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Analysis of changes in teacher education bachelor's programs between 2020-2024 based on YÖK Atlas data
Get PDFÖğretmenlik mesleği son zamanlarda yükseköğretim düzeyinde en çok tartışılan konuların başında gelmektedir ve bu bağlamda çeşitli düzenlemelerin de odağını oluşturmaktadır. Bu duruma bağlı olarak bu çalışmanın temel amacı, 2022-2024 yılları arasında Türkiye'deki eğitim fakültelerinin lisans programlarında gözlenen değişiklikleri YÖK Atlas verileri üzerinden incelemek şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada toplamda 21 ayrı öğretmenlik programına ait 2022-2024 arası verileri devlet üniversiteleri ve vakıf üniversiteleri için ayrı ayrı işlenmiştir. Çalışmada nicel yöntemler içinde yer alan betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmış, veriler YÖK Atlas platformundan alınarak SPSS 26 yazılımında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, bazı öğretmenlik programlarında (örneğin fen bilgisi ve ilköğretim matematik öğretmenliği) ciddi kontenjan boşlukları gözlemlenmiştir. 2024 yılında fen bilgisi öğretmenliği programlarında boş kontenjan oranı %68,5'e kadar yükselmiştir. Bu durum, öğretmenlik mesleğinin cazibesini yitirdiğini ve mezunların iş bulma olanaklarının sınırlı algılandığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca devlet üniversitelerinin, vakıf üniversitelerine göre genellikle daha yüksek akademik başarıya sahip öğrencileri kabul ettiği görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte kümeleme analizi sonuçları, öğretmen adaylarının tercihlerinde en önemli değişken olarak öğretmenlik programının burs olanaklarının (devlet üniversiteleri için ücretsiz olması) en belirgin değişken olduğunu göstermektedir.In recent years, the teaching profession has emerged as one of the most widely debated topics at the level of higher education, becoming a focal point for various regulatory efforts. Within this context, the primary aim of this study was to examine the changes observed in undergraduate programs of education faculties in Turkey during the 2022- 2024 period, utilizing data from the YÖK Atlas platform. The study analysed data for a total of 21 distinct teaching programs, processed separately for public and private universities. A descriptive survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was employed, and the data obtained from the YÖK Atlas platform were analysed using SPSS 26 software. According to the findings, significant gaps in enrolment quotas were observed in certain teaching programs (e.g., science education and elementary mathematics education). For instance, in 2024, the quota vacancy rate in science education programs rose as high as 68.5%. This situation suggests that the teaching profession is losing its appeal and that perceptions of limited employment opportunities for graduates persist. Furthermore, it was observed that public universities generally admit students with higher academic achievement compared to private universities. Cluster analysis results also revealed that the most significant factor influencing the preferences of prospective teachers was the availability of scholarships, with tuition-free education at public universities standing out as the most prominent variable
HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA: UNRAVELING A LETHAL CONNECTION WITH ICU MORTALITY IN CRITICALLY ILL COVID-19 PATIENTS: A MULTICENTER OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Get PDFBackground: Despite a lack of sufficient knowledge about the prevalence and impact of hypophosphatemia in critically ill COVID-19 patients, organ dysfunction, adverse clinical outcomes, and increased mortality have been consistently associated with hypophosphatemia across diverse patient populations. This retrospective, observational study aimed to investigate hypophosphatemia (HypoP) frequency and establish the correlation between variations in serum phos-phorus levels and outcomes in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2. Methods: The research comprised 205 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 confirmed via RT-PCR. The study included COVID-19 patients who experienced respiratory failure and were in intensive care for more than 24 hours, and their phosphorus values were accurately documented. Clinical parameters, comorbidities, respiratory support require-ments, and laboratory findings were analysed. Results: The study participants had a median age of 64 (IQR: 54-75 years), with hypertension being the most pre-valent chronic disease (46%). During the first three days of intensive care, 33% of the participants received conven-tional oxygen support, whereas 54% required intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV). During this period, hypo-phosphatemia was noted in 25% of patients, with an ICU admission median serum phosphorus level of 1.02 (0.87-1.25) mmol/L. The median duration of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) was 7 days, significantly extended in patients with hypophosphatemia (p=0.046). Phosphorus levels on the third day of ICU stay were an independent predictor of ICU mortality. (COX, HR=1.48, 95% CI=1.11-1.98, p=0.006) Conclusions: During the first three days of ICU admission, 25% of SARS-CoV-2 critically ill adult patients presented with hypophosphatemia. This condition was found to increase ICU mortality rates and prolong ICU stays. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor serum phosphorus levels in the care of critically ill COVID-19 patients
Development and characterization of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber reinforced by green material lignin
Get PDFEffects of lignin on the rheological, mechanical, chemical and aging properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber used in the production of sealing profiles were investigated. It is reinforced with carbon black to provide the necessary conditions in all automotive vehicles. However, all automotive manufacturers have started to research biodegradable materials instead of petroleum-based products in vehicles due to environmental problems and human health threats. Therefore, the possibility of using lignin instead of carbon black was investigated. EPDM plate samples were prepared by adding different amounts of commercial lignin, lignin black solution and maleic anhydride modified forms. The effects of lignin as a filler were analyzed rheologically, mechanically and chemically. Also surfaces were checked by scanning electron microscope after ageing. Commercial lignin made EPDM more resistant to ultraviolet and weathering, while unmodified black solution made it less resistant than carbon black. Adding commercial lignin and its modified form instead of carbon black provided the best mechanical properties. Additionally, it was determined that the addition of lignin as a filler did not cause any chemical degradation in the EPDM matrix
INVESTIGATION TO THE V-I CHARACTERISTICS OF ROGOWSKI COILS WITH MAGNETIC FILAMENTS BY REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Get PDFThe efficiency and magnetic saturation performances of the 3D printed magnetic composite cores are currently a bit far from competing with silicon steel in traditional motor topologies and transformer applications. However, the flexibility provided in 3D design and the rapid advancement in the production technologies are rapidly reducing the gap between these performances. Linear V-I characteristics can be obtained in the 3D printing magnetic cores using the filaments produced by mixing magnetic powders such as Iron, Nickel, Cobalt with polymer in different ratios. This makes them suitable for the Rogowski Coil (RC) applications. RCs are required to have linear V-I characteristics in order to measure low and high currents with the same sensitivity in the defined current measurement range. In this paper, nickel-filled filaments produced by mixing nickel and polymer in different ratios were used for the production of flexible RC cores. The V-I characteristics of RCs produced using 40% and 60% nickel-filled filaments and air-core RC have been modeled using the linear regression analysis. The success of the mathematical models has also been tested with four different error analyses. The proven mathematical models of the RCs will provide new inspiration to the researchers for magnetic applications. Optimal RC designs can be investigated using the mathematical models in the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) package programs
Excess Fructose Intake Activates Hyperinsulinemia and Mitogenic MAPK Pathways in Association With Cellular Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in the Pancreas of Rats
Get PDFThe increase in sugar consumption has been associated with current metabolic disease epidemics. This study aimed to investigate the pancreatic molecular mechanisms involved in cellular stress, inflammation, mitogenesis, and apoptosis in metabolic disease induced by high-fructose diet. Here, we used biochemical, histopathological, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry methods to determine the metabolic and pancreatic alterations in male Wistar rats fed 20% fructose in drinking water for 15 weeks. High-fructose consumption in rats increased the immunopositivity and protein expression of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and insulin in the pancreatic tissue, in association with abdominal adiposity, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. The expressions of cellular stress markers, glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP78) and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), were increased in the pancreas. The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and IL-1 beta and components of the Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were elevated. Excess fructose intake stimulated the activation of mitogenic extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1 as well as the apoptotic p53 and Fas pathways in the pancreas of rats. There was also an increase in caspase-8 and caspase-3 cleavage. Our findings revealed that dietary high-fructose in the pancreas causes hyperinsulinemia due to the upregulation of GLUT2 together with cellular stress and inflammatory markers, thereby stimulates mitogenic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and apoptosis pathways, resulting in a complex pathological situation.Gazi University Research FundTurkish Council of Higher Education (YOK)Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)This study was supported by grants from the Gazi University Research Fund (TDK-2022-7661). Ceren Guney thanks the Turkish Council of Higher Education (YOK) and Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) for PhD scholarships (100/2000 and BIDEB 2211-A)
Computational exploration of lichen secondary metabolite usnic acid: electronic properties, ADMET profiling, and antiviral potential against dengue virus NS5 protein
Get PDFThis study comprehensively evaluates the lichen-derived usnic acid (UA) as a potential antiviral agent targeting the dengue virus NS5 protein. Density functional theory (DFT) employs B3LYP/PBE0 methodologies alongside def2-SVP/TZVP basis sets, revealing UA's electronic profile: moderate HOMO-LUMO gaps (3.80-4.24 eV), high electrophilicity (16.25-20.47 eV), and solvation-induced polarization (dipole moments up to 5.23 Debye). Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and reduced density gradient (RDG) analyses identified reactive oxygen sites and intramolecular hydrogen bonding, which are critical for biological interactions. ADMET predictions highlighted favorable drug-like properties (MW = 344.09 g/mol, HIA = 99.12%) but flagged liabilities, including poor solubility (logS = - 4.34), high plasma protein binding (97.16%), hepatotoxicity (DILI probability = 0.991), and CYP-mediated metabolism (CYP2C9/2C19 inhibition > 0.89). Molecular docking demonstrated UA's superior binding affinity (- 8.03 kcal/mol) to NS5 compared to the control ligand, driven by hydrogen bonds with Asp146/Val132 and hydrophobic interactions. However, rapid clearance (t(1)/(2) = 1.45 h) and toxicity risks necessitate structural optimization. This work positions UA as a promising scaffold for antiviral development, contingent on mitigating metabolic instability and toxicity through targeted modifications. The integration of quantum chemical, pharmacokinetic, and docking analyses provides a robust framework for advancing therapeutics derived from UA
A critical discourse analysis of news on forest resources in Turkish newspapers
Get PDFThis study investigates how Turkish newspapers frame forest-related issues through a critical discourse analysis of articles published in Cumhuriyet, Posta, and Sabah between 2010 and 2021. Utilizing Teun A. van Dijk's critical discourse analysis approach, the articles were categorized into four main themes: deforestation, forest fires, afforestation, and other forestry issues. Selected articles from each newspaper on these themes were analyzed. Findings reveal significant editorial differences; Cumhuriyet adopted a critical stance, highlighting governmental inadequacies, while Sabah employed supportive narratives portraying government efforts as effective. Posta aligned somewhat with the government by avoiding criticism and emphasizing neutral causes like global warming. The analysis underscores discrepancies in thematic structures, background context, and source selection, influenced by each newspaper's ideological alignment. Additionally, the crisis-oriented discourse prevalent across themes accentuated forest fires and their consequences. The study concludes that ideological orientations significantly shape media portrayals of forestry issues, influencing public perception and policy dialogue. Enhancing environmental journalism and fostering collaboration between media and forestry experts are recommended to improve public understanding of forest management challenges.The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article
Scrum Metodolojisi Kullanılarak Yönetilen Projelerde Fonksiyonel ve Otomasyon Testlerinin Türkiye’de Yazılım Geliştiren Firmalardaki İşleyiş Analizi
Get PDFBu çalışmada, Türkiye'deki yazılım geliştirme firmalarında Scrum metodolojisinin proje yönetiminde nasıl uygulandığı ve bu bağlamda fonksiyonel ve otomasyon test süreçlerinin işleyişi analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma, Scrum metodolojisinin çalışanlar tarafından benimsenme düzeyine ve test süreçlerine entegrasyonuna odaklanmaktadır. Özellikle fonksiyonel ve otomasyon test süreçlerinin Scrum çerçevesinde nasıl optimize edildiği ve bu süreçlerin proje verimliliği ile başarısına etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, katılımcıların demografik profilleri, mesleki ve akademik geçmişleri, Scrum metodolojisine aşinalıkları ve test süreçlerindeki deneyimleri dikkate alınarak kapsamlı bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, araştırmaya dahil olan firmaların büyük çoğunluğunun Scrum metodolojisini benimsediğini ve test süreçlerinin ağırlıklı olarak otomasyon araçlarıyla desteklendiğini göstermektedir. Sonuçlar, Scrum metodolojisinin test süreçlerinin entegrasyonu ve yönetimi açısından etkili bir çerçeve sunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır
The relationship between the power sources used by principals and teachers' perceptions of organizational citizenship
Get PDFAraştırma, okul müdürlerinin kullandıkları güç kaynakları ile öğretmenlerin örgütsel vatandaşlık algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evreni, 2023-2024 Eğitim-Öğretim yılında Düzce ili Merkez ilçesinde görev yapan öğretmenlerden oluşmaktadır. Bu araştırmada veriler, öğretmenlerin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarını belirlemek amacıyla Polat (2007) tarafından geliştirilen "Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Ölçeği", okul yöneticilerinin kullandıkları güç kaynaklarına ilişkin algılarını belirlemek amacıyla ise Altınkurt ve Yılmaz (2012) tarafından geliştirilen "Okullarda Örgütsel Güç Kaynakları Ölçeği" kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, betimsel istatistikler, t-testi, ANOVA ve Pearson korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Anlamlı farkların tespitinde Tukey testi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, öğretmenlerin en yüksek algıya sahip oldukları güç kaynağının uzmanlık gücü, en düşük algıya sahip oldukları kaynağın ise zorlayıcı güç olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı düzeyleri genel olarak "kararsızım" düzeyinde bulunmuş; alt boyutlar arasında en yüksek ortalamanın sivil erdem, en düşüğünün ise yardımlaşma boyutuna ait olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, demografik faktörlerin (cinsiyet, medeni durum, kıdem, okul türü, görev süresi ve mezuniyet durumu) öğretmenlerin güç algıları ve örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışları üzerinde farklı etkiler yarattığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, öğretmenlerin güç algıları ile örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışları arasında pozitif ve anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Bu ilişkiler içerisinde en yüksek düzey karizmatik güç algısında, en düşük düzey ise zorlayıcı güç algısında tespit edilmiştir. Regresyon analizleri sonucunda ise yalnızca zorlayıcı gücün örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarını ve özellikle yardımlaşma ile sivil erdem alt boyutlarını anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı saptanmıştır. Diğer güç kaynaklarının yordayıcılığı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Sonuçlara göre, okul müdürlerinin kullandıkları güç kaynaklarının öğretmenlerin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışları üzerinde etkili olduğu, bu etkinin ise güç kaynağının türüne göre değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Ortaya çıkan bu sonuçlara göre, okul müdürlerinin kullandıkları örgütsel güç kaynaklarının öğretmenlerin örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışları üzerinde etkili olduğu, bu etkinin ise güç kaynağının türüne göre değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara ilişkin uygulayıcılara ve araştırmacılara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.The study examines the relationship between the power sources used by school principals and teachers' perceptions of organizational citizenship. The study was conducted using the correlational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods. The population of the study consists of teachers working in the Central District of Düzce Province during the 2023-2024 academic year. In this study, data were collected using the "Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale" developed by Polat (2007) to determine teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors, and the "Organizational Power Resources Scale in Schools" developed by Altınkurt and Yılmaz (2012) to determine school administrators' perceptions of the power resources they use. The obtained data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis. The Tukey test was applied to identify significant differences. The results of the analysis revealed that the power source with which teachers had the highest perception was expertise power, while the source with the lowest perception was coercive power. Organizational citizenship behavior levels were generally found to be at the "undecided" level; among the sub-dimensions, the highest average was found in the civic virtue dimension, while the lowest was in the cooperation dimension. Additionally, it was concluded that demographic factors (gender, marital status, seniority, school type, length of service, and graduation status) had different effects on teachers' perceptions of power and organizational citizenship behavior. According to the results of the correlation analysis, positive and significant relationships were found between teachers' perceptions of power and organizational citizenship behavior. Among these relationships, the highest level was found in charismatic power perceptions, while the lowest level was found in coercive power perceptions. Regression analyses revealed that only coercive power significantly predicted organizational citizenship behaviors, particularly the subdimensions of helping and civic virtue. The predictive power of other power sources was not found to be statistically significant. According to the results, the power sources used by school principals are effective on teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors, and this effect varies depending on the type of power source. Based on these findings, it was determined that the organizational power sources used by school principals are effective on teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors, and that this effect varies depending on the type of power source. Recommendations were made to practitioners and researchers regarding these findings
Efficiency analysis of library environments: determining optimum working conditions with iot sensors and machine learning
Get PDFBu çalışma, üniversite kütüphanelerindeki çevresel koşulların izlenmesi ve analizine yönelik olarak Nesnelerin İnterneti (IoT) tabanlı bir sistemin geliştirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Sistemde; ses düzeyi, ışık şiddeti, sıcaklık, nem, hava kalitesi ve kişi yoğunluğu gibi çevresel faktörler sensör ve mikrodenetleyiciler aracılığıyla toplanmış, kişi yoğunluğu ise kamera tabanlı görüntü işleme teknikleri ile ölçülmüştür. Kullanıcı deneyimleri anket yöntemiyle elde edilen geri bildirimlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, K-En Yakın Komşu (K-Nearest Neighbors, KNN), Lojistik Regresyon (Logistic Regression), Karar Ağacı (Decision Tree), Rastgele Orman (Random Forest), Destek Vektör Makineleri (Support Vector Machines, SVM), Aşırı Gradyan Artırma (Extreme Gradient Boosting, XGBoost) ve Naive Bayes algoritmalarıyla analiz edilmiştir. Her bir çevresel faktör için ayrı ayrı ve tüm veriler bütünleştirilerek modelleme yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; ses düzeyinde KNN %96.14, ışık verilerinde Random Forest %74.70, hava kalitesi analizinde Random Forest %90.14, sıcaklık verilerinde KNN %98.13, kalabalık analizinde Random Forest %40.46 ve genel değerlendirmede KNN %99.04 F1 skoru ile en yüksek başarıyı göstermiştir. Geliştirilen kullanıcı arayüzü, eğitilmiş modellerin ağırlık dosyalarını kullanarak her kullanıcı için ortam analizleri sunmakta; iç ortam hava kalitesi, ses düzeyi, sıcaklık ve ışık düzeyi gibi parametreleri değerlendirerek ortam kalitesini düşüren ana faktörleri kullanıcıya sunmaktadır. Kullanıcı geri bildirimlerinin çevresel verilerle entegre edilmesiyle oluşturulan model, ortamın genel uygunluk seviyesini belirlemekte ve çalışma ortamının verimliliği hakkında bütüncül analiz sağlamaktadır. Sonuçlar, çevresel faktörlerin bütüncül izlenmesinin ve kullanıcı geri bildirimlerinin kütüphane çalışma ortamlarını iyileştirmede kritik bir rol oynadığını ortaya koymuş, özellikle KNN algoritması %99.04 F1 skoru ile en yüksek başarıyı elde ederek veri bütünlüğü ve kullanıcı geri bildirimlerinin entegrasyonunun modelin doğruluğunu artırdığını göstermiştir. Bu tez, çevresel izleme sistemlerini klasik kontrol mekanizmalarının ötesine taşıyarak, kullanıcı odaklı geri bildirimlerle entegre edilmiş, esnek, ölçeklenebilir ve sahada uygulanabilir bir karar destek sistemine dönüştürmektedir. Ortaya konulan yaklaşım; yalnızca kütüphane ortamlarının değil, tüm ortak kullanım alanlarının çevresel konforunu artırmaya yönelik sürdürülebilir dijital dönüşüm politikaları için güçlü, bilimsel temelli ve uygulanabilir bir yol haritası sunmaktadır.This study aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for monitoring and analyzing environmental conditions in university libraries. In the system, environmental factors such as sound levels, light intensity, temperature, humidity, air quality, and crowd density are collected through sensors and microcontrollers, with crowd density measured using camera-based image processing techniques. User experiences are evaluated through feedback obtained via surveys. The collected data have been analyzed using algorithms including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Naive Bayes. Modeling has been performed for each environmental factor separately, and all data have been integrated for a comprehensive analysis. According to the analysis results, KNN showed the highest performance with an F1 score of 96.14% for sound levels, Random Forest achieved 74.70% for light data, 90.14% for air quality analysis, KNN showed 98.13% for temperature data, Random Forest performed with 40.46% for crowd density analysis, and KNN reached the highest performance with an F1 score of 99.04% for overall evaluation. The developed user interface provides real-time environmental analyses for each user by utilizing the weight files of the trained models, evaluating parameters such as indoor air quality, sound levels, temperature, and light intensity, and presenting the main factors that degrade environmental quality to the user. By integrating user feedback with environmental data, the model determines the overall suitability of the environment and provides a holistic analysis of the efficiency of the work environment. The results show that the comprehensive monitoring of environmental factors and the integration of user feedback play a critical role in improving library work environments. Particularly, the KNN algorithm, with its F1 score of 99.04%, demonstrated that the integration of data integrity and user feedback significantly improves the model's accuracy. This thesis transforms environmental monitoring systems beyond classical control mechanisms into a flexible, scalable, and field-applicable decision support system integrated with user-centered feedback. The proposed approach offers a robust, scientifically-based, and applicable roadmap for sustainable digital transformation policies aimed at improving the environmental comfort not only of library settings but also of all shared spaces