25949 research outputs found
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Impacto de las intervenciones nutricionales en la población infantil y adolescentes con autismo: revisión sistemàtica
No full textIntroduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors. These characteristics influence eating dynamics, such as food selectivity and gastrointestinal disorders.
Objectives: To analyze and synthesize the available scientific evidence on nutritional interventions in children with ASD, evaluating their effectiveness in improving eating behavior.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria, using recognized health databases and analyzing studies with diverse methodological approaches. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) system was employed to assess methodological quality, and 12 relevant studies were selected.
Results: Nutritional interventions improved the diet and nutritional status of children with ASD, highlighting the effectiveness of behavioral strategies, sensory therapies, and parental training programs. Their effectiveness depended on factors such as age, ASD severity, and comorbidities. The impact of specific diets, supplementation, and personalized programs was also evaluated. However, barriers such as limited access to specialized resources in certain contexts persisted.
Conclusions: Despite the progress achieved, further evidence is needed to consolidate these strategies and evaluate their long-term sustainability. Developing evidence-based clinical guidelines and educational programs that strengthen the role of nursing is essential, integrating these interventions into clinical practice through a multidisciplinary, accessible, and personalized approach2
Darrere les trinxeres: la Tercera Guerra Carlina vista des de dins
No full textEn aquest treball s'analitza amb profunditat l’obra Records de la darrera carlinada de l’olotí Marian Vayreda, apreciant-ne amb detall totes les característiques narratives i l’àmplia riquesa lèxica que el conformen. Després de compendiar la vida de l’autor, s’analitza el tractament de la guerra dins l’obra, que és purament realista, així com s’explica el fort desengany que va patir el protagonista —i autor— de Records quan va poder viure la batalla
que durant tant de temps havia idealitzat a través la seva pròpia pell. D’altra banda, s’analitza com es retraten les figures del soldat carlí i la del quefe, i es detalla una anàlisi literària i narrativa enfocada en la construcció del relat, que finalment acaba amb una breu comparació amb dues obres de Vayreda1
Sobre el vocabulari ornitonímic en francès, llatí i català rossellonès dins la Grammaire Cathalane de Josep Tastú
No full textThis Bachelor's Thesis aims to provide a critical edition of folios 305, 306, and 307 from the unpublished manuscript Grammaire Cathalane by Josep Tastú. The excerpt consists of an ornithonymic vocabulary in French, Latin, and Roussillon Catalan, which forms part of the chrestomathy accompanying the aforementioned grammar. The thesis is divided into two parts: on one hand, it introduces the life and work of the Perpignan-born Josep Tastú; on the other hand, it presents the edited text along with detailed footnotes to aid comprehension
The War Trumpet. Iberian Epic Poetry (1543-1639) ed. by Emiro Martínez-Osorio y Mercedes Blanco (review)
No full textRessenya del llibre 'The War Trumpet: Iberian Epic Poetry (1543-1639)', editat per Emiro Martínez-Osorio i Mercedes Blanco i publicat per University of Toronto Press, l'any 202
Recursos internos y barreras para superar una adicción: proyecto de investigación no finalizado
No full textIntroduction: Addictions represent a highly complex public health issue, affecting individuals and societies on multiple levels. This study analyzes the internal resources that facilitate overcoming addictions, addressing various factors such as biological, psychological, social, and cultural influences, and highlights the role of nursing in this process.
Objective: To identify the internal resources that support overcoming an addition, analyze potential barriers throughout the process, and explore differences based on gender, culture, and economic status.
Methodology: This is an ongoing research project based on qualitative methodology. The study adopts a phenomenological qualitative approach, aiming for an in-depth understanding of the subjective experience of a situation, illness, or condition as lived by the individual. Focus groups and semi-structured individual interviews will be used for data collection. The project will receive approval from the Ethics Committee of Girona. The research results will help identify key internal resources in addiction overcoming and detect common barriers during the process, enabling nurses to optimize their interventions
A 5000-fold Increase in the HAT Reactivity of a Nonheme FeIV=O Complex Simply by Replacing Two Pyridines of N4Py Ligand with Pyrazoles
No full textA pentadentate [N5] ligand (N2Py2Pz) based on the classic N4Py (N,N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-N-bis(2-pyridyl)methylamine) framework has been synthesized by replacing the two pyridylmethyl arms with corresponding (N-methyl)pyrazolylmethyl units to form [N-bis(1-methyl-2-pyrazolyl)methyl-N-(bis-2-pyridylmethyl)amine] (L1). The oxidation of the iron(II) precursor (N2Py2Pz)FeII(OTf)2 (1) with (tBuSO2)C6H4IO at 298 K leads to the formation of the [FeIV(O)(N2Py2Pz)]2+ intermediate (2) with a near-IR band at 750 nm (εM = 250 M−1cm−1) and a t1/2 ~ 2 min at 298 K. The introduction of the less basic pyrazolylmethyl ligands in place of two pyridylmethyl units generates FeIV=O intermediate 2 that exhibits a cyclohexane oxidation rate of 0.29 s−1 at 298 K, which is 5,000-fold faster than that observed for the classic FeIV(O)N4Py parent complex and 40,000-fold more reactive than the least reactive FeIV(O)N2Py2Q′ complex in this series (Py = pyridine, Q′ = isoquinoline) recently reported by Nordlande
Endoscopic Vidian neurectomy for treating postcoital unilateral hydrorhinorrhea: A case report and literature review
No full textIntroduction and importance: Hydrorhinorrhea in response to sexual intercourse and orgasm (honeymoon rhinitis) is an underreported clinical presentation producing physical and behavior discomfort. Vidian neurectomy has been proposed for treating this condition when pharmacological treatment fails. Case presentation: We present a case of honeymoon rhinitis consisting of a 48 years-old male patient with left unilateral nasal discharge mainly present during sexual intercourse and orgasm. Exploratory nasal endoscopy, CT and MRI were normal. Beta-trace test and all allergy tests were negative. The response to antihistamines and corticosteroids had been negative. A Vidian endoscopic neurectomy was carried out. Clinical discussion: Using Vidian neurectomy, a complete sympathetic-parasympathetic denervation of the nasal mucosa was achieved. After a follow-up of 15 days, the patient stated that his symptoms had improved. Nasal obstruction, sneezing, and rhinorrhea had decreased without showing symptoms either in the morning or during sexual intercourse. After two years of follow-up, the symptoms were still resolved without any complaints related to his preoperative “honeymoon rhinitis.” Anatomical structural relationships between the activation of the autonomic nervous system in the pelvic region and the stimulation of sympathetic-parasympathetic neurons in the nasal mucosa is unknown. However, the use of Vidian neurectomy for treating these cases reveals they may be mediated by a possible disbalance of the autonomic activity. Conclusion: This case report gives background on the autonomic innervation of the nasal mucosa and how its imbalance causes a clinical condition that we suggest it could be solved by the Vidian neurectomy when other therapeutic measures failOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Elsevie
Social networks, norm-enforcing ties and cooperation
No full textWe study cooperation and group pressure on social networks by introducing a new concept termed norm-enforcing ties. By combining network characteristics and agents’ actions, direct and indirect norm-enforcing ties extend and refine the concept of social ties as well as the role of the tightness of a group as drivers of group pressure and cooperation. The results show that a strong commitment by agents with collective interests, or a high degree of confrontation between agents minimizes the effect of indirect norm-enforcing ties on cooperation. The analysis in terms of the agent’s utility reveals that an increase in indirect norm-enforcing ties does not necessarily lead to a decrease in the critical mass of compliers supporting cooperation. We demonstrate that network-oriented policies are more efficient in promoting cooperation than are standard economic policy instruments when the expected value of direct norm-enforcing ties is sufficiently large compared to the tightness of the group. Otherwise, standard economic policy instruments are more efficientOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Natur
Untangling lineages: population genetics and phylogenomics of Auxis Rochei and Euthynnus Alletteratus
No full textENG- The Little Tunny (Euthynnus alletteratus) and the Bullet Tuna (Auxis rochei) are two fish species within the tuna family that are closely related to larger tunas. Although they have a lower market value, thousands of tonnes of these species are captured each year, making the study of their populations essential for ensuring sustainable exploitation. Genetic tools play a vital role in this research by allowing us to examine genetic diversity, assess its distribution across their geographic ranges and trough time, and identify distinct populations. Additionally, molecular methods can validate the correct identification of captured species.
This thesis investigates these aspects for both species, focusing on population differentiation, the levels of genetic diversity, and the accuracy of visual species identification through genetic assignment. Given their evolutionary relationship and similar ecological behaviours, this thesis also aimed to compare the dynamics between species. This study both classical genetic markers and high-throughput sequencing techniques have been analysed.
For the Little Tunny, results revealed significant genetic differences between individuals in the North Atlantic and those in the tropical Atlantic, indicating that they may represent two distinct species. Within each species, we observed shallower genetic differences among localities, suggesting the presence of multiple populations.
Regarding the Bullet Tuna, we identified two populations in the Mediterranean Sea: one around the Iberian Peninsula and another in North Africa. Notably, our study revealed that some captures of Mediterranean Bullet Tuna were actually Frigate Tuna, a closely related species previously believed to be absent from the region.
The results of this thesis should guide the implementation of fishery management policies that ensure sustainable fisheries. These practices include accurate capture and stock identification. Recognizing the two Little Tunny species as separate fishery stocks is the most urgent policy that should be implemented by the relevant agencyCAT- La bacoreta (Euthynnus alletteratus) i la melva (Auxis rochei) són dues espècies de peixos que pertanyen al grup dels petits túnids. Espècies molt properes en termes evolutius a les tonyines. Com elles, també són explotades com a recurs pesquer i, tot i que tenen un valor de mercat més baix, cada any tenen unes captures molt elevades. Per això, l’estudi i seguiment de les seves poblacions és essencial per tal de garantir una explotació sostenible. En aquest sentit, les eines genètiques juguen un paper fonamental, ja que permeten estudiar la diversitat genètica, determinar si aquesta es distribueix de manera diferencial en l’espai (i el temps) i, per tant, saber si existeixen poblacions genèticament diferenciades. A més, els mètodes moleculars també permeten validar que l’espècie capturada sigui realment l’espècie objectiu.
En aquesta tesi s’ha estudiat aquests aspectes per ambdues espècies, investigant si hi havia més d’una població en cadascuna d’elles, quina era la diversitat genètica de les seves poblacions i si l’assignació visual de les espècies coincidia amb la informació genètica. A més, donat que són dues espècies molt properes evolutivament i amb comportaments ecològicament similars, també s’han comparat les seves dinàmiques poblacionals. L’estudi s’ha realitzat tant amb marcadors genètics clàssics com amb tècniques de seqüenciació massiva.
Pel que fa a la bacoreta, els resultats han mostrat que les diferències genètiques entre els individus del nord de l’Atlàntic i els del tròpic són tan elevades que, en realitat, podrien correspondre a dues espècies separades. A més, hem observat que també hi ha diferenciació genètica entre les diferents localitats estudiades, indicant l’existència de poblacions diferents dins de cadascuna de les dues possibles espècies.
En relació amb la melva, hem identificat dues poblacions dins del Mediterrani, separant els individus al voltant de la península Ibèrica dels del nord d’Àfrica. Els nostres estudis també han revelat que part de les captures de melva al Mediterrani són en realitat de melva llisa, una espècie propera que es pensava absent de la regió.
Els resultats obtinguts en aquesta tesi haurien de servir per implementar mesures de gestió de les pesqueries que garanteixin la sostenibilitat per a les espècies estudiades, incloent el correcte reconeixement de les captures i dels estocs. El reconeixement d’aquestes dues espècies de bacoreta com a estocs pesquers diferents és la mesura més urgent que s’ha d’implementar per part de l’organisme responsable de la seva conservacióPrograma de Doctorat en Biologia Molecular, Biomedicina i Salu
Taking the evolution of the standards of proof for a criminal conviction seriously
No full textThe article offers a diachronic and comparative analysis of different standards of proof for a criminal conviction. The first part focuses on the attempt of medieval and early modern Ro-man-canon systems to clarify this type of rule through a network of legal proofs. The second part analyses the origins of the main standards for a criminal conviction used today: moral certainty, beyond reasonable doubt and intime conviction. The final part looks to the future, asking whether traditional decision-making criteria should be maintained or replaced by new ones based on the principles of contemporary epistemology1