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Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Self-Efficacy Regarding Vaginal Birth Scale: A Methodological Study
Get PDFAmaç: Araştırmanın amacı Vajinal Doğuma İlişkin Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği'nin Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğini test etmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Metodolojik tipteki çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinde 165 gebe kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler "Kişisel Bilgi Formu", "Vajinal Doğuma Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği" ve "Doğum Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği - Kısa Formu" kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerliliğini test etmek amacıyla dil geçerliliği, içerik geçerliliği, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve ölçüt bağımlılık geçerliliği yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliği madde-toplam korelasyonu, Cronbach alfa katsayısı, iki yarı test yöntemi ve test-tekrar test analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Ölçeğin kapsam geçerlilik indeksi 0,80'in üzerinde bulunmuştur. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde uyum iyiliği indekslerinin tamamı kabul edilebilir değerlere sahiptir. Madde-toplam korelasyonları her bir madde için 0,167 ile 0,809 arasında değişmekte olup, ölçek toplamı ile pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu belirledi. Uzmanların önerileri doğrultusunda ölçekten herhangi bir madde çıkartılmadı. Ölçeğin 9 madde olarak tek faktör altında toplandığı belirlendi. Ölçeğin iki yarısı arasındaki korelasyon 0,76, Spearman-Brown katsayısı 0,86 ve Gutmann Split-Half katsayısı 0,85'tir. Ölçeğin geneli için hesaplanan Cronbach alfa katsayısı 0,87 olarak bulundu. Maddelerin toplam korelasyonu ve test-tekrar test korelasyonu 0,924 ile yüksek güvenilirlik gösterdi (pAim: The aim of the study was to test validity and reliability of the Self-efficacy Regarding Vaginal Birth Scale in Turkish.Material and Methods: The methodological study was conducted in a university hospital with 165 pregnant women. The data were collected using "Personal Information Form", "Self-Efficacy Regarding Vaginal Birth Scale and "Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory - Short Form". Language validity, content validity, confirmatory factor analyse and criterion-dependence validity and were performed to test the validity of the scale. The scale’s reliability was assessed using the item-total correlation, Cronbach’s alpha, split-half test method and test-retest analysis. Results: The scale content validity index was found above 0.80. In the confirmatory factor analysis, all the goodness of fit indexes had acceptable values. Item-total correlations ranged between 0.167 and 0.809 for each item and were positively correlated with the scale total. In line with the recommendations of experts, no items were removed from the scale. It was determined that the scale was collected under one factor as 9 items. The correlation between the two halves of the scale is 0.76, the Spearman-Brown coefficient is 0.86, and the Gutmann Split-Half coefficient is 0.85. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient calculated for the overall scale was 0.87. The total correlation of the items and the test-retest correlation showed high reliability with 0.924 (
Effect of Cellulose Nanoparticles on Bonding and Compressive Strength of Wood Materials Laminated with Different Adhesives
No full textliflere paralel basınç direnci özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Kavak (Populus nigra) ve kayın (Fagus sylvatica) odunlarından hazırlanan papel kaplamalar %1 ve %2 nano selüloz katkılı polivinil asetat (PVAc), üre formaldehit (UF) ve epoksi (EPX) tutkalları küllanılarak preslenmiş ve lamine ahşap malzemeler üretilmiştir. Elde edilen sonüçlara gore, hem katkısız (kontrol) hem de nanoselüloz katkılı tutkallarla lamine edilmiş kavak ve kayın örneklerde yapışma ve basınç direnci değerleri EPX tutkalında daha yüksek belirlenmiş ve bunu UF tutkalı izlemiştir. En düşük direnç değerleri ise PVAc tutkalında elde edilmiştir. Nanoselüloz katkısı, lamine örneklerin direnç özelliklerini arttırmıştır. Özellikle PVAc tutkalı ile lamine edilmiş kayın örneklerde bu durum daha belirgindir. Ayrıca, nanoselüloz miktarındaki artış, lamine örneklerin direnç değerleri (özellikle yapışma direnci) üzerinde genel olarak olumlu bir etki sağlamıştır. Katkısız tutkallarla lamine edilmiş örneklere göre, selüloz nanopartikülü katkılı tutkallarla lamine edilmiş örneklerin yapışma ve basınç direnci değerleri sırası ile %27 ve %11'e kadar artış göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, tutkalların özelliklerini iyileştirmek için selüloz nanopartikülünün katkı maddesi olarak kullanılması önerilebilir.In this study, the bonding strength and compressive strength parallel to the fibers of laminated wood materials produced with different cellülose nanoparticle-added adhesives were determined. The papel veneers prepared from poplar (Populus nigra) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) woods were pressed using polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), urea formaldehyde (UF) and epoxy (EPX) adhesives with 1% and 2% nanocellulose additives and laminated wood materials were produced. According to the results obtained, bonding and compressive strength values of poplar and beech samples laminated with both non-additive (control) and nanocellulose-added adhesives were higher for EPX adhesive, followed by UF adhesive. The lowest strength values were obtained in PVAc adhesive. Nanocellulose additive increased the strength properties of the laminated samples. This was especially evident in beech samples laminated with PVAc adhesive. Furthermore, the increase in the amount of nanocellulose had a generally positive effect on the strength values (especially adhesion strength) of the laminated samples. Compared to the samples laminated with adhesives without additives. the bonding and compressive strength values of the samples laminated with cellulose nanoparticle-added adhesives increased by up to 27% and 11%, respectively. As a result, it can be recommended to use cellulose nanoparticle as an additive to improve the properties of adhesives
Nötrofil/Lenfosit Oranının Over Torsiyonlarındaki Yeri
Get PDFAim: Ovarian torsion is among the gynecological emergencies. Laboratory and imaging methods are used for diagnosis. Symptoms are generally nonspecific, making it difficult to differentiate from other acute abdominal emergencies. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in addition to imaging methods for the diagnosis of ovarian torsion.Material and Methods: A total of 120 patients were included in the study. The study was planned retrospectively. The patients included in the study were analyzed in three different groups. Those with follicular cysts were in Group 1, those with simple cysts were in Group 2, and those with ovarian torsion were in Group 3. The groups were compared in terms of laboratory parameters and demographic characteristics.Results: When the groups were compared in terms of mean age, it was found that the mean age of Group 3 was significantly lower than Group 1 (pAmaç: Over torsiyonu, jinekolojik bir aciller arasında yer alır. Tanıda laboratuar ve görüntüleme yöntemlerine başvurulur. Semptomları genelde nonspesifikdir. Bu yüzden akut batın yapan diğer acillerden ayırıcı tanısı oldukça zordur. Çalışmamız, over torsiyonunun tanısında görüntüleme yöntemine artı olarak nötrofil-lenfosit oranının (NLR) tanısal değerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 120 hasta dahil edildi. Çalışma retrospektif olarak planlandı. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastalar folikül kisti olan, basit kisti olan ve over torsiyonu olan hastalar olarak 3 farklı grup halinde incelendi. Folikül kisti olanlar Grup1, basit kisti olanlar Grup 2 ve over torsiyonu olan hastalar Grup 3 olarak belirlendi. Gruplar laboratuvar parametreleri ve demografik özellikleri açısından karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Gruplar yaş ortalaması açısından karşılaştırıldığında Grup 3'ün ortalamasının Grup 1'e göre anlamlı olarak daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür (
Descriptive Analysis and Evaluation of Age-Friendly Environment Studies in Turkiye
Get PDFThe need to create inclusive and sustainable environments that enhance the well-being of the older people and compensate for social and physical barriers in order to adapt to the effects of demographic transformation and rapid urban aging has emerged. This need gained momentum with the guidance of the WHO's Age-Friendly Cities initiative in the early 2000s. These global developments have also influenced studies in Turkey. This study examines the perspectives and approaches to the topic of 'age-friendly environment' in scientific circles and academia in Turkey in order to answer the question: How is the concept of 'age-friendly environment' studied in Turkey? Scientific studies related to age-friendly environments in Turkey conducted between 2014 and 2023 were analyzed using descriptive content analysis method. The findings of the study indicate that the majority of studies in Turkey consist of articles (54.3%) and theses (30.9%), with methodological distribution being mostly limited to qualitative studies (38.2%) and review studies (32.2%). Furthermore, thematically, concepts such as 'age-friendly city, aging in place, age-friendly environment, age-friendly design, active aging' are frequently studied, while themes commonly discussed in the international agenda such as inclusivity, accessibility, sustainability, and the right to the city are relatively underrepresented. On the other hand, it is observed that the majority of studies lack an environmental gerontology perspective
Parent-child relationship in Behiç Ak's stories and novels
Get PDFEbeveyn-çocuk ilişkisi; çocukların bilişsel, ruhsal ve sosyal gelişimini doğrudan etkilediği için çocuklar açısından son derece önemlidir. Çocukların kişiliklerini sağlıklı bir biçimde oluşturabilmeleri ve kendi kendilerine yeten bireyler olabilmeleri için ebeveynleriyle aralarında olumlu ilişkilerin bulunması gerekir. Ebeveynleriyle olumlu ilişkiler geliştiremeyen çocuklar; özgüveni olmayan, dıştan denetimli ve sosyal uyumu zayıf bireyler olarak yetişirler. Behiç Ak, son dönemin sevilen ve çok okunan yazarlarından biridir. Yazar, öykü ve romanlarında ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkilerini renkli ve ilgi çekici bir biçimde işlemiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Behiç Ak'ın öykü ve romanlarındaki ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkilerini incelemektir. Bunun için Behiç Ak'ın on sekiz kitabı doküman analizi yöntemiyle taranmış; öykü ve romanlardaki başlıca ebeveyn tutumları, ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisi ve son olarak da ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisinin çocukların gelişimine etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Behiç Ak'ın öykü ve romanlarında ebeveynlerin çocuklarını sıklıkla demokratik tutumla yetiştirdikleri, eserlerde ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisinin özenle işlendiği, olumlu ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisinin çocukların gelişimine ve kişiliğine katkı sağladığı görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ebeveyn tutumları, Anne-çocuk, Baba-çocuk, Ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkisi, Behiç Ak.Parent-child relationship is extremely important for children as it directly affects their cognitive, psychological and social development. In order to form their personalities in a healthy way and become self-sufficient individuals, they should have positive relationships with their parents. Children who cannot develop positive relationships with their parents grow up as individuals who lack self-confidence, are externally controlled and have poor social adaptation.Behiç Ak is one of the most popular and widely read authors of the recent period. In his stories and novels, the author has handled parent-child relationships in a various and interesting way. The aim of this study is to analyse parent-child relationships in Behiç Ak's stories and novels. For this purpose, Behiç Ak's eighteen books were scanned by document analysis method; the main parental attitudes, parent-child relationship and finally the effect of parent-child relationship on children's development were analysed. As a result of the research, it was observed that in Behiç Ak's stories and novels, parents often raise their children with a democratic attitude, parent-child relationship is carefully handled in the works, and positive parent-child relationship contributes to the development and personality of children. Keywords: Mother-child, Father-child, Parental attitudes, Parent-child relationship, Behiç Ak
Optimization of the pilot fuel injection and engine load for an algae biodiesel- hydrogen run dual fuel diesel engine using response surface methodology
Get PDFThe main objective of the study is to enhance the performance and emissions of hydrogen and biodiesel dual-fuel engines by optimizing injection timing and engine load using response surface methodology. The pilot fuel considered for this study is Algae biodiesel. A mono-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine is tested for three different pilot fuel injection timings (23 degrees BTDC, 26 degrees BTDC, and 29 degrees BTDC) and five different engine loads (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%). For a dual fuel operation, a maximum brake thermal efficiency of 28.21% and an 85% replacement of liquid charge was achieved at pilot fuel injection timing of 26 degrees BTDC and 100% load based on the experimental results. For the same setting of injection timing of 26 degrees BTDC, the emissions of CO and HC were significantly reduced by 12.12% and 36.13%, respectively, at the 80% load setting. While response surface optimum was found at 72.81% load and 25.73 degrees BTDC Injection timing. At this optimal operating parameter setting, a significant reduction of CO, HC, and NOx emissions by 20.98%, 29.15%, and 1.91%, respectively, was obtained while maintaining a comparable brake thermal efficiency of 25.06% and a replacement of liquid charge by 72.15%, respectively. Thus, a biodiesel-hydrogen dual-fuel diesel engine is one of the green solutions for power generation
Diversity and evolution of transposable elements in the plant-parasitic nematodes
Get PDFBackground Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences that propagate within genomes, occupying a significant portion of eukaryotic genomes and serving as a source of genetic variation and innovation. TEs can impact genome dynamics through their repetitive nature and mobility. Nematodes are incredibly versatile organisms, capable of thriving in a wide range of environments. The plant-parasitic nematodes are able to infect nearly all vascular plants, leading to significant crop losses and management expenses worldwide. It is worth noting that plant parasitism has evolved independently at least three times within this nematode group. Furthermore, the genome size of plant-parasitic nematodes can vary substantially, spanning from 41.5 Mbp to 235 Mbp. To investigate genome size variation and evolution in plant-parasitic nematodes, TE composition, diversity, and evolution were analysed in 26 plant-parasitic nematodes from 9 distinct genera in Clade IV.Results Interestingly, despite certain species lacking specific types of DNA transposons or retrotransposon superfamilies, they still exhibit a diverse range of TE content. Identification of species-specific TE repertoire in nematode genomes provides a deeper understanding of genome evolution in plant-parasitic nematodes. An intriguing observation is that plant-parasitic nematodes possess extensive DNA transposons and retrotransposon insertions, including recent sightings of LTR/Gypsy and LTR/Pao superfamilies. Among them, the Gypsy superfamilies were found to encode Aspartic proteases in the plant-parasitic nematodes.Conclusions The study of the transposable element (TE) composition in plant-parasitic nematodes has yielded insightful discoveries. The findings revealed that certain species exhibit lineage-specific variations in their TE makeup. Discovering the species-specific TE repertoire in nematode genomes is a crucial element in understanding the evolution of genomes in plant-parasitic nematodes. It allows us to gain a deeper insight into the intricate workings of these organisms and their genetic makeup. With this knowledge, we are gaining a fundamental piece in the puzzle of understanding the evolution of these parasites. Moreover, recent transpositions have led to the acquisition of new TE superfamilies, especially Gypsy and Pao retrotransposons, further expanding the diversity of TEs in these nematodes. Significantly, the widely distributed Gypsy superfamily possesses proteases that are exclusively associated with parasitism during nematode-host interactions. These discoveries provide a deeper understanding of the TE landscape within plant-parasitic nematodes.Conclusions The study of the transposable element (TE) composition in plant-parasitic nematodes has yielded insightful discoveries. The findings revealed that certain species exhibit lineage-specific variations in their TE makeup. Discovering the species-specific TE repertoire in nematode genomes is a crucial element in understanding the evolution of genomes in plant-parasitic nematodes. It allows us to gain a deeper insight into the intricate workings of these organisms and their genetic makeup. With this knowledge, we are gaining a fundamental piece in the puzzle of understanding the evolution of these parasites. Moreover, recent transpositions have led to the acquisition of new TE superfamilies, especially Gypsy and Pao retrotransposons, further expanding the diversity of TEs in these nematodes. Significantly, the widely distributed Gypsy superfamily possesses proteases that are exclusively associated with parasitism during nematode-host interactions. These discoveries provide a deeper understanding of the TE landscape within plant-parasitic nematodes
Digital Transformation in Science Education: Teachers' Self-Efficacy of Distance Learning and Blended Learning Experiences
Get PDFBlended learning emerges as an indispensable tool for pioneering science education practices in the 21st century. Studies underscore the efficacy of blended learning applications in science education, particularly in enhancing learners' computer proficiency, fostering positive attitudes and motivation towards science courses, and surmounting learning hurdles. This study aims to assess the levels of self-efficacy among science teachers for blended education within the context of the digital transformation process. It also seeks to investigate the predictive capacity of various factors and analyze teachers' experiences with blended learning. The research adopts a mixed-method approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. Quantitatively, the study utilizes the "Self?Efficacy Perception of Distance Education Scale" to gauge science teachers' self-efficacy perceptions about distance education. The quantitative segment encompasses a sample of 175 science teachers. On the other hand, for the qualitative aspect, 26 teachers' experiences were examined through an “Open-Ended Question Form” to gain nuanced insights. The results of the quantitative analysis demonstrated that science educators displayed a heightened level of perceived self-efficacy in the domain of distance education. The influencing factors identified included gender, seniority, school type, class size, and usage of laboratory facilities. The qualitative findings indicated that science teachers' engagement with blended learning was characterized by both positive and negative sentiments. These experiences were further categorized into subgroups of positive and negative encounters. © 2024, Ozgen Korkmaz. All rights reserved
An Unusual Radiologic Appearance in Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst: Diffuse Calcification
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Use of renewable energy sources in urban furniture
Get PDFBu tezde yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları ve kent mobilyaları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Düzce Üniversitesi Yerleşkesi 'ne etkin bir şekilde yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarını kullanan kent mobilyalarının çevreye entegre edilmesinin gerekliliği ortaya konmuştur. Planlamacılar, peyzaj mimarları, işletmeler ve en önemlisi kurumlar artık hepimizin yaşadığı çevreyi inşa etmenin yeni yollarını düşünmeye zorlanıyor. Çevre bilinciyle birleşen teknolojik yenilikler, bina ihtiyaçlarının enerji verimliliği, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı ve malzeme geri dönüşümünün sağlanması olduğu mikro mimariden makro mimariye kadar kaliteli kentsel çözümler için artık vazgeçilmezdir. Bu nedenle ekolojik konulara her zaman duyarlı olan kentsel mobilya tasarımcıları, çevre dostu kriterlere dayalı inşaatlara yönelik artan talebi etkin bir şekilde karşılayabilecek akıllı şehir tasarımları, sokak aydınlatması, fotovoltaik otopark ve dış mekan mobilya modüler sistemleri oluşturmuştur. Bu bağlamda, geleceğin tasarımcılarının eğitim gördüğü yerleşkeler de muhakkak akıllı kentsel mobilyaların bulunması büyük bir gerekliliktir.In this thesis, information about renewable energy sources and urban furniture was given. As a result of the study, it was revealed that urban furniture that effectively uses renewable energy resources should be integrated into the environment of Düzce University Campus. Planners, landscape architects, businesses and, above all, institutions are now being forced to think of new ways to build the environment in which we all live. Technological innovations combined with environmental awareness are now indispensable for quality urban solutions, from microarchitecture to macroarchitecture, where building needs are energy efficiency, use of renewable energy sources and material recycling. For this reason, urban furniture designers, who are always sensitive to ecological issues, have developed smart city designs, street lighting, photovoltaic car parks and outdoor furniture modular systems that can effectively meet the growing demand for constructions based on environmentally friendly criteria.In this context, it is a great necessity to have smart urban furniture in the campus where future designers are educated