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q-Schroder sequence spaces and Schroder core
Get PDFThis research employs the q-Schroder matrix to create the sequence spaces c(0)((S) over tilde (q)), c((S) over tilde (q)),l(infinity)((S) over tilde (q)) and l(p)((S) over tilde (q)) where (1 <= p < infinity). We demonstrate certain topological features, derive Schauder bases, calculate the alpha, beta and gamma duals of new sequence spaces, build some matrix classes, and finally show some topological properties. In addition, we give Schroder's core of complex valued sequences and define various inclusion theorems for the new core type
A novel bidirectional long short-term memory model with multi-head attention for accurate language detection
Get PDFLanguage detection, one of the most important elements used in natural language processing, is used extensively in various applications such as machine translation, sentiment analysis, and information retrieval. Thanks to language detection, communication between people in many different countries is possible. In addition, human-animal interaction can also be carried out in this area. In this paper, a novel Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory model with Multi-Head Attention mechanism is proposed to accurately classify text into 17 languages, namely Arabic, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Hindi, Italian, Kannada, Malayalam, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, and Turkish. A publicly available dataset consisting of 10,337 texts written in the above-mentioned languages is utilized to train and evaluate the proposed model. The proposed novel model achieved an extraordinary accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 99.9%, outperforming the state-of-the-art baseline models. In particular, the proposed model demonstrated perfect precision (100%) for 15 languages, namely Arabic, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Hindi, Italian, Kannada, Malayalam, Portuguese, Russian, Swedish, Tamil, and Turkish. This research highlights the effectiveness of deep learning techniques in language detection, providing promising avenues for further advances in the field of multilingual text processing
A new approach to prealbumin as a biomarker for fibromyalgia?
Get PDFAims. Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic, widespread musculoskeletal disease that is usually accompanied by hyperalgesia, fatigue, sleep disturbance and depression. Although the etiopathogenesis of this syndrome is unclear, it is presumed to have an inflammatory basis.There are currently no laboratory markers available to diagnose the condition.The aim of this study was to investigate potential biochemical markers that would prove to be valid, simple, routinely used, quickly and cheaply studied and obtainable in blood count tests. Methods. 46 patients diagnosed with FM according to ACR (American College of Rheumatology) 2010 diagnostic criteria and 35 patients as a healthy control group were included in the study. Prealbumin, complete blood count, sediment and C-reactive protein (CRP) values of FM and control group patients were examined. Additionally, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Jenkins Sleep Scale and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) were administered to patients diagnosed with FM. Results.There was a significant difference between fibromyalgia patients and control groups in terms of prealbumin, platelet, CRP, CRP/prealbumin and lymphocyte parameters (P=0.048, P=0.046, P<0.001, P=0.003 and P<0.001, respectively). Only a weak positive correlation was found between CRP and FIQ (rS =0.309, P=0.037, CI=0.012-0.556). Conclusion. The serum levels of some tested markers, including platelets, CRP, CRP/prealbumin and lymphocytes, were significantly higher and prealbumin was lower in patients with FM than in the control group, suggesting they could be valid in fibromyalgia diagnosis. The CRP level may be informative about the severity of the FM and it may play a role in the inflammation possibly underlying the pathogenesis of FM
Generalizations Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities for conformable fractional integrals
Get PDFIn this study, we obtain a unique insight into differentiable convex functions by employing newly defined conformable fractional integrals. With this innovative approach, we unveil fresh Euler-Maclaurintype inequalities designed specifically for these integrals. Our proofs draw on fundamental mathematical principles, including convexity, Holder's inequality, and power mean inequality. Furthermore, we delve into new inequalities applicable to bounded functions, Lipschitzian functions, and functions of bounded variation. Notably, our findings align with established results under particular circumstances
Adult women's religious information and the sources from which they obtained religious information (Düzce example)
Get PDFÖZET YETİŞKİN KADINLARIN DİNİ BİLGİLERİ VE DİNİ BİLGİLERİ EDİNDİKLERİ KAYNAKLAR (DÜZCE ÖRNEĞİ) Aysel Beyza ATAŞ Düzce Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi Danışman: Prof. Dr. Mehmet Faruk BAYRAKTAR Temmuz 2025, 180 sayfa Din, insanın hayatı, evrenin anlamı ve varoluşun kökeni gibi metafizik sorulara yanıt sunan, bireysel ve toplumsal davranışları biçimlendiren çok katmanlı bir kurum olarak tanımlanır. Kur'an'da "din", teslimiyet, hesap, ceza/mükâfat, ibadet, hukuk düzeni ve toplumsal aidiyet gibi farklı anlam katmanlarına sahiptir ve hem bireysel hem toplumsal düzeyde önemli işlevler yüklenir. Dini bilgi ise pozitif bilginin sınırlarını aşan, gözlemlenemeyen ve deneyle sınanamayan metafizik gerçeklikleri anlamamıza yardımcı olan bir bilgi türüdür. Yetişkin kadın, genellikle 18 yaş ve üzeri, toplumsal rolleri ve sorumlulukları belirginleşmiş, eğitim ve meslek statüsü gibi değişkenlerle dini bilgiye erişimi şekillenen bireyler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Düzce ilinde yaşayan yetişkin kadınların dini bilgi düzeylerini, bu bilgileri hangi dini ve sosyal kaynaklardan elde ettiklerini ve bilgi edinme süreçlerinde etkili olan toplumsal ve bireysel dinamikleri nitel bir yaklaşımla ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma ayrıca, aile, cami, Kur'an kursu, dijital ve yazılı medya gibi bilgi kaynaklarının, kadınların dini yaşantılarına etkisini değerlendirmektedir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma deseninde, fenomenolojik yaklaşım kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Derinlemesine görüşme ve doküman analizi teknikleriyle katılımcıların öznel deneyimleri, anlamlandırma süreçleri ve bilgi kaynaklarına erişim motivasyonları betimlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Düzce'de ikamet eden, 23 yaş ve üzeri, farklı sosyo-demografik özelliklere sahip 23 yetişkin kadın oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Form, kadınların dini bilgi düzeyi, bilgi kaynakları ve dini yaşantılarına ilişkin açık uçlu ve esnek sorulardan oluşmaktadır. Görüşmeler, birebir ve odak grup formatlarında, katılımcılarla telefon aracılığı ile iletişim kurulmuş ve görüşme soruları yöneltilmiştir. Toplanan veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle tematik olarak kodlanmış ve dini bilgi edinme süreçlerine ilişkin ana eğilimler ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Araştırmada ulaşılan sonuçlardan bazıları şunlardır. Dini bilgi ediniminde aile ve toplumsal çevre ilk başvuru noktası olarak öne çıkmıştır. Katılımcıların büyük kısmı, dini inançlarını önce aileden, sonra sosyal çevreden ve bireysel araştırmalarıyla geliştirdiğini ifade etmiştir. Kur'an kursları, cami sohbetleri ve vaazlar, sistematik bilgi ediniminde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Katılımcılar, dini bilginin yalnızca toplumsal değil, aynı zamanda yaratılıştan gelen bir eğilimle benimsendiğini belirtmiştir. Dijital platformlar (internet, sosyal medya, YouTube vb.) üzerinden dini içeriklere erişim, özellikle genç yetişkin kadınlarda bilgiye ulaşmayı kolaylaştırmaktadır. Araştırma bulguları, yetişkin kadınların dinî bilgiye ulaşım yollarının çok katmanlı bir yapıya sahip olduğunu, klasik bilgi aktarım yolları ile modern dijital ortamların birbirini tamamladığını göstermiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Din, Dini Bilgi, Din Kaynakları, Yetişkin, Yetişkin Kadın.ABSTRACT ADULT WOMEN'S RELIGIOUS INFORMATION AND THE SOURCES FROM WHICH THEY OBTAINED RELIGIOUS INFORMATION (DÜZCE EXAMPLE) Aysel Beyza ATAŞ Düzce University Graduate School, Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies Master's Thesis Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Mehmet Faruk BAYRAKTAR July 2025, 180 pages Religion is defined as a multilayered institution that offers answers to metaphysical questions such as the meaning of life, the universe, and the origin of existence, while also shaping individual and social behaviors. In the Qur'an, the term "religion" (din) carries various layers of meaning such as submission, judgment, punishment/reward, worship, legal order, and social belonging, and it fulfills important functions at both individual and societal levels. Religious knowledge, on the other hand, is a type of knowledge that goes beyond the limits of empirical science, helping us to comprehend metaphysical realities that cannot be observed or tested through experience. An adult woman is typically defined as an individual aged 18 and above, whose social roles and responsibilities have become more established, and whose access to religious knowledge is shaped by variables such as educational background and occupational status. This study aims to explore, through a qualitative approach, the level of religious knowledge among adult women living in the province of Düzce, the social sources from which they acquire such knowledge, and the social and individual dynamics that influence their acquisition processes. The research also evaluates the impact of knowledge sources such as family, mosque, Qur'an courses, digital media, and print media on women's religious lives. The study is designed using a qualitative research pattern, specifically a phenomenological approach. Through in-depth interviews and document analysis techniques, the subjective experiences of participants, their meaning-making processes, and their motivations for accessing knowledge sources have been described. The study is limited to 23 adult women aged 23 and older, residing in Düzce, who have various socio-demographic characteristics. A semi-structured interview form was used as the data collection tool. This form consists of open-ended and flexible questions regarding women's levels of religious knowledge, their sources of information, and their religious experiences. Interviews were conducted in both individual and focus group formats, with participants contacted via telephone and interview questions posed accordingly. The collected data were thematically coded using content analysis, and main trends regarding the processes of acquiring religious knowledge were identified. Some of the key findings of the research are as follows: family and social environment emerged as the primary reference points for acquiring religious knowledge. The majority of participants stated that their religious beliefs were first shaped by their families, then by their social environment, and finally through individual exploration. Qur'an courses, mosque talks, and sermons play a significant role in systematic knowledge acquisition. Participants also noted that religious knowledge is not only a societal construct but also a tendency innate to human nature. Accessing religious content through digital platforms (internet, social media, YouTube, etc.) particularly facilitates knowledge acquisition among young adult women. The research findings reveal that adult women's access to religious knowledge is structured in a multilayered way, showing that traditional methods of knowledge transmission and modern digital environments complement one another
Investigation of Microvascular Involvement Through Nailfold Capillaroscopic Examination in Children with Familial Mediterranean Fever
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a lifelong autoinflammatory disease characterized by episodes of fever and aseptic polyserositis. Commonly associated with vasculitis, FMF's impact on microcirculation was investigated by examining nailfold capillaries using capillaroscopy. Materials and Methods: This study included 32 female and 28 male FMF patients diagnosed according to the Tel Hashomer and Yal & ccedil;& imath;nkaya criteria and a control group of 20 female and 10 male age-matched cases. Demographic characteristics, medical history (abdominal pain, fever, chest pain, and joint pain), and physical examination findings of the cases were assessed. FMF gene mutations, acute-phase reactants, urine analysis, and spot urine protein/creatinine ratios were evaluated. Nailfold capillaries were examined via capillaroscopy by the same dermatology specialist. Results: There was no significant age or gender difference between groups. The most common symptoms in the case group were abdominal pain (81.7%) and joint pain (65%). Pathological findings in capillaroscopy, such as microhemorrhages and avascular areas, were significantly more frequent in the FMF case group (p < 0.001; p < 0.001). Physiological findings, including hairpin-shaped capillaries and shortened loops, were significantly more common in the control group (p = 0.001; p = 0.034). No significant relationships were found between kidney involvement, subclinical inflammation, presence of microhemorrhages and avascular areas in capillaroscopy, and disease duration. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in capillaroscopic findings between those with exon-10 mutations in the MEFV gene and those with non-exon-10 mutations. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study demonstrated secondary microvascular findings due to inflammation in FMF patients using capillaroscopy, a cost-effective and safe tool
How Forest Management and Planning Affects the Sustainability of Stumpage Value? A Case Study from Turkey
Get PDFWood production is one of the most prominent ecosystem services in Turkey. Forest planning has long aimed to provide various ecosystem services, especially wood production, in a sustainable manner. While forestry activities have focused mainly on maintaining wood volume, the economic value of this volume is also important. In this study, we analyzed changes in stumpage value from 1972 onward in a managed forest in Turkey. Assuming constant market and transport conditions, we examined the effects of forest planning on stumpage value over time. Our hypothesis was that stands near roads and on gentle slopes were harvested first, leading to a decrease in stumpage value in later periods. Using Local Moran's I analysis, we found no significant slope differences among stumpage value groups. However, stands with high stumpage values during the 1972-1993 and 1993-2015 periods were generally located closer to roads. Overall, the stumpage value of the forest increased from 1972 to 2015. Notably, about half of the standing volume was only suitable for fuelwood. When considering forested areas, stumpage values per hectare were 1,386 in 1972, 556 in 1993, and 2,250 in 2015. Despite the larger forest area in 1993 compared to 1972, the stumpage value was lower
Analysis of somatotype on liver, spleen and kidney morphology in healthy children: an ultrasonographic anatomy study
Get PDFPurpose: Somatotype is a quantitative expression of an individual's current morphological configuration and consists of three classifications: mesomorphy, endomorphy and ectomorphy. This study aimed to examine the relationship between somatotype and liver, spleen, and kidney morphometry in healthy children utilizing ultrasonographic (USG) methods. Materials and Methods: One hundred healthy children between the ages of 7 and 10 participated in the study. The sizes of liver, spleen and kidney were measured using USG. The children's somatotypes were determined according to the Heath-Carter method by taking 10 anthropometric measurements. Results: As a result of the measurements, it was determined that the highest value of liver length was 11.9 cm (9.9-13.6) in Mesomorph Endomorph somatotype and the smallest value was 10.9 (9-12.3) in central somatotype. The highest value of right kidney vertical length was 32 mm (25-45) in Mesomorph Endomorph somatotype and the lowest value was 29 mm (25-34) in central somatotype. According to the results of the Kruskall Wallis H test analysis, there was a statistically significant difference between liver length and right kidney vertical length measurements and somatotypes (p<0.05). Post-hoc analysis indicated that this difference was due to the central and mesomorph-endomorph somatotypes. Conclusion: In conclusion, we believe that our results should be taken into consideration for clinical diagnoses. Additionally, we suggest that taking our measurement results into consideration in abdominal ultrasound scans is necessary for an accurate evaluation. We think that clinicians evaluating the pathologies of diseases related to the organs we measured should not forget the size changes according to the somatotype results
A novel hyper heuristic search algorithm: An application to optimal power flow problem
Get PDFKlasik Optimal Güç Akışı (OPF), dışbükey, doğrusal olmayan büyük ölçekli bir yapı içeren güç sistemindeki karmaşık ve zorlu problemlerden biridir. Belirsiz ve kesintili rüzgâr enerjisi kaynaklarının OPF problemine dahil edilmesiyle problemin karmaşıklığı daha da artmaktadır. Bir güç sisteminde FACTS cihazları, güç kalitesi ve ağdaki aşırı yük ile ilgili sorunların çoğunu azaltabilir. Veri cihazlarının yerleşimini ve boyutlarını belirlemek, güç sisteminin toplam üretim maliyetini en aza indirmek için önemli bir sorundur. Sonuç olarak, tüm bu koşulları içeren OPF probleminin çözülebilmesi için yapay zekâ tabanlı bir optimizasyon algoritmasının alışılmadık bir keşif yeteneğine ve sömürü-keşif dengesine sahip olması gerekmektedir. Vektörlerin Ağırlıklarının Ortalaması (INFO), mühendislik optimizasyon problemlerinde daha etkili çözümler bulmaya yardımcı olabilecek yeni bir buluşsal optimizasyon yöntemidir. Bu çalışmada INFO algoritması, Fitness-Mesafe Dengesi (FDB) seçim yöntemi yetenekleri kullanılarak geliştirilmiştir. Daha sonra başlangıç popülasyonunu oluşturmak için Diferansiyel Evrim (DE) kullanarak algoritma hiper-sezgisel bir yöntemle geliştirildi. Son olarak geliştirilen algoritma, rüzgâr enerjisi kaynağı içeren optimum güç akışı problemine yönelik veri cihazlarının optimum yerleşimi ve boyutlandırılmasının çözümü için uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, önerilen algoritmanın literatürle karşılaştırıldığında problem durumları için daha etkili bir çözüm olduğunu göstermiştir.Classical Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is a complex and challenging problem in power systems, characterized by its non-convex, nonlinear, and large-scale nature. The integration of uncertain and intermittent wind energy sources further increases the complexity of the OPF problem. In power systems, Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices can address many issues related to power quality and network overloads. However, determining the optimal placement and sizing of FACTS devices presents an additional challenge in minimizing the total power generation cost.To effectively solve the OPF problem under these conditions, an artificial intelligence-based optimization algorithm must exhibit strong exploration capabilities along with a balanced trade-off between exploitation and exploration. The Weighted Mean of Vectors (INFO) is a newly introduced heuristic optimization algorithm that has shown promise in solving engineering design optimization problems more effectively.In this study, the INFO algorithm was first enhanced by incorporating the Fitness–Distance Balance (FDB) method to leverage its strengths. Subsequently, a hyper-heuristic approach was employed to generate an optimal initial population using the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. Finally, the improved algorithm was applied to solve the optimal placement and sizing of FACTS devices in the OPF problem, considering the integration of wind energy sources. The results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm provides more effective solutions for the considered problem cases compared to those reported in the existing literature
Relationship between subjective sleep quality and serum ghrelin levels in Parkinson's disease
Get PDFObjectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum ghrelin levels and subjective sleep quality in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients and methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted between July 2020 and September 2021. Sixty-three patients (39 males, 24 females; mean age: 64.8 +/- 12.8; range, 52 to 76 years) diagnosed with idiopathic PD and 59 healthy participants (34 males, 25 females; mean age: 63.9 +/- 6.2 years; range, 57 to 59 years) were included in the study. The patients' modified Hoehn and Yahr and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores were determined. Subjective sleep quality of study groups was evaluated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and serum fasting ghrelin levels were measured. Results: The patient and control groups did not show any significant differences in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index values of the patient group were higher compared to the control group (p <= 0.001). There was no significant difference between serum ghrelin levels (p=0.329). Conclusion: A significant relationship was not identified between subjective sleep quality and serum ghrelin levels in PD, and ghrelin did not support the diagnosis of PD. Further studies with larger samples that account for the variability in food intake and the timing of serum ghrelin measurements are needed