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Using Exergaming for Teaching Children With Autism in Physical Education
Get PDFThis article aims to provide physical education teachers with tips to help them become more effective in catering to the needs of students with ASD by using innovative program options such as exergaming.Qatar National LibraryOpen Access funding was provided by the Qatar National Library
Investigation of hardness depth and mechanical properties of sae 5140 ball stud after induction hardening
Get PDFBinek araçların gelişim sürecine baktığımızda daha güvenli, daha konforlu bir tasarım için sürekli araştırma ve geliştirme yapıldığı görülmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda tasarımların değiştiği ve gerekli durumlarda malzemede de değişikliğe gidilerek dinamik ya da statik çalışma şartlarında mekanik davranışlar incelenmektedir. Optimum çalışma şartlarına göre yapılan deneysel testler bize daha güvenli mekanik parçalar üretmeye imkân sağlamaktadır. Özellikle araçlarda sürüş güvenliği ve konforu açısından vazgeçilmez bir durumda olan süspansiyon parçalarının üretimim tasarımı ve testleri hayati önem taşımaktadır. Süspansiyon parçalarının birbirleriyle uyum içerisinde çalışması ve sürüş esnasında zeminden gelen titreşim hareketlerini sönümlemek hem sürücü hem de yolcuların konforu için ayrı bir önem taşımaktadır. Süspansiyon parçaları içerisinde rotil parçasının ana bileşenlerden biri de küresel mafsallardır. Küresel mafsalın emniyeti açısından önemlidir ve tekerlekler ile süspansiyon arasındaki bağlantıyı ve aracın yönlendirilmesini ayrıca rahat bir sürüş deneyimi sağlar. Küresel mafsalın farklı düzlemlerde ve açılarda döndüğünden dolayı yüksek oranda gerilime ve aşınmaya maruz kalırlar. Aşınmayı ve hasarı önlemek amacıyla küresel mafsalın dış yüzeyine belirli derinlikte indüksiyon sertleştirme uygulaması yapılmaktadır. Bu yöntem lokal olarak istenilen yüzeylerin sertliği için büyük avantaj taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada SAE5140 malzemesinden üretilen küresel mafsal için yeni bir bobin tasarımı yapıldı.2,3,4,5 s ısıtma süresi ve 3,4,5 s soğutma işlemine tutulan küresel mafsalların sertlik derinliği, sertlik değeri, bükme test sonuçları ve mikro yapısı incelenmiş olup ısıtma süresi artıkça indüksiyon derinliği ve bükme kuvvetinin artığı, sonlu elemanlar yönteminde yapılan analiz sonucuna göre ısıtma süresi artıkça boyun bölgesindeki eşdeğer gerilme değerinin artığı görülmüştür. En yüksek sertlik değeri, bükme kuvveti ve sonlu elamanlar yöntemine göre boyun bölgesi eşdeğer gerilme değeri 5 s ısıtma ve 5 s soğutma işleminde görülmüştür.When we look at the development process of passenger vehicles, it is seen that continuous research and development is carried out for a safer, more comfortable design. As a result of the studies carried out, mechanical behaviors are studied under dynamic or static working conditions when the designs change and, if necessary, the material changes as well. Experimental tests conducted according to optimal operating conditions allow us to produce safer mechanical parts. Especially in vehicles, the design and testing of the production of suspension parts, which are in an indispensable condition in terms of driving safety and comfort, are of vital importance. It is of particular importance for the suspension parts to work in harmony with each other and to dampen the vibration movements coming from the ground during driving for the comfort of both the driver and passengers. Ball joints are one of the main components of the rotor part in suspension parts. It is important for the safety of the Ball joints and ensures the connection between the wheels and the suspension and the orientation of the vehicle, as well as a comfortable driving experience. Due to the fact that the ball stud rotates in different planes and angles, they are subjected to a high degree of stress and wear. Induction hardening is applied to the outer surface of the ball stud at a certain depth in order to prevent wear and damage. This method has a great advantage for the hardness of locally desired surfaces. In this study, a new coil design was made for the ball stud produced from SAE5140 material. The hardness depth, hardness value, bending test results and microstructure of the ball stud held for 2,3,4,5 sec heating time and 3,4,5 sec cooling process were examined, and the induction depth and bending force increased as the heating time increased, the equivalent stress value in the neck region increased as the heating time increased according to the analysis result performed by the finite element method. The highest stiffness value, bending force and equivalent stress value of the neck region according to the finite element method were observed in the 5 sec heating and 5 sec cooling process
Could serum IGF-1 and IGF-2 serve as potential biomarkers in idiopathic Parkinson's disease? A correlation with disease stages
Get PDFIntroduction Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity, akinesia, and postural instability. Dysfunction in lysosomal autophagy, involving proteins like IGF-1(insulin like growth factor) and IGF-2, contributes to neuroinflammation and neuronal death. Reliable biomarkers for IPD diagnosis and monitoring remain elusive. This study investigates serum IGF-1 and IGF-2 levels to evaluate their biomarker potential. Methods Eighty-four individuals (43 IPD patients, 41 controls) aged 18-79 were included. Diagnoses followed the UK Brain Bank Criteria; disease severity was assessed with Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) and UPDRS scales. Serum IGF-1 and IGF-2 levels were measured using ELISA. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v30.0. Normality was assessed via the Shapiro-Wilk test. Based on data distribution, Independent Samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman correlation, and ROC analysis were applied. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Serum IGF-2 levels were significantly higher in patients compared to controls (p = 0.006), while IGF-1 levels showed no significant difference. Both IGF-1 and IGF-2 levels displayed negatively correlated with disease duration (p = 0.044 and p = 0.008). Although IGF-1 and IGF-2 levels appeared elevated at H&Y stage 2, the differences were not statistically significant. No significant associations were observed between IGF levels and UPDRS scores or medication use. Conclusion Elevated serum IGF-2 levels indicate its potential as a biomarker for IPD. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of IGF-1 and IGF-2 in IPD pathophysiology, suggesting that further multicenter studies are needed to clarify their diagnostic and therapeutic potential.Scientific Research Projects Commission of Duezce University [2020.04.03.1108]This research was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Commission of Duezce University under the project number 2020.04.03.1108
Application of Monte Carlo simulation and stochastic fractional search algorithm for solar PV placement considering diverse solar radiations
Get PDFThis study employs Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) within the structure of the Stochastic Fractional Search Algorithm (SFSA) to address circumstances involving uncertainty. The goal is to improve the system's performance by creating probability distribution functions for bus voltages and branch currents. We will use the resultant distribution in chance-constrained stochastic scheduling. The objective of the present research is to analyze the impact of uncertainties in the operation of photovoltaic (PV) systems, specifically in relation to different solar radiation conditions, on the amount of power loss. The approach focuses on including stochastic constraints in distribution systems instead of depending solely on precise deterministic boundaries. The goal is to enhance efficiency and ensure optimal consumption of power. This research enhances the knowledge base on PV unit positioning in distribution systems by integrating meta-heuristic optimization and MCS into a comprehensive framework. The investigation centers on the implementation of a chance-constrained method. We evaluate the optimization results using MCS under various uncertainty scenarios to demonstrate the effectiveness of the recommended approach. Furthermore, we conduct an analysis to assess the likelihood of exceeding the system's boundaries. The strategy's effectiveness is assessed by comparing the results of the SFSA with the Firefly algorithm (FA) utilizing probabilistic evaluation and simulation
Comparative clinical results of radiofrequency ablation and intraarticular hyaluronic acid application in stage 2-3 knee osteoarthritis.
Get PDFAmaç: Bu çalışmada, kronik diz ağrısında radyofrekans ablasyon (RFA) yöntemi ile hyaluronik asit (HA) enjeksiyonunun etkinliği karşılaştırılmıştır. Tedavi yöntemlerinin ağrı, fonksiyonel durum ve yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 53 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Bunlardan 29'u RFA yöntemi, 24'ü ise HA enjeksiyonu ile tedavi edilmiştir. Hastalar işlem öncesi ve işlem sonrası 1. ay, 3. ay ve 6. ayda ağrı (VAS), fonksiyonel durumu (WOMAC, Lysholm), Tampa Kinezyofobi Ölçeği (TKS) ve yaşam kalitesi (SF-36) ölçekleriyle, psikolojik durumu Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar bağımsız gruplarda t testi ve Mann Whitney U testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Zaman içindeki değişimler tekrarlı ölçümlerde varyans analizi ve Friedman testiyle incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Her iki tedavi yönteminin de ağrıyı azaltmada ve fonksiyonel iyileşme sağlamada etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Ancak, RFA yöntemi, işlem sonrası 3. ve 6. aylarda VAS skorlarında HA enjeksiyonuna göre anlamlı derecede daha iyi sonuçlar göstermiştir (p<0.05). Fonksiyonel durum ve yaşam kalitesi ve psikolojik durumu ölçümlerinde de RFA grubunda daha belirgin iyileşme gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: RFA, kronik diz ağrısında ağrıyı azaltmada, fonksiyonel durumu, depresyon düzeylerini iyileştirmede ve yaşam kalitesini artırmada HA enjeksiyonuna göre daha etkili bir yöntemdir. RFA, minimal invaziv bir tedavi seçeneği olarak özellikle uzun vadeli etkileriyle öne çıkmaktadır.Objective: This study compared the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) injection in chronic knee pain. The effects of the treatment methods on pain, functional status and quality of life were evaluated. Materials and Methods: A total of 53 patients were included in the study. Of these, 29 patients were treated with RFA and 24 patients were treated with HA injection. Pain (VAS), functional status (WOMAC, Lysholm), Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS) and quality of life (SF-36) scales and psychological status (Beck Depression Scale) were evaluated before and 1, 3 and 6 months after the procedure. Differences between groups were analyzed by independent samples t test and Mann Whitney U test. Changes over time were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Friedman test. Results: Both treatment methods were found to be effective in reducing pain and providing functional improvement. However, RFA method showed significantly better results than HA injection in VAS scores at 3 and 6 months after the procedure (p<0.05). Functional status and quality of life and psychological status measurements also showed more significant improvement in the RFA group. Conclusion: RFA is a more effective method than HA injection in reducing pain, improving functional status, depression levels and improving quality of life in chronic knee pain. RFA stands out as a minimally invasive treatment option, especially with its long-term effects
Personal visual analyses on archive and memory
Get PDF"Arşiv ve Hafızaya Yönelik Kişisel Görsel Çözümlemeler" isimli bu çalışma, hafıza kavramını fotoğraf arşivleri, birey, nesne ve mekân ilişkileri bağlamında incelemektedir. Hafızanın bireyin varoluşu ve kimlik oluşumu üzerindeki etkilerini ve hatırlama biçimlerinin çeşitliliğini sorgulayarak, belleğe dair kişisel bir bakış acısı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Beş bölümden oluşan çalışmanın ilk ana başlığında hafıza ve arşiv kavramları incelenerek ikisi arasındaki ilişki kurulmuştur. Bu bölümde hatırlama eylemi ve arşivin bireysel bellek ve kimlik üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. İkinci ana başlıkta ise fotoğrafın bellek üzerindeki işlevi merkeze alınmıştır. Fotoğrafın geçmişe dair izleri taşıma bireysel çağrışımlar yaratma gibi özellikleri üzerinde durularak, fotoğrafa yapılan müdahaleler ile eksik bellek ve kurgusal bellek kavramları çalışmalar bağlamında yorumlanmış ve belli eserlerden alıntılar yapılarak incelenmiştir. Son ana başlıkta ise mekân ve nesnelerin hatırlama aracı olarak görülmesi bağlamında, bireyin belleğine ve kimlik oluşumuna katkıları incelenerek, bu unsurların hafıza ile olan ilişkisi ele alınmıştır.This study titled "Personal Visual Analyses on Archive and Memory" analyses the concept of memory in the context of photography archives, individual, object and space relations. It aims to present a personal perspective on memory by questioning the effects of memory on the individual's existence and identity formation and the diversity of forms of remembering. In the first main title of the study consisting of five chapters, the concepts of memory and archive are analysed and the relationship between the two is established. In this section, the effects of the act of remembering and the archive on individual memory and identity are emphasised. In the second main title, the function of photography on memory is centred. By focusing on the features of photography such as carrying traces of the past and creating individual associations, the interventions made to the photograph and the concepts of incomplete memory and fictional memory were interpreted in the context of the studies and analysed by quoting from certain works. In the last main heading, in the context of seeing space and objects as a means of remembrance, their contributions to the individual's memory and identity formation are analysed, and the relationship between these elements and memory is discussed
Phytochemical profiling, anticancer effects on hepatocellular carcinoma and antimicrobial activities of four edible fungi: Unraveling mechanisms by molecular docking studies
Get PDFEdible mushrooms, with their nutritional composition, pleasant taste, and flavor, have been used in food and traditional medicine worldwide for many years. Due to their secondary metabolites, they exhibit broad biological activities. This research aimed to analyze the phenolic contents by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and investigate the anticancer and antimicrobial properties of Cantharellus cibarius, Craterellus cornucopioides, Ramaria formosa, and Hydnum repandum extracts. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of extracts was determined by the well diffusion method and colorimetric assay kit, respectively. The extracts' ability to inhibit cell proliferation was tested on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line HepG2 and Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using the WST-1 (2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2Htetrazolium, monosodium salt) assay. The effect of H. repandum extract on the levels of Bcl-2-Associated X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), caspase-3, cyclin D1, and p53 proteins' expression was assessed through the western blot, and its influence on apoptosis was investigated using flow cytometry. Antimicrobial activity results revealed that the extracts produced inhibition zones ranging from 9.8 to 16.8 mm against bacteria and 9.8-17.6 mm against yeasts. H. repandum showed high antibacterial and antioxidant (7.45 +/- 0.17 mmol Trolox equivalent/L) activities attributable to its high chlorogenic and gallic acid content. H. repandum also showed the highest selective cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells compared to control HUVECs. H. repandum extract triggered apoptosis in HepG2 cells, markedly elevated the expression of Bax, p53, and caspase-3, and substantially reduced the levels of cyclin D1. Binding interactions between caspase-3 and the most abundant compounds in the H. repandum extract, alongside their pharmacokinetic profile, were supported by molecular docking analysis and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) studies.Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Department [2022/128]This work was supported by the Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Department, grant number 2022/128
Sustainable lightweight wall blocks from recycled construction waste: The role of diatomite in mechanical ecological and thermal optimization
Get PDFThis study evaluates the recycling potential of lightweight masonry blocks obtained from construction and demolition waste. The study used waste clay brick (WCB) and waste foam concrete (WFC) as fine aggregates to produce environmentally friendly lightweight masonry blocks. Diatomite, a natural pozzolanic material, was used as an additive in block production by replacing 10 %, 20 % and 30 % cement. The density of the material was reduced by using 6-7 % foam in the block mixtures. The produced samples' physical, mechanical, mineralogical, microscopic and thermal conductivity properties were analyzed. According to the experimental results, the density of the blocks varied between 0.98 and 1.12 g/cm3 , 28-day compressive strength was determined as 2.2-6.3 MPa and thermal conductivity coefficient as 0.15-0.21 W/mK. In mixtures where WCB aggregate was used, strength decreased while density increased; however, blocks produced with WFC aggregate showed higher compressive strength. The addition of diatomite increased the strength in the mixtures with WFC aggregate and decreased the strength in the series with WCB aggregate; however, diatomite significantly reduced the coefficient of thermal conductivity in all series. In SEM analyses, it was observed that the samples with diatomite addition had a more compact structure. XRD analyses revealed that diatomite reacted with calcium hydroxide to reduce the amount of Portlandite and consequently increased the strength. TG-DTA analyses show that diatomite contributes to the pozzolanic reaction. Thanks to the use of 30 % diatomite, carbon emissions and embodied energy in producing lightweight block elements have been reduced by 35-40 %. In addition, the cost of these blocks could be reduced by up to 45 % with 30 % diatomite. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that WCB and WFC wastes can be used as fine aggregates in lightweight masonry blocks. The study offers a new approach to producing a sustainable building material by solving environmental problems
Material and Design Analysis of Doors in Traditional Düzce-Konuralp Architecture
Get PDFThis study presents a detailed analysis of the doors found in traditional buildings located in the historical Konuralp region of D & uuml;zce. Within the scope of the research, three structures were selected from the traditional neighborhoods of Konuralp, focusing on those that have preserved their original architectural features. The analysis encompasses the functions of the doors, their opening directions, horizontal and vertical alignments, dimensions, and material properties, as well as decorative and ornamental characteristics. Location information and photographs of the buildings, along with the distinctive features of each door, were documented through comprehensive inventory studies. The results of the study reveal the structural and aesthetic qualities of the doors belonging to traditional Turkish houses and emphasize the necessity for restoration and preservation efforts for doors that have experienced deterioration. This study aims to contribute to the preservation of the traditional architectural heritage in the region. Furthermore, it suggests that appropriate conservation strategies should be developed to transmit the construction techniques and unique characteristics of these doors to future generations. In this context, the study aims to serve as a resource for documenting and preserving traditional structures in the Konuralp region and provides a scientific foundation that can be used as a reference in similar research studies
Analysis of Commentators' Interpretations of the Verse 'Allah is at Work Every Day' in the Context of Deism
Get PDFRecent observations have indicated an apparent resurgence of deism in the country. This phenomenon prompts the question of whether the Qur'an offers any elaboration on the subject. Some tafsirs have interpreted verse 29 of Surah Rahman All those in the heavens and the earth are dependent on Him. Day in and day out (moment of every) He has something to bring about. to be a response to deists. Deism posits the doctrine that God created the universe, yet refrained from subsequent intervention. It is noteworthy that the Jewish tradition also holds the belief that God rests on Saturday. This lends credence to the proposition that Allah rendered many of his actions ineffective following the act of creation. Consequently, it is imperative to undertake a thorough investigation of the tafsirs provided by scholars on the pertinent verse, and to juxtapose these interpretations with the tenets of deism. The investigation revealed that commentators placed significant emphasis on the words (sic) (sha'n) and (sic) (yawm) mentioned in the verse. Consequently, the utilisiton of these two words in the poetry of the Period of Ignorance and the Quran along with the meanings attributed to them by lexicographers were examined. The subsequent discussion focused on the explanations and evidence provided by the commentators. The narrations related to the word sha'n, meaning the work of Allah, from the companions and the tabiin were analyzed in terms of chain and text. The analysis suggested that the reason for the revelation of the verse might have been associated with the Jews. It has been observed that while the narrations were given due consideration by the early period commentators, subsequent commentators interpreted the verse in a more general sense, thereby limiting its meaning. In these interpretations, Allah's relationship with the universe is highlighted and His activity over time is revealed through the meanings given to the concepts of yawm and sha'n. The commentators have posited evidence that Allah will not relinquish or suspend His actions at any moment in time. The research has revealed that the word sha'n encompasses all the actions of Allah and that Allah performs numerous actions concurrently. The term yawm has been identified as a comprehensive expression denoting time, day and moment. This suggests that Allah exercises sovereignty over This suggests that Allah exercises sovereignty over every moment in time, perpetually creates and remains active throughout all periods in this world and the hereafter