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Determining the effect of drought stress on poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) seed germination
Get PDFPapaver somniferum L. (haşhaş) bitkisi Papaveraceae familyasına ait tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerden biridir. İçeriğindeki morfin tıpta ciddi anlamda önemli bir bileşendir. Küresel ısınma ve beraberinde iklim değişikliği sonucunda oluşan kuraklık tüm tarım ürünleri gibi haşhaş bitkisi için de önemli bir sorundur. Bu araştırmada kuraklık stresinin haşhaş tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerinde etkileri incelenmiştir. Deneme 2024 yılında Düzce Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Laboratuvarında, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yapılmıştır. Haşhaş tohumlarına kuraklık stresi uygulamak için polyethylene glycol'un (PEG-6000) 4 (15,30,45,60 g/L) farklı konsantrasyonu kullanılmış olup elde edilen bulgular kontrol faktörüyle kıyaslanmıştır. Denemede çimlenme yüzdesi ortalamasında istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılıklar görülmezken, sürgün yaş ağırlığı, sürgün kuru ağırlığı, çimlenme indeksi, sürgün uzunluğu, ortalama çimlenme süresi ve çimlenme stres tolerans indeksi özellikleri açısından istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılıklar görülmüştür. Ne var ki kuraklık stresinin artmasıyla birlikte değerlerin hepsinde düşüş olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.Papaver somniferum L. (poppy) plant is one of the medicinal and aromatic plants belonging to the Papaveraceae family. The morphine contained in it is a highly significant compound in medicine. Global warming and the resulting climate change, which causes drought, are significant issues for the poppy plant, as they are for all agricultural crops. This study examines the effects of drought stress on the germination of poppy seeds. The experiment was conducted in 2024 in the Field Crops Department Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture at Düzce University, with a randomized block design and three replications. To apply drought stress to the poppy seeds, polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) was used at four different concentrations (15, 30, 45, 60 g/L), and the results were compared with the control factor. In the experiment, no statistically significant differences were observed in the average germination percentage. However, statistically significant differences were found in terms of shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, germination index, shoot length, mean germination time, and germination stress tolerance index. It was observed that all values decreased as drought stress increased
How Do People Perceive Bundling? An Experiment
Get PDF2025 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems-CHI, APR 26-MAY 01, 2025, Yokohama, JAPANWe present an exploratory study on how people perceive visualizations of spatial social networks generated by edge bundling algorithms. Although these algorithms successfully minimize clutter in node-link diagrams, they do so through various methods that can sometimes create false connections between nodes. We conducted a qualitative experiment involving participants with technical expertise but no prior knowledge of edge bundling algorithms. Participants described their perceptions of both bundled and straight-line visualizations in open-ended tasks. Analysis of their annotations and transcripts revealed a general preference for bundled visualizations. However, when it came to false connections, participants tended to follow them in tightly bundled diagrams while also vocalizing that these drawings were more ambiguous. The routing of bundles influenced the perception of clusters and participants assigned more or fewer nodes to the clusters, depending on the routing of bundles. Participants' unfamiliarity with the dataset led them to use analogies to describe the bundled drawings, potentially adding perceived semantic meaning to the data.ACM SIGCH
Enhancing Satellite Communication Resilience: A Synergistic Approach to Security and Stability
Get PDFMinistry of Science, Technological Development, and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia15th International Conference on Business Information Security -- BISEC 2024 -- Nis -- AX6209256Security in satellite communication is essential for ensuring signal integrity and system stability. In this context, the use of high-accuracy and stable power amplifiers (PAs) is crucial. UHF band RF power amplifiers, specifically designed for small satellites, are notable for providing high linearity and wide bandwidth to prevent data loss and signal distortion in satellite communication. These amplifier circuits, used in amateur satellite frequencies like 433 MHz, aim to enhance the accuracy of signal transmission. Cybersecurity and data integrity are critical in satellite communication for both signal and system security. The accuracy of each component used in the design of power amplifier circuits is essential, as carefully selected circuit elements contribute to minimizing data loss and enhancing security. By combining physical components with encryption and monitoring systems, these systems aim to maximize security. Blockchain technology is utilized in satellite communication to enhance data integrity, providing a solution that addresses security requirements. In particular, the use of blockchain enables data transmissions to be recorded in an immutable ledger, preventing unauthorized modifications. This ensures secure management of the data transmission chain. Predictive maintenance applications play a key role in system stability and security. Potential issues in power amplifier circuits can be detected in advance through continuous monitoring by artificial intelligence algorithms. This proactive approach contributes to maintaining uninterrupted satellite communication, extending component lifespan, and reducing costs. In summary, security in satellite communication is achieved through a combination of cybersecurity measures, blockchain-based data protection, predictive maintenance strategies, and high-accuracy power amplifier circuits. This integration enhances the reliability and resilience of satellite communication, preserving the long-term efficiency of satellite-based communication systems. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Novel Conservative Therapies in Migraine Management: The Impact of Fascia Exercises in a Randomized Controlled Trial
Get PDFBackground/Objectives: Migraine is a complex neurological disorder often associated with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fascia exercises on migraine symptoms and explore their potential as a novel conservative treatment approach. Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 migraine patients who were randomly assigned to a treatment group (fascia exercises) or a control group (conventional physiotherapy). Both groups underwent a six-week intervention consisting of two sessions per week. Pain intensity, migraine-related disability, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, heart rate variability (HRV), and patient satisfaction were assessed before and after the intervention using validated scales. Results: Significant improvements in pain intensity, attack frequency and duration, migraine-related disability, sleep quality, and anxiety levels were observed in both groups (p < 0.05). However, the treatment group demonstrated a more pronounced reduction in depression scores compared to the control group (p < 0.05). While no significant changes in HRV parameters were detected in either group, patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the treatment group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Fascia exercises represent a promising complementary therapy for migraine management, offering significant improvements in both physical and psychological symptoms. While immediate effects on HRV were not evident, the potential to modulate autonomic balance and address migraine pathophysiology warrants further exploration. These findings highlight the value of fascia exercises as a low-cost, non-invasive approach, emphasizing the need for further research to confirm their long-term clinical benefits and integration into migraine treatment protocols
Density Functional Theory, Molecular-Docking Studies and Inhibition Effects of Pharmaceutical Active Ingredients on Xanthine Oxidase
Get PDFXanthine oxidase (XO) is a crucial part of human metabolism because of its activity on purine metabolism. In this study, drospirenone, dutasteride, ketoprofen, miconazole, mirabegron, mycophenolate mofetil, nimesulide, phenylephrine hydrochloride, prasugrel hydrochloride, ranolazine, tropicamide, and melatonin were used as drug active ingredients and the inhibitory effect of 12 drug active ingredients on XO was evaluated in vitro at the concentration of each compound required to inhibit it by 50% (IC50). As a result of the study, dutasteride exhibited the lowest highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (triangle E = 2.522 eV) energy gap, the best isotropic polarizability (331.020 atomic units), the best docking score (-11.30 kcal/mol), and the best inhibition value (IC50 = 65.80 mu M).Kocaeli University Research Project [FYL-2022-3112]This work was supported by the Kocaeli University Research Project (FYL-2022-3112)
The Concept of Ta'zīr al-Shadīd in Ottoman Criminal Law: An Examination Based on Classical Islamic Law and Ottoman Fatwā Collections
Get PDFClassical fiqh sources mention that ta'zir punishments can take various forms, such as admonition, reprimand, flogging, imprisonment, exile, public exposure and death penalty. The Ottoman Empire, which based its legal system on Islamic law, extensively implemented ta'zir punishments. These punishments are documented in sources such as q & amacr;n & umacr;nn & amacr;mes, fatw & amacr; collections and shari'a court registers (shar'iyya sijill & amacr;t). This study focuses on the ta'zir punishments mentioned in Ottoman-era fatw & amacr; collections and it examines the crimes in which the terms ta'zir and particularly ta'zir al-shadid are used in these sources, in addition to cases where ta'zir punishments such as admonition, public exposure, dismissal from office, exile and imprisonment are explicitly mentioned. In cases where the punishment is explicitly stated, there is no ambiguity regarding its nature. However, when the punishment is referred to simply as ta'zir or ta'zir al-shadid, various interpretations about its nature have emerged. Since these terms were incorporated into Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections from classical fiqh sources, the study first examines the usage of ta'zir and ta'zir al-shadid in Islamic legal literature, outlining their theoretical background. After analyzing the usage of these terms in classical fiqh sources, the study investigates crimes that warranted ta'zir al-shadid punishments in Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections. In this context, the study addresses the concept of ta'zir al-shadid as used in Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections, based on both classical Islamic legal literature and the fatw & amacr; compilations themselves. Although these terms have been interpreted in the literature as the judge imposing any punishment deemed appropriate, it has been determined that in the Ottoman legal system, the term ta'zir, which is used absolutely without any further explanation, generally refers to flogging, while the term ta'zir al-shadid always denotes flogging and often refers to the maximum number of lashes that can be administered as ta'zir. This usage is found to be based on classical fiqh sources. The study cites numerous examples from Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections indicating that the term ta'zir al-shadid was commonly used to refer to flogging. Then, in order to make a comparison with the examples in classical fiqh sources, examples of ta'zir al-shadid punishment for crimes such as sodomy (liw & amacr;ta), marriage without hulla, adultery with incomplete conditions, false accusation of adultery (qadhf) and murder are given. In this context, as seen in the examples above, ta'zir al-shadid played a significant role in crimes that warranted a hadd punishment but could not be implemented due to deficiencies in the required conditions. It has been determined that in Ottoman fatw & amacr;s, the punishments prescribed for such crimes were expressed with the term of ta'zir alshadid. As reported in classical fiqh works, in such cases, the perpetrator was deemed liable for the maximum number of lashes, and the judge was not granted the authority to impose any other form of punishment. Some Ottoman fatw & amacr; collections even contain direct inquiries regarding the nature of the ta'zir al-shadid punishment, reflecting ongoing interest in this matter during the Ottoman period. Interestingly, these inquiries predominantly focus on the quantity rather than the nature of the punishment. Indeed, the questions were directly associated with the punishment of flogging, and responses were sought regarding the number of lashes for ta'zir al-shadid punishment. It is understood from the fatw & amacr; questions that ta'zir al-shadid was known to refer to flogging however due to the disagreement within the madhhab regarding the maximum number of lashes applied as ta'zir, there was curiosity about the opinion preferred in the fatw & amacr;. The fatw & amacr;s provide details on the maximum number of lashes allowed under the Hanafi school of thought, referencing differing opinions within the school. For instance, Ab & umacr; Hanifa (d. 150/767) and Im & amacr;m Muhammad (d. 189/805) set this limit at 39 lashes, while Ab & umacr; Y & umacr;suf (d. 182/798) set it at 75 lashes. It is observed that these different views were reflected in the Ottoman fatw & amacr;s and mostly Ab & umacr; Y & umacr;suf's view was preferred. Additionally, some Shaykh al-Isl & amacr;ms, in accordance with the Hanafi understanding of ta'zir, have considered not only the number of lashes but also the severity of the beating within the scope of ta'zir al-shadid. In conclusion, the concept of ta'zir al-shadid emerges in classical Islamic law and Ottoman law as a form of punishment in which flogging is administered in proportion to the severity of the offense. The description of the punishment as shadid does not stem from the imposition of a severe ta'zir penalty but rather from the notion, as stated in classical fiqh sources, that the flogging applied in ta'zir should be more severe than that in hadd penalties
Component based stock price predicton with STL decomposition: A meta-learning based ensemble model
Get PDFBorsadaki hisse senedi fiyatlarının piyasa gürültüsü, oynaklık, ekonomik göstergeler, jeopolitik olaylar ve yatırımcı duyarlılığı gibi dış etkenler nedeniyle tahmin edilmesi doğası gereği zorluk taşır. Mevcut literatürde, hisse senedi fiyatlarını modellemek için yalnızca tek değişkenli bir model kullanıldığında, bu modellerin fiyat hareketlerini tam olarak algılamakta zorlandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, BIST30 endeksi üzerinde, özellikle THYAO hissesi odaklı günlük bir tahmin çerçevesi geliştirdik. Veriyi STL yöntemiyle bileşenlerine ayırdık ve her bir bileşeni, kendi özelliklerine uygun modelleme yaklaşımını seçerek ayrı ayrı tahmin ettik. Trend bileşeni, aşırı öğrenmeyi önlemek için düzenlileştirme uygulayabilme yeteneği sayesinde Ridge Regresyon ile modellenmiştir. Mevsimsel bileşen, uzun vadeli bağımlılıkları öğrenebilme becerisi sebebiyle TCN ile modellenmiştir. Artık bileşen, düzensiz ve oynak dalgalanmaları ifade eden bir bileşen olarak, XGBoost, GARCH ve ani sıçrama tespit tekniklerinin XGBoost meta modeline giriş olarak verildiği gelişmiş bir topluluk yöntemiyle modellenmiştir. Son olarak, bu üç bileşenin tahminleri Lineer Regresyon tabanlı bir meta öğrenme modeli ile birleştirilerek nihai tahmin üretilmiştir. Ampirik değerlendirmeler, hisse senedi fiyat tahmin doğruluğunda önemli iyileşmeler göstererek MAE: 1.5574 ve MAPE: %0.53 değerlendirme metrikleri elde edilmiştir. Çalışma, topluluk temelli meta öğrenme tekniklerinin ve bileşen bazlı tahminlerin, hisse senedi fiyat tahminlerinin doğruluğunu önemli ölçüde artırdığını ortaya koymuştur.The stock market is highly arduous to predict due to its nature. As a result of market noise, volatility, and external influences such as economic indicators, geopolitical events, and investor sentiment, stock price prediction is inherently challenging. It's observed in the existing literature that when a single univariate model is used to model stock prices, the models have difficulty fully detecting price movements. For this reason, we developed a daily forecasting framework applied to the BIST30 index, focusing on the THYAO stock. We decomposed the data into components using STL and predicted each component individually by selecting an appropriate modeling approach based on its characteristics. The trend component is modeled by Ridge Regression thanks to its capability of applying regularization to prevent overfitting, and the seasonal component is modeled using TCN. The residual component which captures irregular and volatile fluctuations, is modeled using an ensemble approach This component is handled through a sophisticated ensemble method that combines XGBoost, GARCH, and spike detection techniques as input to XGBoost meta model. Finally, we combined their predictions into a meta-learning model based on Lineer Regression to generate the final forecast. Empirical evaluations demonstrate significant improvements on stock price prediction accuracy, with evaluation metrics of MAE: 1.5574 and MAPE: 0.53%. The study found that ensemble meta-learning techniques and decomposed component based predictions significantly increased the accuracy of stock price predictions
The effect of corporate governance on financial failure and intellectual value of companies
Get PDFKurumsal yönetim, firmalarla etkileşim kuran bütün menfaat grupları arasındaki bağlantıyı düzenleyen ve değiştiren bir sistemdir. Firmanın başarılı çalışmasını, firmanın içerisinde bulunduğu toplum değerlerini barındırmasını, toplum değerlerine saygı göstermesini ve paydaşların birlikte ekonomik değerler oluşturmasını sağlamaktadır. Entelektüel sermaye, firma kapsamındaki kültürü ve kültürel değerleri, kişinin becerilerini, firmanın yazılım kapsamında kullandığı donanımları, firma-müşteri bağlantısını, tedarik zincirini içeren uygulamalar bütününü belirtmektedir. Firma içindeki bütün bilgilerin değer haline gelmesi, firmanın entelektüel birikimi şeklide ifade edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada kurumsal yönetimin firmaların finansal başarısızlıklarına ve entelektüel değerlerine yönelik etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma, 2014-2024 yılları arasında Borsa İstanbul'daki 31 firmanın kurumsal yönetim uygulamalarının finansal başarısızlık ve entelektüel sermaye üzerindeki etkilerini panel veri analiziyle incelemiştir. Analiz sonuçlarında, kurumsal yönetimin finansal başarı ve entelektüel sermaye üzerindeki etkilerinin farklı modeller ve boyutlar bazında farklılık gösterebileceğini ortaya koyulmuştur.Corporate governance is a system that regulates and modifies the relationship among all stakeholder groups interacting with a company. It ensures the successful operation of the company, the incorporation and respect of societal values, and enables stakeholders to collectively create economic value. Intellectual capital refers to the entirety of practices within a company that include its culture and cultural values, individual skills, hardware used for software, firm-customer relationships, and the supply chain. The transformation of all internal company knowledge into value can be defined as the firm's intellectual accumulation. This study evaluates the effects of corporate governance on firms' financial distress and intellectual capital. This research examines the impact of corporate governance practices on financial distress and intellectual capital in 31 companies listed on Borsa Istanbul between 2014 and 2024, using panel data analysis. The analysis results revealed that the effects of corporate governance on financial success and intellectual capital may vary across different models and dimensions
GİRİŞİMCİLERİN UZAKDOĞU MUTFAĞI RESTORAN YATIRIMLARINA YÖNELME NEDENLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Get PDFSon yıllarda gastronomik akımların çeşitliliğindeki artış yoğun bir şekilde gözlemlenmektedir. Bu akımlar; yeni lezzet keşfetme, sağlıklı beslenme, kaybolmaya yüz tutmuş geleneksel lezzetleri gün yüzüne çıkarma ya da farklı kültürleri-lezzetleri tanıma şeklinde kategorize edilebilmektedir. Uzakdoğu mutfağı da yeni lezzet keşfetmek isteyen ve sağlıklı beslenmeye önem veren insanların yöneldiği mutfak kültürlerinden biridir. Talebin artmasıyla birlikte girişimciler de bu alanda daha fazla yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı, girişimcilerin Uzakdoğu mutfağı restoran yatırımlarına yönelme nedenlerini ortaya çıkartmaktır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Veriler görüşme yoluyla elde edilmiş ve betimsel analiz ile bulgular elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada ulaşılabilen Uzakdoğu temalı 6 yeme-içme işletmesine 10 soru yönlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, tüketicilerin uzak doğu mutfağına ilgi düzeyinin arttığı, girişimcilerin tüketicilerin beklentilerine hitap eden ürünler üretmesi gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında ilerleyen yıllarda bu mutfağa olan ilginin sürekli artacağı ve bunun için işletmelerin ürünlerinde farklılıklar yapması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
Exploring error estimates of Newton-Cotes quadrature rules across diverse function classes
Get PDFThis in-depth study looks at symmetric four-point Newton-Cotes-type inequalities with a focus on error estimates for numerical integration. The precision of these estimates is explored across various classes of functions, including those with bounded variation, bounded derivatives, Lipschitzian derivatives, convex derivatives, and others. The research synthesizes and extends existing knowledge, providing a nuanced understanding of how error bounds depend on the characteristics of integrated functions. Through a systematic review of seminal works, the study contributes to the practical application of numerical integration techniques, offering insight for researchers and practitioners to make informed choices based on the specific features of the functions involved