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Boric Acid Suppresses Cell Survival by Triggering Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Autophagy in Cervical Cancers
Get PDFCervical cancer ranks as the fourth most common cancer amongst women globally. This study aimed to investigate boric acid's effects on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy signalling pathways in cervical cancer cells. We first assessed boric acid's effects on cell viability and proliferation in HUF and HeLa cell lines. Subsequently, we analysed cyclin D1 and CDK4 levels and boric acid-induced nuclear morphology changes. We then examined autophagosome formation and mRNA expression of autophagy/ER stress markers (Beclin1, p62, LC3-I/II, GRP78, p-IRE1 alpha, p-PERK, CHOP and cleaved-caspase-3) in HeLa cells. The findings revealed that boric acid's IC50 was 3.17 mM for HUF cells but significantly lower (641.2 mu M) for HeLa cells, indicating cancer cell sensitivity. In HeLa cells, boric acid-induced a dose-dependent decrease in cyclin D1 and CDK4 levels (associated with G1 phase arrest), which we did not observe in HUF cells. Additionally, boric acid treatment caused nuclear abnormalities in HeLa cells. Boric acid promoted autophagy by enhancing autophagosome formation and upregulating Beclin1, p62, and LC3-I/II expression. Concurrently, it induced ER stress by increasing GRP78, p-IRE1 alpha, p-PERK and CHOP expression. Furthermore, boric acid increased cleaved-caspase-3 expression and apoptotic cell counts. In conclusion, this study underscores boric acid's potential therapeutic effects in cervical cancer through ER stress and autophagy regulation
Increasing Importance of Genotype-Phenotype Correlations Associated with Common and Rare MEFV Gene Mutations in FMF Patients in the Last Thirty Years
Get PDFBackground/Objectives: Studies have shown that some mutations, especially M694V, are correlated with renal RI and/or AA. There are limited data about rare mutations on severity of the disease and RI. Today, evaluating genotype-phenotype correlations in rare mutations is important to better understand FMF. We aimed to evaluate clinical, demographic and genetic changes and genotype-phenotype correlations in pediatric patients with FMF over thirty years as well as the importance of the rare mutations. Methods: A total of 2765 pediatric patients with FMF were included in this study. Genetic results were firstly divided into ten groups including rare mutations. Rare mutations were seen in 2% of all patients and divided into eight groups. Results: There was a significant increase in compound heterozygous mutations, E148Q het/hom, R202Q het/hom, complex mutations and rare mutations in the last decade. RI wo AA was 5.8% and AA was 1% in the patients with rare mutations. While M694V and compound het with M694V were positively correlated with severe PRAS, E148Q and V726A were negatively correlated with severe PRAS (p < 0.05, R = 0.137, R = -0.077, R= -0.05, respectively). Although K695R mutation was negatively correlated with severe PRAS (p < 0.05, R = -0.04), the rate of RI was 20%. Although the rare mutation R761H was negatively correlated with severe PRAS (p < 0.05, R = -0.051), the colchicine resistance rate was 8.3%. Conclusions: It may be misleading for clinicians that mutations which have increased in frequency over the years are clinically mild. RI and AA rates in rare mutations are not less than the related rates in common mutations
OPEN NEWTON-COTES INEQUALITIES FOR CONVEX FUNCTIONS IN FRACTIONAL CALCULUS
Get PDFWe establish error bounds for the open Newton-Cotes formula with n = 1 for differentiable convex functions in fractional calculus. We use for this purpose an integral identity, which we prove, having Riemann-Liouville fractional integral and ordinary derivative. We give applications for special means, and add an example to show the validity of inequalities with a graph for different values of fractional parameter alpha.National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF)King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok [KMUTNB-FF-65-49]This research was funded by National Science, Research and Innovation Fund (NSRF) , and King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok with Contract no. KMUTNB-FF-65-49
Reflective thinking meets artificial intelligence: Synthesizing sustainability transition knowledge in left-behind mountain regions
Get PDFWe demonstrate a multi-method approach towards discovering and structuring sustainability transition knowledge in marginalized mountain regions. By employing reflective thinking, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered text summarization and text mining, we synthesize experts’ narratives on sustainable development challenges and solutions in Kardüz Upland, Türkiye. We then analyze their alignment with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) using document embedding. Investment in infrastructure, education, and resilient socio-ecological systems emerged as priority sectors to combat poor infrastructure, geographic isolation, climate change, poverty, depopulation, unemployment, low education levels, and inadequate social services. The narratives were closest in substance to SDG 1, 3, and 11. Social dimensions of sustainability were more pronounced than environmental dimensions. The presented approach supports policymakers in organizing loosely structured sustainability transition knowledge and fragmented data corpora, while also advancing AI applications for designing and planning sustainable development policies at the regional level. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Feeding Ecology of the Critically Endangered Gobio insuyanus (Gobionidae)
Get PDFDespite the critical conservation status of the endemic gudgeon Gobio insuyanus, its feeding ecology remained unstudied. This research addresses this gap by investigating the diet of G. insuyanus in the Insuyu spring-stream system of Central Anatolia (Turkey) analyzing spatial, temporal, and intraspecific variations. We compared two distinct habitats: a stable spring and its continuum, a fluctuating stream. Results indicate that G. insuyanus is an omnivore, consuming primarily detritus, Gammarids, and Diptera larvae. Feeding intensity was higher in the spring habitat, particularly in summer, possibly related to its stable temperature and lower turbidity. Dietary diversity was higher in the stream, potentially reflecting its greater habitat complexity, but decreased in both habitats in autumn, suggesting a seasonal decline in prey availability. A significant ontogenetic shift in diet was observed; mature individuals exhibited a narrower niche and preferred larger prey, probably due to increased gape size, improved foraging ability, and higher energy requirements. No significant dietary differences were found between the sexes. The results have conservation implications, emphasizing the need to maintain the integrity of both habitats. Future research incorporating fish movement data with feeding ecology will further improve our understanding and inform more targeted conservation strategies
Can Climate Change Adaptation Practices Be Read As Everyday Resistance?: The Acts of the Civil Initiatives in Türkiye
Get PDFThe aim of the article is to discuss the practices of civil environmental initiatives in Türkiye from the conceptual framework of everyday resistance. By doing this, the article draws on a framework used for a systemic analysis of everyday resistance in resistance studies, which consists of (1) repertoires of everyday resistance in relation to a particular configuration of power; (2) relations of actors, (3) the temporalization of everyday resistance; and (4) the spatialization of everyday resistance. The data for this research was obtained from 16 pro-environmental civil initiatives through in-depth interviews and analyzed using qualitative data analysis software ATLAS.ti. The results of the study reveal that the everyday practices of the participants in the study to mitigate climate change can be considered as everyday resistance, since at all levels of the quadruple framework used in the analysis process, the common fact is that they seek to suggest and construct an alternative social reality that contrasts with and resists the existing socio-economic codes. It can also be suggested, based on these findings, that these everyday practices of the resistance actors to mitigate climate change should be understood not only as a form of resistance, but also as contributions to the political process concerning the climate change crisis
Characterization of cellulase by Cellvibrio polysaccharolyticus and assessment of its application in the textile industry
Get PDFThere are many enzymes used in various industries, and the application areas of enzymes are increasing day by day. Among these enzymes, cellulase enzymes, which are of industrial importance, are used in many industrial sectors such as paper pulp, textiles, and food. In this study, bacteria isolated from bovine feces that produce cellulase enzyme were screened. Then, a bacterium identified as a producer, coded as UR4. The isolated bacterium was identified as Cellvibrio polysaccharolyticus (Cp-UR4). Thus, for the first time in the literature, the Cp-UR4 was used for cellulase production in this study. The optimum production conditions of the enzyme were determined to be 37 degrees C, pH 7.0, and 72 h of incubation. The enzyme working conditions were determined to be at 45 degrees C and pH 7.0. The Vmax and Km values for enzyme kinetics were found to be 6.41 U/mL and 12.53 mM, respectively. Ammonium sulfate method was used for partial purification of the enzyme in the final stage. Native-PAGE and zymogram analysis were performed to determine the molecular weight of the partially purified enzyme. It was determined that the cellulase formed aggregates larger than 130 kDa. The enzyme was applied to denim fabric, and the results showed that it performed better in de-fuzzing, bio-polishing, and color removal compared to the reference enzyme. Thus, this study suggests that cellulase obtained for the first time from Cp-UR4, isolated from bovine feces, can be used for bio-polishing, color removal, and de-fuzzing processes in the textile industry
An in-vitro assessment of bisphenol a release from thermoplastic orthodontic appliances exposed to various beverages
Get PDFBackgroundThermoplastic orthodontic appliances have been used as retention devices for years and gaining popularity as aligners, alternative to fixed orthodontic mechanics. This study aims to assess Bisphenol-A (BPA) release from thermoplastic orthodontic appliances exposed to different beverages.MethodsThe appliances in this study were enrolled from aligners of Invisalign, ClearCorrect, and thermoplastic retention device, Essix ACE. Five different beverages (pure water, whole milk, coke, orange juice, filtered coffee) were determined and 5 glass tubes containing 10 ml of each beverage formed experiment groups. Appliance samples from each brand (with 0.50 +/- 0.0082 g weight) were inserted in glass tubes and left in room temperature for 1 h. Later, samples were removed and Flow Injection Liquid Chromatography/Mass-Mass Spectrometry (FIA-LC/MS-MS) analysis was performed to evaluate BPA release. Five glass tubes for each beverage group, which did not contain any appliance, were also analyzed with the same technique to detect the possible pre-existing BPA levels in the liquids.ResultsFIA-LC/MS-MS analysis showed no measurable amount of BPA in pure water and any beverage group. BPA was also not detected in samples without appliances.ConclusionBPA release was not detected from thermoplastic orthodontic appliances after 1 h of incubation in beverages. Within the limitations, different types of beverages were not found to affect BPA release from thermoplastic orthodontic materials. From a clinical perspective, further in-vivo studies will be useful with larger samples and longer term investigations
Intrinsic and extrinsic knowledge-sharing motivations as microfoundations of marketing capabilities and firm performance
Get PDFPurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic knowledge-sharing motivations on marketing capabilities such as pricing and distribution and the effects of these capabilities on firm performance. In addition, it explores the mediating role of marketing capabilities in the relationship between intrinsic-extrinsic knowledge-sharing motivations and firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThis research was conducted using quantitative methods. Data were collected through a survey administered to 2,590 firm managers in T & uuml;rkiye's manufacturing and service industries and analyzed using Smart PLS4 software and Structural Equation Modeling.FindingsThe findings indicate that intrinsic and extrinsic knowledge-sharing motivations positively influence pricing and promotion capabilities. The authors also found that pricing and promotion capabilities positively affect firm performance. Furthermore, they confirmed that pricing and promotion capabilities mediate the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic knowledge-sharing motivations and firm performance.Originality/valueTo the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the roles of intrinsic-extrinsic knowledge-sharing motivations as a psychological construct in the microfoundations of marketing capabilities and firm performance and the mediating role of marketing capabilities in the relationship between these motivations and firm performance.SME Development Organization of Turkey (KOSGEB)The authors sincerely thank the SME Development Organization of Turkey (KOSGEB) for their valuable support in providing essential data for this study. Their contributions have significantly enriched the foundation of their research, facilitating a more comprehensive and robust analysis
Çift Beslemeli Asenkron Generatör Tabanlı Rüzgar Türbinlerinde Düşük Gerilim İyileştirme Yeteneği için 3. Derece Modelinin Geliştirilmesi
Get PDFŞebekeye bağlı Çift Beslemeli Asenkron Generatör (ÇBAG) tabanlı rüzgar türbinleri simetrik ve asimetrik arıza gibi geçici kararlılık durumlarından çok etkilenmektedir. Belirli bir süre geçici kararlılık durumunda ÇBAG’ın şebekeye bağlı kalması için Düşük Gerilim İyileştirme Yeteneği (DGİY) için şebeke kod gereksinimine ihtiyaç olmaktadır. Bunun için ÇBAG’ın dinamik model tabanlı benzetiminin oluşturulması gereklidir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, ÇBAG’da dinamik model oluşturulmasında 3. derece modelinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Stator dinamiğinin yanı sıra rotor dinamik modellemesi de bu çalışmada geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen 3. derece model ile geleneksel olarak kullanılan 5. derece modelin karşılaştırmaları 3 faz arızası 2 faz arızası ve 1 faz toprak arızası durumları için yapılmıştır. Parametreler olarak 34.5 kV bara gerilimi, ÇBAG çıkış gerilimi, açısal hız ve aktif güç kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar neticesinde, sistemin kısa sürede kararlı hale gelmesi ve salınımların sönümlenmesinde geliştirilen 3. derece modelin 5. derece modele göre daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür