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Učenje slovenskega jezika in ohranjanje slovenske kulture v Bosni in Hercegovini
No full textRelations between the Republic of Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina are close, also due to the rich history of migration between the two countries. This article focuses on the collaborative aspect between various institutions and organizations involved in teaching the Slovenian language and/or preserving Slovenian culture in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Particular attention is paid to the inclusion of higher education, as the teaching of Slovenian at this level came to a halt for nearly two decades following the dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.Stiki med Republiko Slovenijo ter Bosno in Hercegovino so tesni, kar med drugim lahko pripišemo bogati zgodovini preseljevanja ljudi med državama. Avtorja se v prispevku osredotočata na sodelovalni vidik med različnimi ustanovami in organizacijami, ki so vpete v procese poučevanja slovenščine in/ali ohranjanja slovenske kulture v Bosni in Hercegovini. Posebna pozornost je namenjena vključevanju poučevanja slovenščine na univerzitetni ravni izobraževanja, saj je slednje po razpadu Socialistične federativne republike Jugoslavije za skoraj dvajset let zastalo
Slovenija in slovenski motivi v Koledarju SPKD Prosvjeta (1905–1947)
No full textDuring Austro-Hungarian rule—and later in the first unified South Slavic state—periodical publications in Bosnia and Herzegovina served as a popular means for enlightening all strata of the population. One of those publications, the Calendar of the Serbian Educational and Cultural Society (SPKD) Prosvjeta, featured a variety of texts, ranging from literary contributions to expert articles on health, agriculture, geography, pedagogy, and other topics. These texts served as testimonies not only about the Serbian community but also about others. The study analyzes the headlines and news related to Slovenia and Slovenian motifs published in the Calendar between 1905 and 1947.Periodične publikacije v Bosni in Hercegovini pod avstro-ogrsko oblastjo in kasneje v obdobju prve skupne države jugoslovanskih narodov so bile priljubljeno sredstvo za izobraževanje vseh slojev prebivalstva. Ena od teh publikacij – Koledar Srbskega prosvetno-kulturnega društva (SPKD) Prosvjeta – je prinašala raznolike prispevke, od literarnih del do strokovnih člankov s področij zdravstva, kmetijstva, geografije, pedagogike itd., ki predstavljajo pričevanja o lastnem, pa tudi o drugih narodih. Avtorica je v raziskavi analizirala naslove in novice v zvezi s Slovenijo in slovenskimi motivi v izdajah Koledarja v vsem obdobju njegovega izhajanja med letoma 1905 in 1947
Vabljenje na poroko ali slovenskogoriški rokopis iz prve polovice 19. stoletja
Full text linkIn the 19th century, wedding invitations were an important part of wedding customs in today’s north-eastern Slovenia, as was the content of the special invitation texts. The author examines a handwritten invitation from Lahonci, presumably dating from 1836, written in the Bohorič alphabet and the Prlek dialect. The article discusses various historical and socio-cultural contexts that are important for interpreting the origin, uses, and changes in the text.Vabljenje na poroko je bilo v 19. stoletju pomemben del poročnih šeg v severovzhodnem delu Slovenije, prav tako pa je bila pomembna tudi vsebina posebnih vabovskih besedil. Avtorica obravnava rokopis vabila iz Lahoncev z domnevno letnico nastanka 1836, ki je pisan v bohoričici in prleškem narečju. Članek obravnava različne zgodovinske in družbeno-kulturne kontekste, pomembne za interpretacijo nastanka, rabe in spreminjanja besedila
Opus arhitekta Josepha Hasslingerja (1807–1845)
Full text linkThis article is the first comprehensive study of the oeuvre of the architect Joseph Hasslinger, whose works are preserved in Slovenia, Austria and Ukraine. Previous knowledge of Hasslinger’s work is revised and supplemented on the basis of his application for a professorship at the School of Architecture of the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts from 1842, and his later works are studied on the basis of preserved plans and references in contemporary written sources. The influence on Hasslinger’s work of Professor Pietro Nobile as well as the Italian Renaissance palaces and Munich contemporary buildings that Hasslinger studied during his study trip are highlighted. Among the most important clients of plans for churches, public buildings for representative, administrative, medical and health resort purposes as well as residential buildings were the provincial estates of Styria, the nobility and the bourgeoisie of Graz and Maribor.V prispevku je predstavljena prva celovita obravnava opusa arhitekta Josepha Hasslingerja, čigar dela so ohranjena v Sloveniji, Avstriji in Ukrajini. Dosedanje poznavanje Hasslingerjevega opusa je revidirano in dopolnjeno na podlagi vloge za profesuro na šoli za arhitekturo dunajske akademije upodabljajočih umetnosti iz leta 1842, poznejša dela so proučena na podlagi ohranjenih načrtov in omemb v sočasnih pisnih virih. Izpostavljeni so vplivi profesorja Pietra Nobila ter italijanskih renesančnih palač in sodobnih münchenskih stavb, ki jih je Hasslinger proučeval med študijskim potovanjem. Med najpomembnejšimi naročniki načrtov za cerkve, javne stavbe za reprezentativne, upravne, zdravstvene in zdraviliške namene ter za stanovanjske stavbe so bili štajerski deželni stanovi, plemstvo ter graški in mariborski meščani
Zvrstnost v retoriki praktičnega sporazumevanja
Full text linkThe paper explores two aspects of the choice of specific language variety and the juxtaposition of expressions from different varieties within spontaneous everyday communication, namely, the factors governing the speaker's selections and their communicative effects. It suggests that both strategies convey information about social identity and the psychological state of the speaker and serve to define the situation and indicate his attitude to other participants and to the topic of the discourse.Članek obravnava socialno in psihološko ozadje in vlogo izbire in menjav jezikovnih zvrsti pri spontanem praktičnem sporazumevanju. Izbrana jezikovna zvrst in jukstapozicija izrazov iz različnih zvrsti med govorjenjem namreč: odsevata socialno identiteto in psihično stanje govorečega ter njegovo oceno situacije, razmerje do drugih udeležencev in odnos do predmeta pogovora
Jezikoslovni in jezikovni vidiki Linhartovega Poskusa zgodovine Kranjske
Full text linkIn a general cultural sense Thomas Linhart's Towards a History of Carniola (1788–1791) promotes the all-Slovene national idea for which the work is of pivotal importance to Slovene historical writing. The novel third section of the second book, devoted to Slovene folk culture, marks the beginning of Slovene ethnography. In this context the article treats Slovene language material in the book as an expression of Linhart's innovative linguistic ideas on Slovene in terms of substance, structure and language ideology, which in a significant way shaped the tendencies in the development of the Slovene standard language in the first half of the nineteenth century.V splošnokulturnem pogledu Poskus zgodovine Kranjske Antona Tomaža Linharta (1788–1791) uveljavlja vseslovensko nacionalno idejo, zaradi česar je to delo prelomnega pomena tudi za slovensko zgodovinopisje. Izvirni tretji razdelek druge knjige, ki je posvečen ljudski kulturi Slovencev, zaznamuje začetek slovenske etnologije. V tem kontekstu članek obravnava slovensko jezikovno gradivo v knjigi, kot odraz Linhartovih inovativnih jezikoslovnih idej o slovenskem jeziku kot substanci, strukturi in jezikovni ideologiji, ki so v precejšnji meri oblikovale tendence v razvoju slovenskega knjižnega jezika v prvi polovici 19. stoletja
Onikanje v slovenščini: prevzem, inovacija in analiza
No full textSlovene has a system of address that differs from the basic binary address system of many European languages by grammatically distinguishing up to four levels of formality (informal, semiformal, formal, and ultra-formal). Until recently, ultra-formal address was regularly used in direct as well as indirect address (i.e., reference to absent persons). Although the grammatical characteristics of Slovene ultra-formal address (3rd plural) appear to have been the result of contact with German, the Slovene application of this form to indirect address appears to have been an independent innovation. Anton Tomaž Linhart’s play Županova Micka is analyzed in order to explore and illustrate the interaction of these various address forms. Similar studies of ultra-formal address in other languages (e.g., Czech and Slovak) could shed light on a phenomenon that has been attested in multiple Slavic languages.Slovenščina ima ogovorni sistem, ki se od osnovnega dvojnega ogovornega sistema mnogih evropskih jezikov loči v tem, da oblikovno razlikuje do štirih ravni formalnosti (neformalno/tikanje, polformalno/napol vikanje, formalno/vikanje in ultraformalno/onikanje). Do nedavnega je bilo onikanje v redni uporabi tako v neposrednem kot v posrednem ogovoru (oz. govorjenjem o odsotni osebi). Čeprav bi lahko slovnične značilnosti onikanja izvirale iz stika z nemščino, se zdi, da predstavlja slovenska uporaba onikanja v posrednem ogovoru samostojen izum. Avtor analizira Linhartovo veseloigro Županova Micka z namenom, da razišče in prikaže vzajemno delovanje teh ogovornih oblik. Podobne raziskave onikanja v drugih jezikih (češčina, slovaščina) bi lahko bolje osvetlile pojav, ki je prisoten v več slovanskih jezikih
Prakse protispomenikov na Dunaju v Avstriji: večsmerni spomin in transnacionalnost v sodobnih bojih proti antisemitizmu, rasizmu in antiromstvu
No full textThis article researches multidirectional memory and transnationality in recent examples of counter-monument practices in Austria’s capital city, Vienna, specifically in regard to fights against antisemitism, racist discrimination and anti-Romaism. How have multidirectional strategies shaped counter-mnemonic struggle? Additionally, to what extent are they influenced by transnationality? Three examples of counter-monument practices are discussed in parallel: (1) The protests against the “Lueger monument,” commemorating an antisemitic former mayor of Vienna; (2) the illegally installed Marcus Omofuma Stone, commemorating the racist police murder of a Nigerian asylum seeker in 1999; and, (3) the ongoing struggle to commemorate the Porajmos, the genocide of the Roma under Nazi rule, with a monument in Vienna. Seemingly unrelated to one another, each case constitutes a struggle between national, hegemonic, commemorative narratives, on the one hand, and agents of civil society that challenge these narratives, on the other. While none of the three examples constitutes an obvious case of multidirectional memory making, each of these struggles to counter racist, discriminatory pasts did generate a platform to speak about more than just one memory, also such that transcend national boundaries.Članek raziskuje večsmerni spomin in transnacionalnost v nedavnih primerih praks protispomenikov v avstrijski prestolnici Dunaj, predvsem v zvezi z boji proti antisemitizmu, rasistični diskriminaciji in antiromstvu. Kako so večsmerne strategije oblikovale protimnemonični boj? In v kolikšni meri nanje vpliva transnacionalnost? Vzporedno so obravnavani trije primeri praks protispomenikov: (1) protesti proti ≫Luegerjevemu spomeniku ≪, postavljenemu v spomin na nekdanjega antisemitskega dunajskega župana; (2) nezakonito postavljeno spominsko obeležje Marcusu Omofumi tj. rasističnemu policijskemu umoru nigerijskega prosilca za azil leta 1999; in (3) nenehni boj za prvo obeležje na Dunaju v spomin na Porajmos, genocid nad Romi med nacističnim režimom. Čeprav se trije primeri na prvi pogled razlikujejo, vsak od njih predstavlja boj med nacionalnimi, hegemonističnimi komemorativnimi pripovedmi in akterji civilne družbe, ki se tej hegemoniji zoperstavljajo. Medtem ko nobeden od teh primerov ne predstavlja očitnega primera ustvarjanja večsmernega spomina, pa je vsak od teh bojev proti rasistični, diskriminatorni preteklosti ustvaril platformo za razpravo o več kot le enem spominu, vsak od treh bojev pa tudi presega nacionalne meje
Živali kot konflikti
No full textIn this article, we utilize two absolute anti-nuclear classics of all time, the novellas Godzilla (1955) and Godzilla Raids Again (1955) by Shigeru Kayama to focus on the possibilities of thinking not only in the usual way about animals in conflicts but about animals as conflicts. Godzilla is not merely a nuclear allegory, and as such a personification, an embodiment of a conflict, but also an “allegory” of animal resistance, an embodiment of another, more underlying conflict, with all its necessarily (non-)allegorical implications. Our aim is to explore this view of Godzilla in the context of recent discussions in animal philosophy, namely the concept of animal resistance. This article will investigate the relationship between animal victimhood and resistance, thereby identifying a novel phenomenon: animals as saviors.1S pomočjo dveh absolutnih protijedrskih klasik vseh časov, novel Godzilla (1955) in Godzilla Raids Again (1955) avtorja Shigeruja Kayame, skušamo razmišljati ne le, kot je običajno, o živalih v konfliktih, ampak se osredotočimo na možnosti, ki jih omogoča razmišljanje o živalih kot konfliktih. Godzilla ni le jedrska alegorija in kot taka poosebitev, utelešenje konflikta, temveč tudi ≫alegorija≪ živalskega upora, utelešenje drugega, bolj temeljnega konflikta z vsemi njegovimi nujno (ne)alegoričnimi implikacijami. Naš namen je podrobneje raziskati ta vidik Godzille v kontekstu nedavnih razprav v filozofiji živali, ki se nanašajo na koncept živalskega upora in nadalje preučiti odnos med viktimizacijo in uporom živali ter tako osvetliti nov pojav: živali kot odrešiteljice
Konflikti, vojne in pravičnost v konfliktih
No full textTo frame the topic of conflicts, particularly through the historical lens of nation-states, it is essential to consider the historical context of key state formations in the West. From the nineteenth century onward, these formations maintained the power and sovereignty that underpinned Western dominance. Although the traditional Westphalian concept, derived from the Peace of Westphalia (1648), established the notion of nation-states as the primary actors in international law—each with supreme authority over its territory— sovereignty has often been separated from physical territory in practice. Power and authority frequently extend beyond, or fall short of, a state’s geographic boundaries, indicating that sovereignty has increasingly been decoupled from territoriality. In colonial contexts, multiple legal systems and authorities coexisted and often conflicted, creating a fluid and contested landscape of governance. This allowed colonial powers to maneuver between different legal frameworks to maintain control. In these colonies, the suspension of normal legal rules—what is often referred to as a “state of exception”—was more commonly the rule rather than the exception.1Za oblikovanje teme konfliktov, zlasti skozi zgodovinsko prizmo nacionalnih držav, je nujno upoštevati zgodovinski kontekst ključnih državnih tvorb na Zahodu. Od 19. stoletja naprej so te tvorbe ohranjale oblast in suverenost, ki sta podpirali zahodno prevlado. Čeprav je tradicionalni vestfalski koncept, ki izhaja iz Vestfalskega miru (1648), uveljavil pojem nacionalnih držav kot primarnih akterjev mednarodnega prava – vsaka z vrhovno oblastjo nad svojim ozemljem –, je bila suverenost v praksi pogosto ločena od fizičnega ozemlja. Moč in oblast pogosto presegata ali ne dosegata geografskih meja države, kar kaže na to, da je suverenost vedno bolj ločena od teritorialnosti. V kolonialnem kontekstu je soobstajalo več pravnih sistemov in oblasti, ki so si pogosto nasprotovali, kar je ustvarilo fluidno in konfliktno pokrajino upravljanja. To je kolonialnim silam omogočilo manevriranje med različnimi pravnimi okviri za ohranitev nadzora. V teh kolonijah je bil suspenz običajnih pravnih pravil – kar se pogosto imenuje ≫izjemno stanje≪ – prej pravilo kot izjema.