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Mass cultivation of marine planktonic copepods
Get PDFTo meet the increasing global demand for seafood, efficient and stable aquaculture production is essential. This requires mass production of fish fry and development of suitable live diets for their growth. In aquaculture and the ornamental industry, marine planktonic co- pepods are recognized as preferred live feeds for marine fish larvae over the commonly used organisms Artemia and rotifers. Marine fish larvae fed with the copepods show better survival, pigmentation and growth. Based on this, wild copepods collected from the natural ecosystem have been used as the live diet for fish larvae culturing. Mass culture of copepods under a con trolled environment is desirable due to the unstable collection amount, difficulties in obtaining consistent quality, and risk of parasite/pathogen contamination when collecting copepods from natural ecosystems. Despite being a preferred live feed, copepod use is still limited due to low productivity and cost efficiency when intensively cultured.This review focuses on the status and challenges in the mass cultivation technology of marine planktonic copepods. Section 2 summarizes the importance of live diets for marine fish produc- tion and the challenges of a conventional live diet using rotifer and Artemia from the viewpoint of prey size and nutrient demand of the fish larvae. Section 3 focuses on the characteristics of marine planktonic copepods as aquaculture live diets, and briefly introduces the research history of culturing copepods from the 1970s. Section 4 reviews which copepods have been cultured as target species to date. Section 5 presents the types of diets that have been used to cultivate cope- pods, and what factors should be considered in selecting their diets. In addition, non-microalgal diets such as yeast, bacteria and protists, which are considered to be cheaper to produce than microalgal diets, will also be introduced. Section 6 discusses copepod stocking density, which determines productivity and production cost in the mass culture, and presents how stress caused by high-density conditions affects their survival, egg production, and hatching success. Section 7 deals with cannibalism, one of the most serious problems limiting productivity in mass copepod culturing, and discuss how many eggs and larvae are lost through cannibalism based on quanti- tative data. Section 8 summarizes the various methods developed for collecting and separating eggs and nauplii from individual adults to minimize cannibalism risk. Section 9 covers the meth- ods for storing copepod eggs and nauplii, which can enable copepod products to be transported between producers and consumers, and assist producers in maintaining backup cultures.departmental bulletin pape
Development of Bioinformatics Resources for Glycan-related Pathway Information using Semantic Web Technologies
Get PDF創価大学博士（工学）It has been attempted to integrate distributed data in many biological disciplines, which will enable the development of new knowledge bases and provide insight into underlying biological processes. However, the diversity of biological data types and the complexity of concepts has presented an obstacle to data integration. On the other hand, Semantic Web Techniques, created to provide a standard for data sharing on the web, have been used for integrating biological information derived from various data types. I implemented the fundamental methods of Semantic Web technology features in order to standardize the glycan-related data that is gathered from public databases or co-researchers in a computer-readable manner and to build a repository for pathway information, which is described by interpreting different types of resources and concepts including catalytic activation, translocation, modification, and so on. Given the importance of glycans in pathway information, sharing data with other information from existing databases or more specific details provided by users will support in data integration.doctoral thesi
On the Use of Forest Space of Mt. Takao for the Purpose of Tourism and Leisure:In Relation to SDGs
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Suicide from the perspective of the environment and psychology ―Proposal of Teaching Materials for Education of Views of Life and Death in Schools―
Get PDFThis article provides basic material for suicide prevention education in schools. Suicide is caused by a variety of factors, including economic problems, life problems, family problems, and health problems. Using data on suicide rates and other publicly available data, we have shown that life satisfaction and living environment such as climate can also affect these problems. At that time, we also considered weather related diseases. It must be considered that climate change, in addition to natural disasters and food crises, has the potential to transform the situation of suicide and weather-related illnesses. Next, when examining the effect of psychological traits on suicidal ideation, it was found that personality traits such as optimism and happiness may prevent suicide.departmental bulletin pape
The Actual Situation and Determinants of Women's Out-of-School Status in Kenya -Using the 2014 Demographic and Health Survey
Get PDFWhile the expansion of basic education opportunities has progressed to guarantee quality education for all, disparities in school enrollment have become apparent. There is an urgent need to support marginalized children to build a society of diversity and inclusion. The purpose of this study is to identify the actual enrollment status and determinants of women's enrollment in school in Kenya. Using the 2014 Kenya Demographic Health Survey, this study examines （1） the characteristics of out-of-school （never-attend and dropout） status and （2） the determinants of school enrollment among women aged 15-17. The significance of this paper is to examine （1） the identification of social groups that need intensive support among marginalized children and（ 2） the identification of the key factor of school attendance.
Women in need of intensive assistance are most likely to be unschooled women living nomadic lives in rural areas. They are 70% from the poorest families, and about half of the mothers of out-of-school children are uneducated. Although they represent 2.3% of the age group, they are considered the most marginalized group. Among those who are not in school, dropout is a common occurrence, and it is distributed across all socio-demographic groups. The determinants of non-continuation of schooling were significant for variables related to early marriage, lack of educational resources, employment status, and family and community environment, and were generally consistent with the findings of previous studies. On the other hand, the tendency of those from the wealthiest households to be out of school is a new finding. In addition, the fact that the synchronous pressure in favor of county average circumcision was significant also provides the possibility that factors that cannot be explained by economic constraints alone may be important. On the other hand, a limitation of this study is that it does not fully examine the educational experiences and diverse abilities of the women in the analysis. Since information on contraceptive decision-making, knowledge of HIV/AID prevention, and health-related values and behaviors exist in the KDHS, we plan to examine ways to effectively utilize this information in the future. And verification of parental involvement and expectations was also insufficient. The influence of mothers' educational level and mothers' values on school attendance can be supplemented by analysis of children in the early childhood and primary education stages.departmental bulletin pape
Fieldwork in the neighborhood area through social studies lecture for geography teacher education
Get PDFThe main purpose of this study is to clarify the aim and contents of fieldwork in the neighborhood area in geography teacher education. Geography is taught as part of social studies in primary and secondary education in Japan. Fieldwork contains the important activities in the geography lessons of primary and secondary schools. It also plays an important role in teacher education. University students can acquire knowledge and skill related to fieldwork by participating in outdoor field research activities. High quality fieldwork can make students understand the feature of the locality.departmental bulletin pape
