta analítica y resultados provisionales
Get PDFIn this paper we present the study of the majolica pottery recovered in the excavation works of the Fort Sancti Spiritus (Puerto Gaboto locality, Santa Fe Province). We analyzed 100 shards with different composition, shape and surface treatment. Following American literature they could be ascribed to different ?types?. These categories make possible identifying and dating the archaeological pottery according to their morphological and decorative features. However, the link with their production centers is not already defined in a decisive way. The implementation of archaeometrical techniques encourages the construction of pottery typologies based on other aspects of the technology, beyond morphology and decoration. Our analysis, based on diagnostic technological traits, mainly the paste, allows us moving forward in the study of the majolica of the Fort Sancti Spiritus, and proposing a link to their production centers. After taking into account these important issues, and looking at the semiotic features of the majolica, we will try to understand the diversity recorded in the majolica assemblage recovered in the Fort Sancti Spiritus.Este trabajo es una aproximación a la mayólica recuperada en las excavaciones del Fuerte Sancti Spiritus (1527-1529), ubicado en la desembocadura del río Carcarañá en el Coronda (localidad de Puerto Gaboto en la provincia de Santa Fe). Fueron analizados 100 fragmentos de mayólica los cuales presentan diferentes composiciones, formas, tamaños y acabados de superficie. Los mismos pueden ser adscriptos a diferentes ?tipos? según la bibliografía americana, la cual permite identificar y ubicar cronológicamente estos ítems arqueológicos de acuerdo a determinados atributos formales y decorativos. Sin embargo, la vinculación con los centros productores pocas veces queda definida. La implementación de técnicas arqueométricas favorece la construcción de tipologías cerámicas basadas en otros aspectos de la tecnología, más allá de su morfología y decoración. Este análisis basado en rasgos tecnológicos diagnósticos, específicamente en las pastas, permite avanzar en el estudio de las mayólicas del Fuerte Sancti Spiritus, vinculándolas a sus centros productores. Tras atender a las cuestiones expuestas, y enfocando directamente a sus propiedades semióticas, se tratará de comprender la diversidad documentada en el corpus de mayólica recuperado en el Fuerte Sancti Spiritus
Investigaciones bioarqueológicas en la laguna Chadilauquen, Embajador Martini, departamento Realicó, provincia de La Pampa. Segunda etapa
Get PDFIn this paper we present the results of the analysis of archaeological evidence recovered since 1989 during different archaeological and bioarchaeological fieldworks at Chadilauquen lagoon, located about five km SE from the town of Embajador Martini (Realicó district, La Pampa Province, Argentina). The aim of this second stage was to contribute with new information obtained from new naturally exposed archaeological evidence and to compare and evaluate it with the information obtained in previous fieldworks. Post deposit factors were analyzed to provide a more accurate characterization on the formation processes that took place and determined the distribution of findings as well as the sedimentary removal phenomenon observed at the NE margin of the lagoon. The new findings were found in a similar topologic position than those recovered between 1989 and 1994. On April 2003, due to a formal invitation from the County authorities, the works at the lagoon were renewed. In the year 2005 adequate climatic conditions as well as the decrease of water level made possible to continue systematic research at the place. In 2009, bone and dental samples were obtained for AMS dating and sent to the University of Arizona. Several chemical analyses were performed at the University of Arizona as well as at the University of South Florida. Results suggest the existence of different episodes of human occupation potentially verifiable at least from two stratigraphic levels. Possible chronologic differences throughout the Holocene and the existence of chronologic as well as cultural variation in a general isotopic C3 pattern are discussed.Se presentan los resultados obtenidos a partir del análisis de evidencia arqueológica recuperada desde 1989 durante trabajos arqueológicos y bioarqueológicos en la laguna Chadilauquen, a 5 km al SE de Embajador Martini, depto. de Realicó, prov. de La Pampa. El objetivo de esta segunda etapa fue aportar información relacionada con nuevos materiales expuestos por la acción de agentes erosivos y evaluarlos conjuntamente con aquellos obtenidos en campañas anteriores. Los nuevos hallazgos fueron encontrados en posición topológica similar a los recuperados entre 1989 y 1994. Se analizaron factores post-depósito para proporcionar una caracterización más ajustada sobre los procesos de formación del lugar y del fenómeno de remoción sedimentaria observado sobre la margen NE de la laguna. En abril de 2003, mediando invitación expresa del Municipio, se renovaron los trabajos en la laguna. Recién en el año 2005 se dieron las condiciones climáticas adecuadas que, junto con el necesario descenso de las aguas, posibilitaron la continuación de los trabajos sistemáticos. En el año 2009, se obtuvieron muestras de materiales óseos y dentales a fin de realizar sobre ellos tanto dataciones por AMS (Universidad de Arizona) como análisis químicos (Universidad de Arizona y Universidad de South Florida). Los resultados sugieren la existencia de al menos dos eventos de ocupación potencialmente verificables en diferentes niveles estratigráficos. Se discuten posibles diferencias cronológicas a lo largo del Holoceno y la existencia de variaciones temporales y culturales dentro de un patrón isotópico general de tipo C3