al-Afkar, Journal for Islamic Studies
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Sayyid Muhammad ‘Alawi al-Maliki’s View on Orientalist Criticism of Imam Malik’s Book al-Muwattha’
Get PDFThis study examines Sayyid Muhammad ‘Alawi al-Maliki’s defense against Orientalist critiques of al-Muwattha’, authored by Imam Malik. These critiques primarily focus on the use of mursal (disconnected) hadiths, insufficient attention to the chain of transmission (sanad), and the perception that the book is more a work of jurisprudence than hadith. In his book “Imam Darul Hijrah: Malik Ibn Anas Radiyallahu ‘anhu”, Sayyid Muhammad argues that Imam Malik’s methodology was grounded in rigorous scholarly principles, characterized by high selectivity in assessing both the chain of transmission and the content of hadiths. He asserts that al-Muwattha’ not only reflects the excellence of Madinan traditions but also retains historical and methodological significance in the study of hadith and Islamic jurisprudence. This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach to explore Sayyid Muhammad’s arguments in response to Orientalist critiques, including the views of Carl Brockelmann and Fuat Sezgin, who regarded the book as lacking authority as a hadith reference. The findings reveal that al-Muwattha’ holds a pivotal position in the Islamic intellectual tradition, with its unique methodology integrating hadith and jurisprudence. By refuting Orientalist claims, this study reaffirms the validity of al-Muwattha’ as a primary reference in the study of hadith and Islamic law
Deflation in Islamic Economics: A Solution from the Perspective of Modern Islamic Civilization
Get PDFThe phenomenon of deflation, which is characterized by a general decline in prices, is often considered a major challenge in modern economics because it can trigger economic crises, such as economic contraction and unemployment. In Islamic economics, deflation is not only viewed from a technical angle, but also from a moral and ethical perspective based on the principles of justice, balance, and public good. Islam prohibits practices such as usury and hoarding that exacerbate the effects of deflation, while encouraging wealth redistribution through instruments such as zakat, infaq and waqf.This study aims to examine the solution to deflation based on an Islamic economic perspective and its relevance in facing modern economic challenges. Using a literature-based qualitative-descriptive approach, this research explores the concepts of classical thinkers such as Al-Maqrizi and their application in the era of globalization. The results show that the application of Islamic financial instruments, the strengthening of the real sector, and the elimination of usury can create sustainable economic stability. This solution not only focuses on short-term economic recovery, but also promotes equitable and inclusive growth
Sufi Interpretation: A Fundamental Difference from Philosophical Interpretation
Get PDFThis paper aims to reveal the fundamental differences between tafsir Sufi and tafsir falsafi, focusing on the explanation of tafsir Sufi. The method used in this research is qualitative by using an analytical-descriptive approach through literature study. The results of the discussion of this paper include Sufi interpretation in terms of understanding, then the history surrounding the emergence of Sufi interpretation, where many of its movements were detected after the death of the Prophet, then the limits of Sufi interpretation and differences of opinion in its acceptance accompanied by their respective arguments. In the end, it is necessary to distinguish between Sufi interpretation and falsafi interpretation which is allegedly in contact with one another
The Influence of The Pedagogical Competence of Homeroom Teachers In Improving Student Learning Outcomes In Arabic Language Subjects Muthola'ah
Get PDFThis study examines the effect of teachers' pedagogical competence on student learning outcomes at Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Ponorogo, Indonesia. Teachers' pedagogical competence includes lesson planning, management of teaching and learning interactions, and mastery of learning materials, especially in Muthola'ah subjects. This study uses quantitative methods with the hypothesis that teachers' pedagogical competence affects student learning outcomes. The sample consisted of 71 respondents selected using simple random sampling technique. The data collection techniques used were observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The results showed a significant influence between teachers' pedagogical competence on student learning outcomes. Furthermore, the calculated R value (0.722) exceeds the R table value (0.2335), indicating a strong and positive relationship between the two variables. And based on the table of student scores obtained, paying attention to 71 students as a sample, it can be seen that 9 people or 13% are in the low category, 45 people or 63% are in the medium category, and 17 people or 24% are in the high category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the pedagogical competence of teachers has a significant effect on student learning outcomes at Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Ponorogo
Madrasas in 21st Century Indonesia and the Paradigm Shift in Curriculum Development
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to look at the paradigm of curriculum development in madrasas. The curriculum development should be able to answer the challenges and needs of 21st century learning. This type of research is qualitative with a literature study. Namely, by collecting various kinds of relevant scientific sources to be studied in depth regarding the topic of 21st century madrasas, as well as their development in Indonesia. The results of this study are; first, to face the challenges of the 21st century, madrasah education can relate to 4C-based PAI learning, critcal tingking, collaboration, communication, creativity. To prepare a generation that is superior, morally Islamic and able to compete both academically and non-academically. Second, the effective use of technology in 21st century Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning can integrate smoothly. This is done by utilizing teaching platforms and various supporting media that support Islamic Education learning. The use of technology can enrich learning content, support discussion and cooperation among students, and provide wider access to various learning resources. Thus, students can more easily understand Islamic concepts, apply the values taught in daily life, and develop 21st century skills
Transformation of Cultural Values in Minang-Mandailing Marriage: An Anthropological Study of Islamic Law in West Pasaman Society
Get PDFThis study examines the transformation of cultural values in Minang-Mandailing marriage with the Anthropology approach of Islamic Law in the West Pasaman community. Marriage in the Minang-Mandailing community is not just a social bond, but also a manifestation of customary cultural values that interact with the principles of Islamic law. The West Pasaman community, which consists of various ethnic groups, shows a combination of customary law and Islamic law in the practice of marriage. The research method used is a qualitative approach with case studies in several villages in West Pasaman, which involves in-depth interviews with traditional leaders, religious leaders, and local communities. The results of the study show that there are changes in the implementation of marriage that are influenced by modernization factors, education, and the influence of state law, but still maintain traditional values that are closely related to family honor and social status. On the other hand, Islamic law provides a more egalitarian framework in the rights and obligations of couples in marriage. This transformation of cultural values is also reflected in efforts to harmonize the principles of customary law and Islamic law, which are sometimes conflicting but also complementary. This research is expected to provide insight into the dynamics of the relationship between customary law and Islamic law in the practice of marriage as well as its contribution to social change in the West Pasaman community
Protection of the Rights of Children Born Outside of Marriage in Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Reviewed from the Perspective of the Imam Shafi'i School of Law
Get PDFMarriage serves as a means to establish a legitimate relationship, both religiously and legally, aiming to achieve domestic harmony and offspring. It also intends to preserve the purity of lineage, preventing adultery and its potential impact on descendants and their rights. Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 stipulates that children born outside of a legal marriage possess the same rights as those born within one. However, according to the Imam Shafi'i school of thought, children born outside of a legal marriage do not receive the same rights as children born within a legal marriage. This research aims to examine and compare the positive legal policy of the Constitutional Court's decision with the policies proposed by the Imam Shafi'i school of thought. This study employs a normative legal research method, utilizing a library research approach to gather data from various primary and secondary sources. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis with deductive conclusions. The findings of this research reveal data in the form of the verdict of Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010, the perspective of the Imam Shafi'i school of thought, findings regarding the recognition of a child's status, and findings concerning the protection of the rights of children born out of wedlock. The data analysis yields results in the form of the concept of child protection according to Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 and the Imam Shafi'i school of thought. Furthermore, the research presents findings regarding the legal consequences of the discrepancy between the concept of protecting the rights of children born out of wedlock in Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 and the viewpoint of the Imam Shafi'i school of thought
Ibn Taymiyah's Political Thoughts on Leadership and Its Relevance to the Criteria for Candidates for People's Leaders in Indonesia
Get PDFThe still high level of corruption among people's leaders in Indonesia shows the importance of reviewing the criteria for candidates for people's leaders in this country. In reality, the candidate criteria that have been set so far in the elections have not provided a positive assessment of the leaders who have been elected so far. On this basis, new views are needed to offer criteria for more ideal leaders in the future. Regarding this leadership problem, Ibn Taymiyyah, a great Islamic figure, gave the idea of the concept of an ideal leader in a country. Therefore, this paper aims to intensively reveal Ibn Taymiyyah's political thinking on leadership issues. Next, the author analyzes his thoughts on how relevant they are to the criteria for potential leaders of the people in Indonesia. This research is library research and the data sources used consist of primary data sources from Ibn Taimiyyah's works related to the concept of leadership and secondary data sources, namely books, which are relevant to this research to strengthen arguments and to complement the data from research result. The data analysis technique used by the author in this research is content analysis. The results that the author got from this study are as follows. First, Ibn Taymiyyah paid great attention to the religious aspects of a leader in his political thinking. Second, for Ibnu Taimiyyah, a leader must have at least two criteria which he calls quwwah and amanah. Third, this view is worth reading and reviewing to provide an alternative view for determining the criteria for a more ideal leader candidate in Indonesia. Based on these findings, the author hopes that there will be further studies to determine practical indicators in Ibnu Taymiyyah's ideas so that these ideas are easier to implement in political conditions in Indonesi
Analysis of Education Management in Singapore
Get PDFEducation management is a process of planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating by using existing resources to achieve predetermined goals related to education. The aim of this research is to find out how education units are managed in Singapore, from which we can draw inspiration and important lessons to improve the education system in our country. This research uses the literature study method or literature study. Literature studies can be obtained from various sources, including journals, books, documentation, the internet and libraries. The data used in this research comes from the results of research that has been carried out and published in national and international online journals. Literature study was used to collect information about the management of the education system in Singapore. Next, the collected data will be analyzed systematically to identify relevant research findings and produce appropriate recommendations. The results of the discussion show that Singapore has proven success in having a superior, quality education system and encouraging strong economic growth
Implementation of Multicultural Education at the Asy-Syifa Tsanawiyah Madrasah Balikpapan
Get PDFMulticultural education refers to a term that can be used to describe the challenges and issues related to education in a multicultural society, both in descriptive and normative aspects. Additionally, this concept encompasses an understanding of policy considerations and strategies for multicultural education. The current focus of multicultural education is not only limited to racial, religious, and mainstream cultural groups. Instead, greater attention is given to intercultural education aimed at enhancing understanding and tolerance among individuals from minority groups that have integrated into the mainstream society. MTS Asy-Syifa Balikpapan distinguishes itself in the implementation of multicultural education compared to other schools. The fundamental concept of MTS Asy-Syifa is a boarding school, so it not only imparts instruction and implements multicultural education for all its students but also applies it in daily life within the school environment and beyond. The implementation of multicultural education at MTS Asy-Syifa is not only focused on the learning process but also includes aspects of daily life, creating an environment that supports diversity and tolerance among students