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Determination of Environmental Noise Level of Karasu City Center
Get PDFNoise has become an important environmental problem in the world. Noise maps play a crucial role in city planning and improving the quality of life for both urban residents and natural resources. The study aimed to measure noise levels in 84 different locations within the Karasu municipality (Sakarya, Turkey), including different land uses, which are significant sources of environmental noise. The study was conducted over a 12-month period to create monthly, seasonal, and annual average noise maps. Statistical analysis was performed on the collected noise data and noise maps were generated. The results showed that traffic was the main source of noise and that the highest levels (79,90 dB) were observed on Istanbul and Ankara avenues. The study found that noise levels varied seasonally and that noise levels in many parts of the city exceeded the levels permitted by the Environmental Noise Assessment and Management Regulation in force in Turkey. Three types of noise barriers were proposed for three different selected locations. As a result, there was a significant and positive relationship between the effects of the measured noise levels in all seasons on each other. Another result is in relation to the spatial characteristics of the measurement point, the change in noise level is significant. According to the analysis the changes in noise levels in spring and summer and the spatial differences in the points where measurements were taken are seen at a significant level
A Result on the 2-Distance Coloring of Planar Graphs with Girth Five
Get PDFA vertex coloring of a graph G is said to be a 2-distance coloring if any two vertices at distance at most 2 from each other receive different colors, and the least number of colors for which G admits a 2-distance coloring is known as the 2-distance chromatic number of G, and denoted by χ2(G). We prove that if G is a planar graph with girth 5 and maximum degree ∆ ≥ 12, then χ2(G) ≤ ∆(G) + 5. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Aydınlık Üçlü İle Karanlık Üçlü Arasındaki İlişkinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Get PDFThis study aimed to examine the relationship between the Light Triad (Humanism, Kantianism, Faith in Humanity) and the Dark Triad (Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy) personality traits concerning various demographic variables. Data were collected via an online survey from 495 adult participants (216 males and 279 females) aged 18 to 56. The study employed t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Analysis to analyze the data. Findings revealed positive correlations among the Light Triad dimensions, with significant associations between Kantianism, Humanism, and Faith in Humanity. In contrast, the Light Triad and Dark Triad showed negative correlations, particularly between Humanism and both Machiavellianism and Psychopathy. Regarding gender differences, women scored higher in Humanism, whereas men had higher scores in Narcissism and Psychopathy. Additionally, single participants reported higher levels of Narcissism compared to married participants. The results suggest that the Light Triad is associated with prosocial tendencies and moral values, whereas the Dark Triad is linked to manipulation, selfishness, and strategic social advantage-seeking. These findings contribute to the understanding of how personality traits influence social behaviors and emphasize the need for further research, particularly in exploring the role of the Light Triad as a counterbalance to dark personality traits.Bu çalışma, Aydınlık Üçlü (Hümanizm, Kantçılık, İnsanlığa İnanç) ve Karanlık Üçlü (Makyavelizm, Narsisizm, Psikopati) kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi çeşitli demografik değişkenler açısından incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Veriler, 495 yetişkin katılımcıdan çevrimiçi anket yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde T-testi, ANOVA ve Pearson Korelasyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, Aydınlık Üçlü boyutları arasında pozitif korelasyonlar olduğunu ve özellikle Kantçılık, Hümanizm ve İnsanlığa İnanç arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Buna karşılık, Aydınlık Üçlü ile Karanlık Üçlü genel olarak negatif korelasyon göstermiş, özellikle Hümanizm’in Makyavelizm ve Psikopati ile negatif ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet farklılıkları açısından, kadınlar Hümanizm boyutunda daha yüksek puan alırken, erkekler Narsisizm ve Psikopati boyutlarında daha yüksek puan elde etmiştir. Ayrıca, bekar katılımcıların Narsisizm düzeylerinin evli katılımcılara kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, Aydınlık Üçlü’nün prososyal eğilimler ve ahlaki değerlerle ilişkili olduğunu, Karanlık Üçlü’nün ise manipülasyon, bencillik ve stratejik sosyal avantaj arayışı ile bağlantılı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, kişilik özelliklerinin sosyal davranışlar üzerindeki etkilerini anlamaya katkı sağlamakta ve özellikle Aydınlık Üçlü’nün karanlık kişilik özelliklerine karşı dengeleyici bir unsur olarak rolünü inceleyen gelecekteki araştırmaların gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır
İngiliz ve Harici Kutsal Kitap Cemiyeti’nin Çarlık Rusyası ve Türkistan’daki Misyonerlik Çalışmaları
Get PDFThe British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS) was founded in London in 1804 as an organization dedicated to the spread of Christianity and the translation and distribution of the Bible. The Society employed translators and colporteurs (traveling booksellers) to disseminate the Bible in various languages, thereby accelerating missionary activities worldwide. By the late nineteenth century, Turkestan had become one of the regions in which the Society was actively engaged. Tsarist Russia’s political dominance in the region and the BFBS’s close relations with the Russian government facilitated the society’s establishment of extensive networks of colporteurs in Turkestan. The missionaries who came to the region contributed to the spread of Christianity by distributing Bibles translated into local languages. Concurrently, the BFBS expanded its missionary operations in alignment with the political objectives of Tsarist Russia. In this study, the activities of the BFBS in Turkestan are evaluated in the context of the political power of Tsarist Russia in the region and the purpose of the establishment of the BFBS.It also explores the role of BFBS colporteurs in Turkestan by analyzing distinctions between those engaged in Bible distribution and those involved in active proselytization. The study draws upon BFBS annual reports, personal notes written by colporteurs, and relevant foreign archival materials.İngiliz ve Harici Kutsal Kitap Cemiyeti (İHKC), 1804 yılında Londra’da Hristiyanlığın yayılmasını ve Kutsal Kitap (Kitab-ı Mukaddes) çevirisi ile dağıtımını amaçlayan bir organizasyon olarak kuruldu. Cemiyet dünya genelindeki misyonerlik faaliyetlerini hızlandırmak için tercümanlar ve kolportörler (gezici kitapçılar) aracılığıyla Kutsal Kitap’ın farklı dillere çevrilmesini ve yayılmasını sağladı. Türkistan 19. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru cemiyetin faaliyet gösterdiği bölgelerden oldu. Çarlık Rusya’nın bu bölgedeki siyasi hâkimiyeti ve İHKC’nin Rus hükûmeti ile kurduğu yakın ilişkiler cemiyetin Türkistan’da geniş çaplı kolportörlük ağları kurmasını kolaylaştırdı. Bölgeye gelen misyonerler, yerel dillere çevrilmiş Kutsal Kitap’ları dağıtarak Hristiyanlık öğretisinin yayılmasına katkı sağladı. İHKC, Çarlık Rusya’nın politik çıkarları doğrultusunda misyonerlik faaliyetlerini genişletti. Cemiyetin bölgedeki faaliyetleri Çarlık Rusya’nın Türkistan’daki sosyal politikalarından bir tanesi olan dinî propaganda ve misyonerlik çalışmalarına katkı sağladı. Bu çalışmada, İHKC’nin Türkistan’daki faaliyetleri, Çarlık Rusya’nın bölgedeki siyasi gücü ve İHKC’nin kuruluş amacı bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca kolportörlük yapan misyonerlerle din tebliği yapan misyonerler arasındaki eylem farklılıkları üzerinden İHKC’ye bağlı kolportörlerin Türkistan’daki vaziyetleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Çalışmada İHKC’nin yıllık raporları, kolportörlere ait kişisel notlar ve konu ile ilgili yabancı arşiv belgelerinden faydalanılmıştır
Comprehensive experimental and computational analysis of endemic Allium tuncelianum: Phytochemical profiling, antimicrobial activity, and In silico studies for potential therapeutic applications
Get PDFAllium tuncelianum (TG), an endemic garlic species from Tunceli, Turkey, was investigated using a multidisciplinary approach combining experimental and computational methods. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations with B3LYP/def2-SVP/def2-TZVP basis sets were employed to analyze electronic properties, reactivity, and stability under gas and ethanol conditions. Headspace/GC-MS identified 10 major components, with diallyl disulfide (48.03 %) and 1-propene (20.72 %) as predominant. Antimicrobial assays revealed potent activity against MRSA, Salmonella paratyphi A, and E. coli, with MIC values as low as 0.063 mg/mL. Antioxidant capacity, evaluated via DPPH, metal chelating, and FRAP assays, showed promising results, with the water extract exhibiting the highest activity (1.74 mg BHT equivalent/mL). DFT and molecular docking studies highlighted key compounds as potential inhibitors of E. coli Gyrase B, with binding energies of −5.68 and −6.07 kcal/mol. ADME predictions indicated favorable drug-like properties, though some compounds showed potential CYP450 interactions and toxicity. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of TG's biochemical profile and therapeutic potential, offering insights for future research and optimization. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi Öğrencilerinin Anatomi ve Fizyoloji Dersine İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
Get PDFBu çalışmada, mesleki ve teknik Anadolu lisesi öğrencilerinin “Anatomi ve Fizyoloji dersi” kavramına ilişkin algılarının metaforlar yardımıyla tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma tekniklerinden olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseninin kullanıldığı araştırmanın katılımcılarını, 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında, Düzce il merkezinde sağlık hizmetleri alanında ve ilçe merkezinde hasta ve yaşlı hizmetleri alanında eğitim veren mesleki ve teknik Anadolu lisesi dokuzuncu ve onuncu sınıfta okuyan 133 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada amaçlı örnekleme tekniklerinden ölçüt örnekleme tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri “Anatomi ve Fizyoloji dersi ..... gibidir. Çünkü .....” biçiminde ifade edilmiş bir açık uçlu anket yoluyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Olumlu metaforlar içerisinde en sık “aşk”, “bilmece”, “kılavuz”, “okyanus” ve “yıldız” metaforlarının kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Olumsuz metaforlar içerisinde en çok “matematik”, “hayat”, “çorba”, “okyanus”, “sözlük” ve “şarkı” metaforlarının kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Nötr metaforlar içerisinde ise en çok “şarkı dinlemek” metaforu kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin genel olarak olumsuz metaforik algılara sahip olduğu tespit edilmiş ve bu doğrultuda öneriler geliştirilmiştir
The effects of reinforced concrete shear wall on the earthquake behaviour of the buildings with various column sections
Get PDFThe drifts in the buildings vary depending on the stiffness, height and elasticity modules of the load-bearing elements. In this study, a five-storey reinforced concrete building model was designed as an example by using five different column sections with 35 x 35, 40 x 40, 45 x 45, 50 x 50 and 55 x 55 cm square sections with reference to the 2018 earthquake code. C-30 concrete and S-420 steel were used in the designed building models, and the behaviours of these structures under the influence of earthquakes were analysed. Earthquake calculation was done via Mod superposition and Dynamic Analysis method. According to the Turkish earthquake regulations, reinforced concrete shear walls were added both x and y axis to the same building project as 2 parts per thousand percent of the total project area. In the analysis, when a shear wall is added to the building designed with 35 x 35 cm columns, the total load carrying capacity of the building has increased by approximately 42%. When the building was designed with 55 x 55 cm columns and shear walls, it was observed that the load bearing capacity increased by approximately 91%. In addition to using shear wall, total floor earthquake displacement was decreased about 9 times according to the references value 35 x 35 cm columns
Evaluation of Plasma Soluble Cd40 Ligand Levels in Children with Familial Mediterranean Fever and Its Relationship with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Get PDFBackground/Objectives: It has been suggested that chronic inflammatory diseases may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated plasma soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) levels and their association with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in children with Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Methods: The study was designed as a prospective cross-sectional study. The study included 68 asymptomatic children aged 5-18 years with FMF, diagnosed according to Tel Hashomer criteria, who were followed up regularly for at least one year, receiving regular colchicine treatment and not in an acute exacerbation period, along with 65 healthy children with similar demographic characteristics. cIMT was assessed by ultrasound and plasma sCD40L levels were measured by sandwich ELISA in all children. Results: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A levels were not significantly different between patients and controls. However, sCD40L (p = 0.004) and fibrinogen (p = 0.011) levels were significantly higher in the FMF group compared to the control group. No significant difference was found between the patient and control groups in terms of carotid intima-media thickness (p = 0.517). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the independent associations of fibrinogen and sCD40L with FMF. The results of this analysis indicated that sCD40L, but not fibrinogen, demonstrated a significant association with FMF (odds ratio [OR]: 1.003, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.001-1.006, p = 0.011). To determine the diagnostic performance of sCD40L, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated. This analysis demonstrated that sCD40L levels exceeding 100 pg/mL were predictive of FMF, yielding a sensitivity of 70.6% and a specificity of 62.3%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 55.4% and 64.3%, respectively. The area under the curve for sCD40L was 0.644 (95% CI: 0.549-0.738, p = 0.004), signifying a statistically significant predictive capacity. Plasma sCD40L levels were significantly higher in FMF children with the M694V mutation (p = 0.013). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the high plasma sCD40L levels found in children with FMF may be related to the inflammatory activation of the disease rather than to atherosclerosis
Assisting the Diagnosis of Cirrhosis in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Based on Machine Learning Algorithms: A Novel Non-Invasive Approach
Get PDFAim: This study aimed to determine the important features and cut-off values after demonstrating the detectability of cirrhosis using routine laboratory test results of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients in machine learning (ML) algorithms. Methods: This retrospective multicenter (37 referral centers) study included the data obtained from the Hepatitis C Turkey registry of 1164 patients with biopsy-proven CHC. Three different ML algorithms were used to classify the presence/absence of cirrhosis with the determined features. Results: The highest performance in the prediction of cirrhosis (Accuracy = 0.89, AUC = 0.87) was obtained from the Random Forest (RF) method. The five most important features that contributed to the classification were platelet, alpha lpha-feto protein (AFP), age, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and prothrombin time (PT). The cut-off values of these features were obtained as platelet 5.49 ng/mL, age > 52 years, GGT > 39.9 U/L, and PT > 12.35 s. Using cut-off values, the risk coefficients were AOR = 4.82 for platelet, AOR = 3.49 for AFP, AOR = 4.32 for age, AOR = 3.04 for GGT, and AOR = 2.20 for PT. Conclusion: These findings indicated that the RF-based ML algorithm could classify cirrhosis with high accuracy. Thus, crucial features and cut-off values for physicians in the detection of cirrhosis were determined. In addition, although AFP is not included in non-invasive indexes, it had a remarkable contribution in predicting cirrhosis. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT0314584
Determination of gold purity degrees using audio features with machine learning algorithms
Get PDFGold purity determination is a critical part of quality control in jewellery and industrial production. Traditional methods (chemical analyses, X-ray fluorescence, etc.) can be costly, time consuming and destructive. This study aims to present an audio-based non-destructive alternative for gold purity classification. Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) features delta-delta extracted from audio signals were analysed with 10 different machine learning algorithms (Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Trees, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, KNearest Neighbour (KNN), Naive Bayes, Gradient Boosting, AdaBoost, XGBoost, LightGBM). The dataset was divided into training, test and validation subsets; features were normalised with StandardScaler and the generalization performance of the models was optimised with 5-fold cross-validation. In the comparison of performance metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score), it was observed that SVM (94.58%) and Logistic Regression (93.75%) models were superior to other algorithms, especially in capturing subtle differences between classes. Confusion matrices detail the success of the model in discriminating 14, 22 and 24 carat classes. This study proves that the use of audio data in gold purity analysis has the potential for a fast, repeatable and non-destructive solution in industrial applications