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Methodological Pluralism & Analytical Eclecticism in Political Science: The Logic of Political Inquiry
No full textThe Development of a Scale to Assess Children\u27s and Adolescents\u27 Sleep Environments
No full textSTUDY OBJECTIVES: To develop a measure of children’s sleep environments and to assess its initial reliability and validity.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study consisted of an online survey for parents of 5–18-year-old children across the United States. A total of 840 parents/caregivers (Mage=40.6 years, SD=8.6; 72.0% female) completed surveys regarding a target child (Mage=10.4 years, SD=3.8). The scale’s items were evaluated with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses in separate random sample halves of the dataset. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated to assess internal consistency across multiple demographic groups. We explored convergent and discriminant validity by examining associations with measures from the nomological net of constructs surrounding the child sleep environment. Finally, we examined incremental/unique predictive validity of the full scale and its subscales through regression analyses.
RESULTS: The Children’s and Adolescents’ Sleep Environment Scale (CASES; 13 items) produced three factors: general environmental hazards (7 items), availability of bedding materials (2 items), and the presence of electronics (4 items). The full scale and its subscales demonstrated strong discriminant validity, and analyses suggested that the CASES and its subscales were generalizable across diverse demographic groups. Finally, after controlling for children’s sleep hygiene, sleep disturbances, behavioral problems, and family functioning, the full-scale CASES significantly predicted children’s sleepiness, as did the general environmental hazards and presence of electronics subscales in a separate regression analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: The CASES demonstrates strong psychometric properties and has emerged as both a reliable and valid indicator of children’s and adolescents’ sleep environments and their potential impact on children’s sleep and sleep-related behavior
Physical Chemistry Research at Undergraduate Institutions: Innovative and Impactful Approaches
No full textA tenure-track position at a primarily undergraduate university (PUI) is highly rewarding, but can also be stressful with many new obligations and responsibilities that faculty were not necessarily prepared for during their graduate studies or postdoctoral fellowships. In particular, PUI computational chemists are likely to be the only computational experts in their department, and thus may not have access to experienced mentors to offer advice on establishing and maintaining a successful research group specializing in computational chemistry. In this chapter, we offer faculty beginning a tenure-track position advice and guidance on how to setup a young research lab. We describe several important considerations that faculty must contemplate as they start their labs. Furthermore, we detail different likely scenarios that faculty might encounter based on varying levels of financial, technical, and administrative support at a PUI and how faculty should proceed with establishing a new lab based on their specific situation. Finally, we provide advice for new faculty on how to recruit and train new students, as well as other important decisions faculty must make when trying to build a productive research group. This chapter provides a clear list of the most important aspects of creating a new computational chemistry research group to help new tenure-track faculty get started and be successful in the short- and long-term
Physical Therapists Are Routinely Performing the Requisite Skills to Directly Refer for Musculoskeletal Imaging: An Observational Study
No full textObjectives
To explore if physical therapists are practicing skills necessary to refer patients for musculoskeletal imaging. Methods
An expert panel established a list of nine requisite skills to refer for musculoskeletal imaging. A blinded expert panel validated the list using a 5-point Likert scale. The skills list was examined via an electronic survey distributed to United States physical therapists. Results
4,796 respondents were included. Each of the nine skills were routinely performed by a majority of the respondents (range: 54.52–94.72%). Respondents routinely performed 6.95 (± 0.06) skills, with 67.41% routinely performing seven or more skills. Doctors of physical therapy routinely performed more imaging skills (7.15 ± 0.06) compared to their masters- (6.44 ± 0.19) and bachelors-trained (5.95 ± 0.21) counterparts (p \u3c 0.001). Residency/fellowship-trained physical therapists were more likely to routinely perform more imaging skills (7.60 ± 0.11 vs. 6.79 ± 0.07, p \u3c 0.001). Imaging skill performance was greater among board-certified physical therapists (7.39 ± 0.09 vs. 6.71 ± 0.08, p \u3c 0.001) and APTA members (7.06 ± 0.07 vs. 6.65 ± 0.12, p \u3c 0.001). Conclusion
Physical therapists are routinely practicing the requisite imaging skills to directly refer to a radiologist for musculoskeletal imaging
A Systematic Review on the Effect of Physical Therapist Delivered Ergonomic Intervention on Workers in a Physically Taxing Workplace
No full textMusculoskeletal injuries have increased in the past decade, and this has caused a sequela of pain and missed work time due to injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of physical therapist delivered ergonomic intervention on workers in a physically taxing workplace. A systematic review was performed, which evaluated changes in pain and functional status of injured workers when ergonomic interventions were delivered by physical therapists. Methods: A literature search of ProQuest Central, Science Direct, PubMed, Taylor and Francis and EbscoHost was conducted using PEDro guidelines. The search limits and selection criteria were employed. A systematic review of literature using PEDro guidelines was used.In total, six RCTs met the selection criteria. Conclusion:Moderate to strong mixed evidence exists to show the effect physical therapist can have on providing workplace solutions to improve function and decreases pain with employees in a physically taxing workplace
Bioaccumulation of copper in Cambarus georgiea
No full textWith new developments for the use of copper, such as coated copper sulfates as algicides, it is important to understand both the acute and chronic toxicity impacts of copper on native aquatic fauna. Crustacean physiology is very sensitive to pollution of freshwater systems from anthropogenic sources; as such, crayfish are key bioindicator species. We tested the impact of chronic low exposure of cupric sulfate (5.0 lg/L) for 30 days on the hepatopancreas, gills, and tail muscle tissues of Cambarus georgiea. The relative dry organ mass (% total body mass) was significantly lower (p \u3c 0.05) in the tail muscle of the exposed group, compared to the control group. Tissue concentration of copper (lM/g dry mass) was also significantly higher in the tail muscle of the exposed group, compared to the control group. This finding is different to the current literature in other species of crayfish and crustacea, which have found that acute exposure to copper leads to accumulation in the hepatopancreas and gills, rather than in tail muscle. C. georgiea is endemic to the hypoxic altitudes of the Blue Ridge Mountain Province, therefore, we suggest that this species likely evolved to sequester copper in the tail muscle in order to prioritize the functional demands of the hepatopancreas and gills within its natural habitat
The Burdened Burdensome Woman: A Poststructural Feminist Analysis of Discussions of The New York Times’ Homeschooling Gender (Dis)Parity Article
No full textAs the COVID-19 pandemic swept America in 2020, schools closed and families shifted to children learning online from home. This labor was dominantly covered by mothers, many of whom still had careers to maintain. A 2020 New York Times article reporting on the homeschooling shift concluded with the polarizing declaration that while women did most of the labor associated with homeschooling, men did not perceive the gender imbalance. Guided by a critical feminist lens, the authors examined the comments posted in the article’s comment section to unpack the discourse. Western society places pressure on women to flawlessly perform motherhood and other tasks simultaneously; as such, the COVID-19 pandemic provided a context rich for further subjugation and subordination of pink-collar work
Evidence-based Assessment and Management of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders
No full textBased Education Protocol for Kidney Transplant Recipients
No full textClinical Problem: The need for standardized education protocols to improve knowledge and improve their quality of life after their kidney transplant Significance: Transplant recipients are at an increased risk of poorer outcomes with inefficient education. Implementation of a standardized education protocol for kidney transplant recipients is essential for best patient outcomes. A formal standardized transplant education protocol would ensure consistent and structured education for the transplant recipients and allow for proper continuity of care. With improved knowledge patients would be able to better care for themselves and it gives them the confidence to make knowledgeable decisions regarding their health. These patients rely on the healthcare providers to give them the essential tools and education to be successful in caring for themselves and their transplant. PICOT Question: In kidney transplant recipients over the age of 18, does evidence-based standardized education protocols verses non-standardized education protocols improve knowledge and improve quality of life for kidney transplant recipients over a 3 month time frame? Clinical Change: After a thorough review and analysis of the synthesis of literature it has been discovered that standardized education has a positive impact by improving patient outcomes after transplant. With having a formalized education plan all multidisciplinary team members have an organized protocol to follow. This will ensure that the information given to the patient is consistent and continuity of care will be maintained Desired Outcome: The desired outcome for this EBP proposal is to improve transplant outcomes when newly transplanted recipients are given a standardized education protocol. This would give the patient the knowledge and confidence they need to make appropriate decision