al-Afkar, Journal for Islamic Studies
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A Legal Review of the Implementation of a One-Semester Marriage Guidance Course for Prospective Brides and Grooms at the District/City Ministry of Religion, Religious Affairs Offices
Get PDFThis paper is based on the pattern of Minister Nasaruddin Umar's initiative to implement a one-semester premarital course aimed at reducing divorce rates, specifically noting that a large percentage of marriages (35%) end in divorce, especially among couples married less than five years. The minister identified economic hardship, the age gap, educational disparities, and interfaith marriages as the main factors leading to divorce. The legal framework prescribes programs prioritizing gender equality and well-being, seeking to address the social challenges posed by divorce and improving marital harmony through structured educational initiatives. The discourse identifies the importance of statistical data in shaping effective policies and programs while emphasizing collaborative efforts between various government ministries to improve household quality and resilience. This analysis uses a Normative Juridical approach, which emphasizes the inventory of positive law, legal doctrine, and historical legal studies, with a focus on regulatory frameworks such as the Minister of Religious Affairs Decree and Law No. 1/2019 on Marriage
Cryptocurrency Analysis Used as Marriage Dowry Based on the Views of Ulama in Asahan Regency
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the use of cryptocurrency as a dowry in a marriage contract based on the views of scholars in Asahan Regency. Cryptocurrency, as a form of digital currency that has no physical form and is not controlled by the state financial authority, has triggered a debate in the perspective of Islamic law, especially when used as a dowry which is an important pillar in the marriage contract. This research uses an empirical method with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with scholars from various Islamic organizations in Asahan Regency, such as the local Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), leaders of Islamic boarding schools, and other religious leaders. The results showed that the majority of scholars in Asahan Regency rejected the validity of cryptocurrency as a marriage dowry. The main reasons are the uncertainty of value (gharar), very high price fluctuations, and its uncertain legal status both in the state and sharia. Some scholars categorize it as a speculative tool and close to the elements of maisir (gambling), so it does not meet the requirements of assets that can be used as dowry according to Islamic law. However, there is a minority of views that are tolerant with a note: the cryptocurrency must be able to be measured in value clearly, mutually agreed upon, and does not contain elements of fraud. This study concludes that the aspects of clarity of value, usefulness, and legality are the main indicators of the scholars' assessment in determining the validity of an object as a dowry. Therefore, there is a need for a firmer and more uniform fatwa from religious authorities to provide legal and sharia certainty to the community
Negative Impact of Online Loans on Muslim Family Harmonization in Kediri District West Lombok
Get PDFEconomic stability is the main pillar in building a sakinah family. In this regard, economic stability in today's society is affected by online loans. The risks caused by online lending affect the psychological, social, and even emotional conditions in household life, and can further affect household harmony. This research will explore the form of online lending practices and analyze the impact of online lending on household harmony in West Lombok Regency. The research was conducted using a qualitative method. The results of the research found First: Layered Motivation signifies that Muslim families resort to online loans as a result of a mix of urgent circumstances, economic strain, insufficient literacy, and restricted access to conventional banking. Second: Multidimensional Impact suggests that online loans not only harm the economy but also dismantle the social, psychological, and spiritual structures of Muslim families. Third: Destructive Cycle demonstrates that online loans establish a vicious cycle where financial remedies worsen issues and undermine family unity. Fourth: Crisis of Religious Identity emphasizes that engagement in usury generates spiritual discord and jeopardizes the passing down of Islamic values to subsequent generations. Fifth: Systemic Vulnerability indicates that rural populations are at risk of online loan exploitation due to inadequate digital financial literacy and limited availability of Sharia-compliant financial services
The Impact of Pre-Marriage Counseling on The Thinking Patterns of Students at Tunas Bangsa Vocational School in Choosing A Prospective Wife
Get PDFIslam is a perfect religion that governs all aspects of life, including choosing a spouse and determining the right time to marry. However, given the high divorce rate in Indonesia, particularly in Jember, as indicated by data from the Central Statistics Agency at the beginning of 2023, where 6,000 residents of Jember filed for divorce, this signifies the unpreparedness of married couples regarding their rights and obligations in fulfilling their duties. This situation serves as the basis for conducting pre-marriage counseling at SMK Tunas Bangsa regarding determining the appropriate time to marry. Pre-marriage counseling involves systematic guidance and support to help students understand the best time to start a family and build confidence in preparing systematically for marriage if they wish to proceed. This study was conducted using a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design, involving a pretest, followed by counseling, and then a posttest. The results of the counseling showed an increase in students' knowledge regarding tips for finding the right partner for marriage according to Islamic perspectives
Qur'anic Solutions to the Flexing Culture of Consumerism According to Tafsir Muhammad ‘Ali Ash-Shabuni
Get PDFThe phenomenon of flexing, or the display of wealth on social media, has become a deeply embedded aspect of digital culture, particularly in Indonesia. This behavior reflects not only consumerist and cultural capitalist values but also signals a broader ethical and spiritual crisis in modern society. This study explores the Qur'anic response to flexing by conducting a thematic analysis of relevant verses, based on the exegesis of Muhammad ‘Ali ash-Shabuni in his work Shafwat al-Tafāsīr. The findings reveal that ash-Shabuni condemns flexing as a manifestation of zīnah (superficial adornment), tafākhur (boasting), tabdhīr (wastefulness), and riya’ (showing off), all of which contradict Islamic principles of modesty, gratitude, and social responsibility. Through the interpretation of key verses such as Al-Hadid: 20, Al-Isra: 27, Al-Baqarah: 264, and An-Nisa: 36–37, ash-Shabuni proposes normative solutions centered on spiritual consciousness and ethical consumption. These include the values of qana‘ah (contentment), wasatiyyah (moderation), and respect for social obligations, offering an Islamic ethical alternative to the pressures of digital materialism. This study concludes that ash-Shabuni’s Qur'anic approach provides a transformative ethical framework for resisting performative consumption and promoting spiritual resilience in the digital age
When Rights Are Forgotten: The Loss of Iddah and Mut'ah Maintenance in Default Divorce Decisions
Get PDFThe neglect of the fulfillment of iddah and mut’ah maintenance in divorce decisions made by default remains a serious problem in the practice of religious courts in Indonesia. This article examines this issue through a case study of Decision No. 156/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Lbs as a representation of the tendency of judges to prioritize a formal-procedural approach over the protection of the wife’s substantive rights. This research uses a normative juridical approach and case study, and aims to answer two main questions: whether the Respondent’s absence can be a legal reason to eliminate the right to iddah and mut’ah maintenance, and what is the basis for the judge’s consideration in not including these obligations in the decision. The results of the study indicate that the wife’s absence does not automatically revoke her rights, as long as there is no evidence of nusyuz or other legal conditions that cancel these rights. The judge’s decision, which is solely based on formal procedures without considering the principles of substantive justice and the protection of women, is contrary to the provisions of the Compilation of Islamic Law, Law No. 1 of 1974, and PERMA No. 3 of 2017. Therefore, it is necessary for the judge to implement ex officio authority to ensure that women's economic rights are fulfilled in divorce, even if the case is decided by default
Concept of Modern Islamic Education According to KH. Abdul Wahid Hasyim
Get PDFWahid Hasyim is a phenomenal figure in the history of the nation's journey, even though it only lasted a short time because he died when he was 39 years old. In the midst of his many thinkers and work in fulfilling independence, Wahid Hasyim also contributed to the nation's next journey. Because even though his body is gone, ideas are continued by subsequent generations, especially by his own son, KH. Abdurrahman Wahid. In the context of education, he also made many changes in his thinking. This can be seen after returning from Mecca when making changes to his father's Islamic boarding school, for example his teaching methods. As well as opening up freedom for students to study various scientific disciplines, especially in mastering foreign languages, Arabic and English, but still using Indonesian well. The four pillars of education (religion, development of students' potential, social and national spirit) contributed by Wahid Hasyim in the Islamic education system are things that need to be continued amidst the nation's decline. Wahid Hasyim teaches education with an attitude of respect for differences, a sense of nationalism, pluralism and multiculturalism in Indonesia
Philosophy of Science In The Scope of Ontology, Concepts and Objects of Science
Get PDFSystematic philosophy broadly includes, namely; Ontology or essence theory which discusses the nature of everything that gives rise to knowledge, epistemology or theory of knowledge which discusses how we obtain knowledge, and axiology or value theory which discusses the use of knowledge (Juanda, 2016). These three theories actually discuss the same nature, only starting from different things and goals. The purpose of this writing is to explain science in terms of philosophy from an ontological perspective, and to find out how objects and concepts are in science. In writing this article, we used the literature study method or carried out studies from various books and other scientific works related to the topic raised
Jin in Surah Al Jin Verses 1-7 (Comparative Study of Tafsir Kemenag and Quraish Shihab)
Get PDFJinns are invisible beings created by God. This is one of those beings favored by the Qur'an. But the existence of jinns will always be the subject of research and attention of every circle, just like the existence of humans themselves. Besides the fact that the existence of jinns predates humans, jinns are controversial figures both among laypeople and even among scholars. But there are still many people who wonder whether jinns exist, whether humans can see them, and what are the characteristics of life? Because in the Quran, the word jinn is mentioned 34 times. This is the article that requires humans and especially Muslims to know detailed information about the existence of jinns. From there the author tries to explain simply how the Qur'an, especially in Sura Al-Jin verses 1-7 views jinns. But in this article the author will only focus on the perception of tafsir scholars, namely Tafir Ministry of Religious Affairs and Tafsir Quraish Shihab. The systematics of writing this article includes using thematic methods or maudui, namely by searching for keywords in mufradat, then analyzing the relationship between verses and comparing different verses. The author concludes tentatively that jinns were created from fire just as humans were created from the ground. Jinns are bukallaf beings like humans and in the here after they will be rewarded for all their deeds. This is why humans and jinns are called ats-tsaqalain. In today's life, genius is also understood as a virus, a type of negative human potential. They have extraordinary abilities that humans cannot perform, meaning that they do not mean that humans are inferior to jinns but according to the functions they create. In the world of jinns, there are people who are shaleh but many are evil and even unfaithful. God's purpose in creating Jinns was not just to worship and become His servants
Implications of Establishing Village-Owned Enterprises After Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation (Case Study of Bumdes in Ngawi Regency)
Get PDFThe enactment of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation and the issuance of Government Regulation Number 11 of 2021 concerning Village-Owned Enterprises. Provide a slight change of view regarding Village Owned Enterprises (BUM Desa). Clearly describes the change from a non-legal entity to a legal entity, and to obtain the status of a Village BUM legal entity, the Village Government must register BUM Desa electronically to the Minister through the Village Information system which has been integrated with the Legal Entity Administration System at the ministry. Which organizes government affairs in the field of law and human rights. The regulation explains that Village-Owned Enterprises have the status of a legal entity but their establishment does not use a notary deed. Only by electronic registration from the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. Therefore, the author wants to analyze the implications of the establishment of BUM Desa after the enactment of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. Based on this, the author formulates the problem, namely: first: What are the implications of the establishment of BUM Desa which was established after Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. Second: What are the problems with BUM Desa after the promulgation of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. This legal research is a combination of empirical normative research, the research was carried out by reviewing and examining secondary data first which was then continued with primary data obtained by interviews. The results of this research conclude that BUM Desa obtains Legal Entity status when an electronic registration is issued by the minister who handles government affairs in the field of Law and Human Rights which is integrated into the legal entity administration system. However, due to the long registration process in the Village Ministry System, BUM Desa has not been able to carry out collaborative activities on a legal basis because it is not yet legal as a legal entity