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Effect of lignocellulosic components on the anaerobic digestibility of aquatic weeds and development of a predictive model of methane production
Get PDF創価大学博士（工学）Although the anaerobic digestion of aquatic weeds has been attempted all over the world, few studies focus on the relationship between anaerobic digestibility and chemical compositions. The biomass harvested from waterbody has variety of aquatic weeds species, and species composition and chemical composition in each species might vary with the change of season. In this doctoral thesis, development of the estimation method of annual methane productivity from seasonality of the chemical composition and species composition of harvested aquatic weeds was performed as follows: seasonal changes of the chemical compositions and estimation of monthly methane potential of harvested aquatic weeds from lake Biwa (Study 1), correlation analysis between chemical composition and anaerobic digestibility calculated by fitting to modified Gompertz model (Study 2). In study 1, among three species harvested in monthly from Spring to Fall, chemical composition was changed seasonally in two species, but another species did not change, indicating that life cycle of aquatic weeds affects the seasonality of the chemical composition. On the other hand, although methane yield were significantly varied, the difference was larger in each species: thus, methane potential of harvested aquatic weeds can be mainly determined depending on the species compositions. Estimation of monthly methane potential of aquatic weeds harvested from Lake Biwa was low in autumn to spring seasons (171?186 mL g-VS?1) due to the predominance of P. maackianus. In study 2, significant correlations were obtained between cellulose/lignin and ultimate methane yield, cellulose/hemicellulose and maximum methane production rate, and hemicellulose content and T80, respectively. From the equations explaining each kinetic parameters and annual estimated chemical compositions of harvested aquatic weeds, anaerobic digestibility was estimated. In Study 3, ADM1 was developed and simulated for the aquatic weeds biomass, incorporating these relationships. As a result, the ADM1 was able to estimate the methane production of water plant biomass with high accuracy. In the general discussion, the operational stability of the continuous treatment was estimated by the model and discussed for the social implementation of this treatment.doctoral thesi
The Tentative Consideration about the Level of Educational Service in Case of Integrated Sphere
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether each one of local governments in the same integrated sphere serves similar school support service at level because of proximity in distance. It is said that school support service is due to local government and the level of it differs. But, in case of local governments located in the same integrated sphere, we can probably say that they tend to serve similar service. So, I tried to examine this hypothesis using variance.departmental bulletin pape
Current Status of Research on Optimism and Pessimism
Get PDFThe current paper attempts to examine the major studies on optimism and pessimism. Various researchers have described optimism and pessimism from different perspectives. These are the main studies that has covered this subject: Scheier & Carver’s (1985) dispositional optimism and pessimism, Seligman’s (1991) explanatory style, Norem & Canter’s (1986) strategic optimism and defensive pessimism, Schnieder’s (2001) realistic optimism, Taylor & Brown (1988) and Shepperd et al.'s (2013) unrealistic optimism. In the current study, the researchers have examined core concepts of these studies related to optimism and pessimism. It is generally recognized that optimism has positive effect on the life events, but the researchers found that optimism without proper basis may create negative effect as well (Shepperd et al., 2015). Similarly, in the case of pessimism, defensive pessimism actually has a positive effect on an individual and helps him/her to prepare and perform well in a given task (Norem, 2001).departmental bulletin pape
Physiological functions and diseases of glycans
Get PDF創価大学博士（工学）In this study, the physiological functions of glycans in five research items across species were investigated, and then their associations with muscular dystrophy, colorectal carcinoma and viral infection were examined. The following results were shown for each research item. (1)The deficiency of O-mannosyl glycan synthesis in Drosophila showed a “twisted abdomen” phenotype, which was shown to be a model for muscular dystrophy. (2) Novel β1,3-GalT, which synthesizes insect-specific N-type glycans containing T antigen in the brain of honeybees, was identified and a consensus sequence of active motifs was proposed. (3) PAPST-mediated sulfation is involved in the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. (4) The sulfated glycan structure extracted by data mining enhances influenza virus infection. (5) Furthermore, this glycan structure is involved in the efficient propagation of human influenza virus to chicken egg.doctoral thesi
