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Integration of Specific Aeration Demand (SAD) into Flux-Step Test for Submerged Membrane Bioreactor
No full textThis study proposes a novel methodology to assess fouling that complements the flux-step test (FST) by integrating aeration-step tests (ASTs) to optimise the specific aeration demand (SADm) for ultrafiltration hollow-fibre (UF-HF) submerged membranes in membrane bioreactor (MBR) configurations. Three membranes with distinct manufactur- ing processes non-thermal-induced phase separation (NIPS) and thermal-induced phase separation (TIPS) were evaluated under continuous and intermittent aeration. The AST revealed that the critical SADm has a range of 0.1-0.5 m3·m−2·h−1 for continuous aeration and 0.1-0.2 m3·m−2·h−1 for intermittent aeration. NIPS membranes with homogeneous structures were less prone to fouling under intermittent aeration, while TIPS membranes with a heterogeneous structure exhibited better recovery under continuous aeration, reflecting distinct fouling dynamics. Findings indicate that the FST alone does not fully represent operational conditions, as aeration efficiency is linked to membrane structure and aeration mode. By combining the FST with ASTs, our approach enables tailored fouling control strategies, reducing energy consumption and improving MBR performance. These insights are critical for advancing toward energy-efficient wastewater treatment technologiesAlbert Galizia would like to thank the AGAUR for his predoctoral grant (2021 FI_B 00069). Hèctor Monclús gratefully acknowledges the Ramon y Cajal Research Fellowship (RYC2019-026434-I). Gaëtan Blandin received the support of a fellowship from the “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434). The fellowship code is LCF/BQ/PR21/1184000
Conclusiones del Taller de Seguimiento de Proyectos con Riesgo Biológico
No full textTaller en el que se debaten temas sobre la evaluación y seguimiento del riesgo biológico, sobre la importancia de realizar una planificación del seguimiento debatiendo aspectos como el establecimiento de las responsabilidades, la importancia de la formación y el establecimiento de procedimientos adecuados de consulta y comunicación. Se reflexiona sobre lo que supone el Seguimiento de Proyectos de Investigación con riesgo biológico en el seno de los Comités de Bioseguridad, discutiendo en relación el porqué, la periodicidad, la normalización del seguimiento y las lagunas existentes en el Riesgo Biológico des del punto de vista de la Prevención de Riesgos Laborales. Se discute sobre diferentes cuestiones críticas a incluir en el seguimiento de actividades de investigación con riesgo biológico y se elabora un check-list de seguimiento de las actividades de investigación o docencia con riesgo biológicoTaller en què es debaten temes sobre l'avaluació i el seguiment del risc biològic, sobre la importància de realitzar una planificació del seguiment debatent aspectes com l'establiment de les responsabilitats, la importància de la formació i l'establiment de procediments adequats de consulta i comunicació. Es reflexiona sobre el que suposa el Seguiment de Projectes de Recerca amb risc biològic al si dels Comitès de Bioseguretat, discutint en relació el perquè, la periodicitat, la normalització del seguiment i les llacunes existents al Risc Biològic des del punt de vista de la Prevenció de Riscos Laborals. Es discuteix sobre diferents qüestions crítiques a incloure al seguiment d'activitats de recerca amb risc biològic i s'elabora un check-list de seguiment de les activitats de recerca o docència amb risc biològic
Girona com a ciutat del benestar
No full textTutor: Joan Barrientos Berty; Centre: Col·legi La Salle (Girona)Although many times we are not aware of it, when we move around large
municipalities, we find ourselves surrounded by multiple stimuli that we do not
pay attention to. That's why, since we live in it constantly, it's important to get
into it and get curious about the reason for people's mental state when they
move around a city.
Based on this approach, in this work, extensive research has been done on the
variables present in a city that condition the quality of life of those who live, work
or travel there on a daily basis, from architectural issues to more sustainable
ones. Once these factors were studied in the first part of the theoretical framework, I
complemented the second part by analysing them in the Girona area.
In the practical part, I have redesigned an urban space located in Girona,
chosen through a public survey, “Plaça de l'U d'Octubre”. In this area I have
applied changes contemplated in the theoretical part in order to contribute to
making this city more beneficial for the citizens. After that, I have physically
projected the modifications made by making a model.
Taking into account the theoretical and practical parts of this project, in addition
to the information obtained through an interview, a clear conclusion can be
stated: urban spaces must be redesigned in such a way that they are pleasant
for society and where you can work, rest or enjoy with quality of life and without
compromising the survival of the planetTot i que moltes vegades no en som conscients, quan ens desplacem pels
grans municipis ens trobem envoltats per múltiples estímuls els quals no hi
parem atenció. És per això que, ja que hi convivim constantment, és important
endinsar-s'hi i encuriosir-se sobre el perquè de l'estat mental de les persones
quan es mouen per una ciutat.
A partir d'aquest plantejament, en aquest treball s'ha fet una recerca extensa
sobre les variables presents en una ciutat que condicionen la qualitat de vida
d'aquells hi viuen, treballen o desplacen diàriament, des de temes
arquitectònics fins a més sostenibles.
Un cop estudiats aquests factors a la primera part del marc teòric, n'he
complementat la segona part analitzant-los en l'àmbit gironí.
A la part pràctica he redissenyat un espai urbà situat a Girona, escollit
mitjançant una enquesta pública, la plaça de l'U d'Octubre. En aquesta àrea hi
he aplicat canvis contemplats a la part teòrica per així poder contribuir en fer
aquesta ciutat més benestant pels ciutadans. Posteriorment, les modificacions
realitzades les he projectat físicament elaborant una maqueta.
Tenint en compte els marcs teòric i pràctic, a més de la recopilació d'informació
obtinguda mitjançant una entrevista, es pot extreure una clara conclusió: els
espais urbans s'han de redissenyar de manera que siguin agradables per la
societat i on es pugui treballar, descansar o gaudir amb qualitat de vida i sense
comprometre la supervivència del planetaTreball premiat en la categoria de treballs de recerca en l'àmbit d'arquitectura, urbanisme i ciutat de la 26a edició dels Premis a Treballs de Recerca d'Estudiants de Batxillerat, atorgats pel Consell Social de la UdG1
PRO gummy's. Creació d'un suplement proteic i estudi de la seva viabilitat al mercat
No full textTutora: Anna Güell i Juanola; Centre: FEDAC Sant Narcís (Girona)The present research work is about the creation of a food supplement in jelly
format and studies its viability on the market through the design of a business
plan.
It is divided into three main sections; the theoretical part, the practical part and
the final product.
Firstly, the theoretical part is about all the research for information that has been
carried out in order to create the food product, the gummies. All the elements that
compose it and the reason of its choice, in addition to defining the proportions
and the formula used for its creation, are defined in this point.
Secondly, in the practical part, the business plan has been developed in order to
validate if the product is available to be sold on the market, so there are all the
necessary plans to make the business run up and the application at PRO
gummy's SLU, the official name of the society.
Finally, at the final product of the work, the physical product and the website have
been created to be able to sell it on the market. All the steps to create the
packaging and the QR to access the company's website are described thereEl present treball de recerca tracta sobre la creació d’un suplement alimentari en
format gominola i estudia la seva viabilitat al mercat amb el disseny d’un pla
empresarial.
Aquest està dividit en tres seccions principals: el marc teòric, el marc pràctic i el
producte final.
Primer de tot, dins el marc teòric és on consta tota la recerca d’informació que
s’ha hagut de dur a terme per a la creació del producte alimentari, les gominoles,
on s’han escollit cadascun dels ingredients que la componen i la justificació de la
seva elecció, a més de definir les proporcions i la fórmula usada per a la seva
creació.
Seguidament, al marc pràctic, on es desenvolupa el pla d’empresa per validar
que aquest producte sigui viable per vendre al mercat, s’hi troben tots els plans
necessaris per a fer que una empresa es posi en funcionament i s’apliquen a la
creació de PRO gummy’s SLU, nom oficial de la societat.
Finalment, com a producte final del treball s’ha creat el producte físic i s’ha
dissenyat un lloc web per poder-lo comercialitzar al mercat. En aquest apartat
s’hi descriuen tots els passos per a la creació del producte, el disseny del seu
packaging i el QR per poder accedir a la pàgina web de l’empresaTreball premiat en la categoria de treballs de recerca en l'àmbit d'innovació industrial de la 26a edició dels Premis a Treballs de Recerca d'Estudiants de Batxillerat, atorgats pel Consell Social de la UdG
Impacte de la hipnoteràpia en el part: rol infermer/a. Revisió bibliogràfica
No full textIntroduction: Giving birth is one of the most transformative experiences in a woman's life. Today, various sociocultural factors contribute to a widespread fear of childbirth, which can heighten the perception of pain and negatively impact the birth experience. Hypnobirthing is an alternative technique based on hypnotherapy that aims to counter this trend by inducing a state of deep focus. This state, achieved through cognitive training with relaxation techniques during pregnancy, helps reduce fear, anxiety, and pain, promoting a more positive and satisfying birth experience.
Objectives: This study has the following general objectives: to determine the impact of hypnobirthing on women’s overall childbirth experience and to analyze the role of nurses in the application of hypnobirthing techniques during labor. The specific objectives are: to assess the effectiveness of the hypnobirthing technique in reducing fear and stress during childbirth, to examine the influence of hypnobirthing on obstetric outcomes such as the duration of labor and the type of delivery, and to explore how hypnobirthing affects women’s perception of pain during childbirth.
Material and methods: The methodology of this literature review, conducted during January and February 2025, focused on searching for scientific evidence published between 2020 and 2025. The following MeSH terms were used: “childbirth,” “hypnosis,” “hypnotherapy,” “fear,” “labor pain,” “hypnobirthing,” and “nursing,” combined with the Boolean operator “AND.” The search was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Elsevier, CINAHL, and SciELO.
Results: A total of 14 articles were selected, including 10 experimental clinical trials and 4 quasi-experimental studies.
Conclusions: Hypnotherapy techniques applied during childbirth have been shown to have a positive effect on the perception and management of pain for the woman. Through these techniques, expectant mothers acquire valuable resources to face childbirth with greater security and tranquility. This emotional improvement contributes to a significant reduction in fear and anxiety, which are often the origin of a negative cycle of fear, tension, and pain experienced by many women during labor. Furthermore, evidence shows that hypnotherapy techniques help reduce pain, promote a more physiological birth, and decrease the need for interventions such as analgesia or cesarean sections. Additionally, they contribute to improving maternal satisfaction with the birth experience. Given these benefits, it is essential that healthcare professionals, especially nurses and midwives, receive specific training to integrate hypnobirthing into childbirth preparation, offering more holistic and woman-centered care
Cuestionario. Centenario Archivo Español de Arte (1925-2025) = Questionnaire. Centenary of Archivo Español de Arte (1925-2025)
No full textQüestionari pel centenari de la revista 'Archivo Español de Arte y Arqueología (AEAA)
Prevenció d’addiccions digitals en la infància mitjançant una intervenció educativa amb famílies: assaig clínic aleatoritzat. Projecte de recerca
No full textINTRODUCTION: The growing use of screens among children has transformed the way they play, learn, and socialize. Despite the educational and entertainment benefits that technology can offer, there is evidence of the negative effects of excessive use, such as sleep disturbances, sedentary behavior, obesity, emotional difficulties, and attention problems. Families play a key role in regulating screen time, and their involvement is essential for promoting healthy habits. Educational interventions led by nursing professionals can be an effective tool for raising awareness, training, and empowering families, preventing risks, and promoting comprehensive child development.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based educational intervention to promote the responsible use of technology during childhood and prevent addiction.
METHODOLOGY: A multicentred study with a mixed methodology, consisting of a randomized clinical trial (quantitative design) and a phenomenological qualitative study. The clinical trial will evaluate the effectiveness of an educational health intervention for caregivers of children aged 0 to 10 years (N=64), measuring problematic screen use and the acquisition of healthy habits in children (nutrition, physical exercise, rest). The results of the experimental group, which will receive 3 directed sessions, will be compared with the control group, which will follow the Healthy Child Program. The qualitative study will include 4 focus groups of 12 participants from the experimental group to explore family perceptions about the effectiveness of the intervention. Quantitative analysis will be performed with SPSS, and a thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke will be conducted for qualitative data, with triangulation to contrast the credibility of the results3
Anàlisi històric nacional de l’evolució de la professió de llevadora i l’assistència al part: monografia
No full textThe present work surrounds the theme of the history of the midwives in Spain. Its objective seeks, through a historical analysis, to study and reconstruct how the profession of the midwife in Spain has evolved from a gender perspective, and how this has influenced the attention to the current part. To make this possible, a qualitative bibliographic research was carried out during the months of September-November through different databases and using public libraries; from iconographic sources to documentary sources, such as laws and medical cartels of the time in question.
With the results obtained, a common thread is made of how the beginnings of this millennial profession were, where it is shown that, historically, midwives have been the main caregivers of both pregnancy and childbirth. This was a community and empirical event, transmitted orally from generation to generation between women and managed by midwives without a regulated training. In the 18th century, with the appearance of obstetricians, a hierarchization began in the care of childbirth and midwives are progressively excluded from their attention. Later this becomes an institutionalized act, moving from home to hospital, implementing protocols and technologies that reduce mortality but at the same time are increasingly weakening female autonomy. The millennial midwife becomes a nurse specializing in obstetrics and gynecology, under strict medical supervision within a hierarchical model. Finally, movements resurface on a part focused on women and the autonomous role of the midwife, with bets on more respectful and less interventionist care models.
The present work confirms that the midwife has been present throughout the history of humanity, and how this has been inseparable from the social, cultural and patriarchal contexts that have wanted to make it invisible and subordinate, as women in general. It is necessary to reassess the professional and autonomous role of the midwife as a key figure in the care of pregnancy and the normal birth, in favor of a more human birth and in favor of the sexual and reproductive health of women in generalPremi COIGI3
Effect of ply misalignment on the notched strength of composite laminates
No full textPredicting the notched strength of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers is a crucial aspect of composite structure design, particularly when considering the uncertainties stemming from geometric features, material variability and defects. This study focuses on the influence of ply misalignment at the meso-scale level. The research employs a comprehensive methodology to establish notched strength allowables, integrating analytical (low fidelity), which have limitations in the representation of stacking sequence effects and in the generation of ply misalignments, and computational tools (high fidelity), employing a finite element model (FEM). The investigation emphasizes the need for a holistic understanding of these factors to enhance the accuracy of predictions. The results predicted by the analytical and, specially, the numerical models are in good agreement with experimental results. Both models underscore the decrease of the notched strength due to ply misalignment. Finally, a hybrid approach is proposed given that FEM predictions offer more accuracy and a detailed comprehension of the failure mechanisms, while fast analytical models can be used to propagate the uncertainties and to determine the allowablesOV acknowledges the support of the Catalan Government, under the Grant 2020FI B2 00110. AT and OV gratefully acknowledge the funding of the Project RTI 2018-099373-B-100, co-financed by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economia
Competitividad) and the European Social Fund. AT acknowledges the Generalitat de Catalunya for the ICREA Academia prize 2022. This work has been conducted within the framework of the CAELESTIS project, funded by the European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency (CINEA) under grant agreement No. 101056886.
Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Elsevier
Dynamic Voxel-Based Global Illumination
No full textGlobal illumination computation in real time has been an objective for Computer Graphics since its inception. Unfortunately, its implementation has challenged up to now the most advanced hardware and software solutions. We propose a real-time voxel-based global illumination solution for a single light bounce that handles static and dynamic objects with diffuse materials under a dynamic light source. The combination of ray tracing and voxelization on the GPU offers scalability and performance. Our divide-and-win approach, which ray traces separately static and dynamic objects, reduces the re-computation load with updates of any number of dynamic objects. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, allowing the real-time display of global illumination effects, including colour bleeding and indirect shadows, for complex scenes containing millions of polygonsThis research was partially funded by Grant PID2021-122136OB-C22 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, by ERDF A way of making Europe and by grant RGPIN-2020-05117 from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Wile