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Dojka in pomol: o prekoračitvi tesnobe
Full text linkThis essay explores a possible traversal of anxiety in dialogue with Chapter 5 of Joan Copjec’s Read My Desire, “Vampires, Breastfeeding, and Anxiety.” At stake in this traversal is an act of freedom that opens up a future for the human. Starting with the play of Freudian resonances in Copjec’s title, “Breast and the Jetty” plays, in turn, as an echo of “Death and the Maiden” that enables an analysis of fantasy as a solution to castration anxiety in the neurotic, which has the effect of circumscribing desire. Analyses of the problematics of the breast as partial object and object-cause of desire, and of the “forbidden woman” Copjec locates in Chris Marker’s La Jetée, emphasize a shift from Lacanian theory, centered on the symbolic, to Willy Apollon’s recent metapsychology, developed from GIFRIC’s clinic for the treatment of psychosis in Quebec. By attending to this work, and to the nuances of originary fantasy Lucie Cantin offers, I discern the qualities of an unfettered quest of desire, independent from the conditions of neurotic fantasy and capable of confronting a future for which there is no reference in language.Prispevek raziskuje možnost prekoračitve tesnobe v dialogu s petim poglavjem knjige Joan Copjec Read My Desire, »Vampirji, dojenje in tesnoba«. Pri tej prekoračitvi gre za dejanje svobode, ki človeku odpira prihodnost. Medtem ko v naslovu zadevnega poglavja iz Copjecine knjige odmeva naslov Freudovega spisa, pa v naslovu pričujočega članka »Dojka in pomol« odmeva naslov slike »Deklica in smrt«, ki omogoča analizo fantazme kot rešitve kastracijske tesnobe pri nevrotiku, kar ima za posledico omejitev želje. Analize problematike dojke kot delnega objekta in objekta-vzroka želje ter »prepovedane ženske«, ki jo Copjec najde v filmu Chrisa Markerja Mesto slovesa, izpostavijo premik od lacanovske teorije, osredotočene na simbolno, k nedavni metapsihologiji Willyja Apollona, razviti v kliniki za zdravljenje psihoz GIFRIC v Quebecu. Iz obravnave tega dela in različic izvorne fantazme, ki jih ponuja Lucie Cantin, avtorica razbere lastnosti nebrzdane težnje želje, ki ni odvisna od pogojev nevrotične fantazme in se lahko sooči s prihodnostjo, za katero v jeziku ni nobene reference
Uvodnik
No full textIntroduction by section editors Noit Banai and Marina Gržinić.Uvodnik urednic sklopa Noit Banai in Marine Gržinić
Od emigracije do (ne)imigracije do postmigracije? Migrantski drugi in konstruiranost nacionalne identitete v Nemški demokratični republiki in združeni Nemčiji
No full textThe essay traces the legal, representative, and societal status of migrant Others in the “closed society” of the GDR (German Democratic Republic or East Germany) as an example of how Germany has been profiting from labor migration on both sides of the Wall. It outlines how, from German reunification to the present day, migration has been presented as a sudden and temporary problem that obscures a colonial and racist past and necropolitical present. The essay examines the process of social de-differentiation in the “state-domineered society” of the GDR and how social techniques of othering and ethnicization in the form of laws for foreigners fostered discrimination and racism against the “stranger” (Georg Simmel), especially the guest worker. Looking at the process of a “double transformation” in the wake of the fall of the Berlin Wall and the subsequent reunification, the essay examines how overlapping processes of othering as the modern equivalent of the term “Orientalism” (Edward Said) have shaped and continue to shape reunified Germany. The process of “catching up with modernization” affects not only former migrants, second-generation descendants, refugees, and racialized citizens, but also the social group of East Germans who stood outside a Western-coded paradigm of normalcy. It asks to what extent the Federal Republic of Germany aimed at the integration of majority white East Germans during the reunification process to the detriment of migrant Others and how reunified Germany still fosters integration for the benefit of national economic interests and at the cost of migrant Others in Germany today. The essay reflects on the complicated transition from the notion of an ethnically homogeneous German nation, postulated since 1871 and long prevalent in terms of the principle of descent, to the contested self-image of reunified Germany as a country of immigration and its transformation into a post-migration society.Esej poskuša izslediti pravni, reprezentativni in družbeni status migrantskih Drugih v ≫zaprti družbi≪ Nemške demokratične republike ali Vzhodne Nemčije (NDR) kot primer, kako je Nemčija imela dobiček od delovnih migracij na obeh straneh zidu. Opisuje, kako so bile od ponovne združitve Nemčije do danes migracije predstavljene kot nenadna in začasna težava, kar zakriva kolonialno in rasistično preteklost ter nekropolitično sedanjost. Esej preučuje proces družbene dediferenciacije v družbi, ki jo obvladuje država NDR, in kako so družbene tehnike ustvarjanja drugosti in etnizacije v obliki zakonov za tujce spodbujale diskriminacijo in rasizem proti ≫tujcu≪ (Simmel), zlasti gastarbajterem. Ob pogledu na proces ≫dvojne transformacije≪ po padcu berlinskega zidu in poznejši ponovni združitvi esej preučuje, kako so prekrivajoči se procesi ustvarjanja drugosti kot sodobnega ekvivalenta izraza ≫orientalizem≪ (Edward Said) oblikovali in še naprej oblikujejo ponovno združeno Nemčijo
Spol in nelagodje
No full textGender produces multiple discontents (unease, discomfort, embarrassment, irritation, annoyance) in society. With this straightforward thesis the author addresses the problem of gender—Butlerian “gender trouble”—as a form of cultural discontent or unease. During the ground-breaking and path-paving women’s, feminist, gay and lesbian movements, gender, then female gender, caused cultural irritation for the patriarchy of the then societies and continues to do so to this very day. However, with the recent transgender movement, this cultural unease about gender has taken on entirely new dimensions, including turning gender into an alarming issue, a threatening global specter and annoyingly omnipresent conflict not only in wider society but also in academia. These uneasy issues are here tackled in two ways, through the theory and practice of gender. The way subversive gender theory can trigger collective unease, even if it is falsely imposed, artificially induced, and manipulatively orchestrated, is shown using the example of the abuse of Judith Butler’s gender theory by polemicists in culture war debates surrounding gender and proponents and supporters of the anti-gender movement, clearly betraying their intention of harming communities of gender non-conforming people and those communities’ efforts towards social, political, and legal emancipation. The way transgressive gender practice can trigger relational discomfort in everyday interactions is illustrated through the author’s own “gender story” in the form of a short autoethnography of gender unease, to illustrate the problem of deep sex/gender binarism, essentialism, primordialism, perennialism, and naturalism permeating, completely spontaneously and unreflexively, all our thoughts, words, actions, relationships, institutions, and collectives.Spol povzroča številna nelagodja (v obliki neugodja, neprijetnosti, zadrege, nerodnosti, vznemirjenja) v družbi. S to preprosto tezo avtorica naslavlja problem spola—butlerjevsko “težavo s spolom”—kot obliko kulturnega nelagodja. Že v času prelomnih in pot utirajočih si ženskih, feminističnih, gejevskih in lezbičnih gibanj je spol, takrat prvenstveno ženski spol, povzročil kulturno vznemirjenost patriarhata tedanjih družb in jo povzroča še danes. Toda z nedavnim transspolnim gibanjem je to nelagodje v zvezi s spolom dobilo popolnoma nove razsežnosti, vključno s pretvorbo spola v nekakšno alarmantno družbeno vprašanje, strah vzbujajočo globalno fantazmo in nadležno vseprisoten konflikt ne le v širši družbi, ampak tudi v akademskem svetu. Tovrstnega kulturnega nelagodja spola se tu lotevamo z dveh zornih kotov, skozi teorijo spola in prakso spola. Način, na katerega lahko subverzivna teorija spola sproži kolektivno nelagodje, tudi če je slednje lažno proizvedeno, umetno vsiljeno in manipulativno orkestrirano, je prikazan na primeru zlorabe teorije spola Judith Butler s strani antigenderistov, kar zgovorno izdaja njihov namen, tj. škodovati transspolni, interspolni in spolno nebinarni skupnosti ter zavreti njena prizadevanja za družbeno, politično in pravno priznanje ter temeljno emancipacijo na ravni človekovih pravic. Način, na katerega lahko transgresivna praksa spola sproži odnosno nelagodje v vsakdanjih medčloveških stikih, je ponazorjen z avtoričino lastno življenjsko ≫zgodbo spola≪ v obliki kratke avtoetnografije nelagodja spola, ki nakazuje na problem globokega spolnega binarizma, esencializma, primordializma, perenializma in naturalizma, ki povsem spontano in nerefleksivno prežema vse naše misli, besede, dejanja, odnose, institucije in kolektive
First record of Cistus salviifolius L. (Cistaceae) for the flora of the Republic of North Macedonia
No full textThe watershed of river Crn Drim in south-western parts of North Macedonia (Galičica and Jablanica mountains with the Ohrid valley in between) are under the influence of transitional mild continental to modified (sub)Mediterranean climate. These conditions support the development of rich flora and vegetation with presence of many relict and endemic species. Such is Cistus salviifolius L. (Sageleaf Rockrose) of the family Cistaceae, a species with Circum–Mediterranean distribution. This paper presents the first record of this species in North Macedonia, in the vicinity of Ohrid town (Trojani area), about 60km away from its nearest locality in Albania. The flora and vegetation associated with Cistus salviifolius in Trojani area are significantly different from the studied ones in which this species thrives in Northern Greece. Most of the recorded individuals develop on eroded regosols on silicate bedrock (phyllitic schists). Considering the small extent of occurrence in North Macedonia (62 ha), the threat status of Cistus salviifolius was assessed as Endangered [EN B1a+2a]. Future biogeographical studies supported by molecular analysis can explore distribution pathways, as well as past and present ecological conditions in the watershed of river Crn Drim
»Ko bi le bil Trubar Hrvat!« Slovenske variacije na temo skupni južnoslovanski jezik od reformacije do neoilirizma
No full textWhenever leading Slovene intellectuals were in the position todecide about a large-scale solution to the literary language question,there was to be a fierce debate for several years, with the minimalist view eventually prevailing. Representatives of three differently motivated movements, the Reformation, Illyrism and Neo-Illyrism, tried to restore the linguistic unity among the South Slavs (mostly excluding the Bulgarians from the start). Accordingly, the literary language for all South Slavs was to be based either on one of the regional dialects, aiming for a wider reading public in order to spread the reformation doctrine also among the uneducated, or it was to be the language of sophisticated literature, based on lexical and morphological featurescommon to most South Slavic dialects, in order to create a nation by creating a national literature for all South Slavs (or, sometimes even wider, for all Slavs). In the third period, in the Neo-Illyrist movement, the idea was to create a common literary language for the useof all inhabitants of a Yugoslav state after the dissolution of the Habsburg Monarchy: the identification of its citizens with their state was to be strengthened by linguistic unity. The Slovenian clergy's, writers' and intellectuals' attitudes towards suggestions for a common South Slavic literary language, the topic of discussion in the present paper, appear to be mostly rather skeptical than friendly, and, while there were among the Slovenes men like Sebastian Krelj in the 16th, Stanko Vraz and Matija Majar-Ziljski in the 19th and Fran Ilešič in the20th century, who played the parts of protagonists of a wider concept of literary language, fusing the Slovene and the Croatian dialectal basis, there were others who took a minimalist point of view at least as decidedly, accepting nothing outside the Slovene dialects as a basis for a literary language used by Slovenes. The best known among themwere Primus Truber, Jernej Kopitar, France Prešeren and Ivan Cankar, and it was their minimalist notion of the Slovene literary language that each time prevailed in the end. Now, at the end of the 20th century, the Slovene literary language is, for the first time in history, on its way towards validity in all fields of private and public life in the Republic of Slovenia.Kadar koli so se slovenski intelektualci odločali o temeljnih vprašanjih knjižnega jezika, se je vnela večletna srdita razprava, vkateri so vedno prevladali nasprotniki vzpostavitve enotnega južnoslovanskega knjižnega jezika. Težnje k (ponovni) jezikovni enotnosti južnih Slovanov (razen Bolgarov) so se pojavile v reformaciji, v obdobju ilirizma in neoilirizma. V 16. stoletju naj bi skupni knjižni jezik temeljil na enem od narečij in tako omogočil razširjati protestantizem tudi med neizobraženim ljudstvom. Cilj ilirizma je bila vzpostavitev skupnega južnoslovanskega knjižnega jezika umetniške književnosti, temelječega na skupnih značilnostih večine južnoslovanskih idiomov, z namenom, da se z enotno književnostjovseh južnih Slovanov (v nekaterih poskusih vseh Slovanov) ustvari enovit narod. V neolirizmu naj bi skupni južnoslovanski jezik, ki najbi po razpadu Avstro-Ogrske postal državni jezik, služil utrjevanju zavesti pripadnosti isti državi. Slovenska duhovščina, pisatelji in intelektualci ideji o skupnem južnoslovanskem jeziku večinoma niso bili naklonjeni. Medtem ko so v 16. stol. Sebastijan Krelj, v 19. Stanko Vraz in Matija Majar-Ziljski ter v 20. Fran Ilešič zagovarjali približevanje slovenskega jezika hrvaškemu, so v istih obdobjih drugi, predvsem Primož Trubar, Jernej Kopitar, France Prešeren in Ivan Cankar vztrajali, da se slovenski knjižni jezik razvija le v okviru danosti, ki mu jih nudi njegova narečna osnova. Le-ti so prevladali v vsakem odnavedenih poskusov, da bi se ustvaril širši skupni knjižni jezik. Danes, proti koncu 20. stol., ima slovenščina v Sloveniji prvič vzgodovini resnično veljavo na vseh področjih zasebnega in javnega življenja
Perceptivna dialektologija in prihodnost slovenskih narečij
No full textThis paper is a description and analysis of a survey designed to ask questions about dialect usage and attitudes in Slovenia. The questionnaire was administered during November of 2005 at the University of Ljubljana and the University of Maribor. Overall, the survey of university students depicts a situation that is positive for dialect maintenance, but there is significant variation in some dialect regions.Članek je opis in analiza ankete, v kateri smo zastavljali vprašanja o rabi narečij in odnosu do narečij v Sloveniji. Izvedena je bila novembra 2005 na univerzah v Ljubljani in Mariboru. Na splošno je anketa študentov pokazala stanje v prid ohranjanju narečij, ki pa je na nekaterih narečnih področjih precej neenotno
Altitudinal Habitat Variability and Ethnobiological Applications of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) in Uttarakhand India
No full textThis study comprehensively assesses the diversity, distribution, and cultural significance of Coccinellidae (ladybirds) in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, documenting 32 species from 19 genera, with Coccinella as the predominant genus, including key species like Coccinella septempunctata, C. transversalis and Cheilomenes sexmaculata. Species richness was greatest at lower altitudes (300 m), with Coccinella septempunctata and Hippodamia variegata showing a wide altitudinal distribution and a marked decrease with increasing altitude, consistent with known ecological patterns. Agricultural ecosystems harboured the greatest diversity of Coccinellidae, due to the availability of prey and habitat heterogeneity, while flower gardens, mango orchards and forests harboured fewer species. In particular, Illeis cincta, Halyzia sanscrita and Harmonia axyridis were frequently observed in both agricultural and floral habitats, reflecting their ecological adaptability. The study also throws light on the ethnozoological practices of Vann Gujjar and Pahari communities, who use species such as Coccinella hieroglyphica, C. leonina and Propylea dissecta to treat ailments such as asthma, cough and skin diseases. A cross-cultural analysis revealed different preferences between the species, with Coccinella septempunctata having the highest cultural value due to its symbolic and medicinal significance. These results emphasize the ecological and cultural importance of Coccinellidae and provide valuable insights into their role in ecosystem functioning and traditional practices
Prediktorji stanovanjske mobilnosti v poznejšem življenjskem obdobju: empirični izsledki o mlajših starejših v manjšem avstrijskem mestu
Full text linkThe article addresses residential mobility in later life from the perspective of the young-old, an under-explored topic in Austria. Data originating from a written survey conducted as part of a cross-sectional case study on people aged 60 to 74 years living in an Austrian small town are used to estimate prospective behaviour using logistic regression. The results show that women and people with a higher educational attainment are more likely to leave their current urban residential municipality, while men are more likely to relocate to a nursing home. Moreover, a duration of residence of 20 or more years decreases the probability of relocation. The findings confirm previous studies and highlight, that more spatially disaggregated data is needed to improve decision-making in town planning.Članek obravnava stanovanjsko mobilnost v poznejšem obdobju življenja z vidika mlajših starejših, kar je v Avstriji slabo raziskano področje. Na podlagi podatkov, pridobljenih s pisno anketo med prebivalci manjšega avstrijskega mesta, starimi od 60 do 74 let, v okviru presečne študije primera, je z logistično regresijo ocenjeno njihovo prihodnje vedenje. Rezultati kažejo, da je za ženske in osebe z višjo izobrazbo bolj verjetno, da bodo zapustile mestno občino, v kateri živijo, medtem ko je za moške bolj verjetno, da se bodo preselili v dom za ostarele. Poleg tega se verjetnost preselitve zmanjša, če posamezniki v kraju prebivajo 20 let in več. Izsledki potrjujejo ugotovitve prejšnjih raziskav in poudarjajo potrebo po prostorsko bolj razpršenih podatkih za izboljšanje odločanja pri načrtovanju mest
